Identification and validation of novel prognostic fatty acid metabolic gene signatures in colon adenocarcinoma through systematic approaches

Colorectal cancer(CRC)belongs to the class of significantly malignant tumors found in humans.Recently,dysregulated fatty acid metabolism(FAM)has been a topic of attention due to its modulation in cancer,specifically CRC.However,the regulatory FAM pathways in CRC require comprehensive elucidation.Methods:The clinical and gene expression data of 175 fatty acid metabolic genes(FAMGs)linked with colon adenocarcinoma(COAD)and normal cornerstone genes were gathered through The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)-COAD corroborating with the Molecular Signature Database v7.2(MSigDB).Initially,crucial prognostic genes were selected by uni-and multi-variate Cox proportional regression analyses;then,depending upon these identified signature genes and clinical variables,a nomogram was generated.Lastly,to assess tumor immune characteristics,concomitant evaluation of tumor immune evasion/risk scoring were elucidated.Results:A 8-gene signature,including ACBD4,ACOX1,CD36,CPT2,ELOVL3,ELOVL6,ENO3,and SUCLG2,was generated,and depending upon this,CRC patients were categorized within high-risk(H-R)and low-risk(L-R)cohorts.Furthermore,risk and age-based nomograms indicated moderate discrimination and good calibration.The data confirmed that the 8-gene model efficiently predicted CRC patients’prognosis.Moreover,according to the conjoint analysis of tumor immune evasion and the risk scorings,the H-R cohort had an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment,which caused a substandard prognosis.Conclusion:This investigation established a FAMGs-based prognostic model with substantially high predictive value,providing the possibility for improved individualized treatment for CRC individuals.

基于文献计量探究皮肤微生态领域相关研究热点

皮肤微生物对皮肤健康至关重要,也为皮肤治疗用药物及护肤品研发提供思路。近年来已积累了大量科研文献。文章基于Web of Science核心数据库,以“Skin microecology”,“Skin microbiome”,“Skin microbial community”,以及普遍认为和微生态失衡相关的疾病,如寻常性痤疮“Acne vulgaris”、寻常性银屑病“Psoriasis vulgaris”、特应性皮炎“Atopic dermatitis”等为关键词进行检索,同时建立排除标准,最终确定文献集合1 924篇。借助文献计量方法和知识图谱可视化软件VOSviewer,分析2010—2022年的文献情况及研究热点,由结果可以看出,近年来皮肤微生态领域研究得到全世界的持续关注,皮肤微生态失调以及皮肤微生物多样性为其主要研究热点;以中国和美国为例,分析对比其在研究领域方面的差异可知,美国主要聚焦在皮肤微生物技术手段的提升和更新,中国主要聚焦在皮肤疾病与皮肤微生态的相关性研究和治疗方案的探索。该研究旨在把握国际上皮肤微生态领域发展现状和研究重点,为我国相关研究及行业提供思路和参考。

Flat Band and Z_(2)Topology of Kagome Metal CsTi_(3)Bi_(5)

The simple kagome-lattice band structure possesses Dirac cones,flat band,and saddle point with van Hove singularities in the electronic density of states,facilitating the emergence of various electronic orders.Here we report a titanium-based kagome metal CsTi_(3)Bi_(5)where titanium atoms form a kagome network,resembling its isostructural compound CsV_3Sb_5.Thermodynamic properties including the magnetization,resistance,and heat capacity reveal the conventional Fermi liquid behavior in the kagome metal CsTi_(3)Bi_(5)and no signature of superconducting or charge density wave(CDW)transition anomaly down to 85 m K.Systematic angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements reveal multiple bands crossing the Fermi level,consistent with the first-principles calculations.The flat band formed by the destructive interference of hopping in the kagome lattice is observed directly.Compared to Cs V_(3)Sb_(5),the van Hove singularities are pushed far away above the Fermi level in CsTi_(3)Bi_(5),in line with the absence of CDW.Furthermore,the first-principles calculations identify the nontrivial Z_(2)topological properties for those bands crossing the Fermi level,accompanied by several local band inversions.Our results suppose CsTi_(3)Bi_(5)as a complementary platform to explore the superconductivity and nontrivial band topology.

Erratum:Flat Band and Z_(2) Topology of Kagome Metal CsTi_(3)Bi_(5)[Chin.Phys.Lett.40,037102(2023)]

In our most recently published article,[1]an important reference[2]predicting CsTi_(3)Bi_(5) is missing and should be added,along with Ref.[3](originally Ref.[28]),to the introduction section.

市售护肤品防腐剂使用情况调查及未来发展趋势探究

护肤品防腐剂的使用在一定程度上保障了护肤品的稳定性和使用安全性,也增加了护肤品的有效使用期限。本研究调研了1 205种市售护肤品所用防腐剂的使用情况,对不同质地护肤品所用防腐剂种类进行了整理和归纳,分析了针对不同人群或不同产地的化妆品所用防腐剂的使用现状。调研结果发现:不同男女护肤品使用防腐剂排名前三的均为苯氧乙醇、羟苯甲酯、羟苯丙酯;不同区域的护肤品添加的防腐剂排名第一与第二的均为苯氧乙醇和羟苯甲酯,且各国或联盟使用苯氧乙醇的占比均在60%以上,可以看出目前苯氧乙醇已在世界护肤品领域中广泛使用。随着护肤品行业的发展,对防腐剂的要求也更加严格,本文基于市售护肤品防腐剂的调查统计,进一步综述了防腐剂的发展现状,预测了今后发展的趋势,本研究有着现实性的应用借鉴意义和经济价值。

Mesoporous TiO_2/Carbon Beads: One-Pot Preparation and Their Application in Visible-Light-Induced Photodegradation

Mesoporous Ti O2/Carbon beads have been prepared via a facile impregnation-carbonization approach, in which a porous anion-exchange resin and K2 Ti O(C2O4)2were used as hard carbon and titanium source, respectively.Characterization results reveal that the self-assembled composites have disordered mesostructure, uniform mesopores,large pore volumes, and high surface areas. The mesopore walls are composed of amorphous carbon, well-dispersed and confined anatase or rutile nanoparticles. Some anatase phase of Ti O2 was transformed to rutile phase via an increase of carbonization temperature or repeated impregnation of the resin with Ti O(C2O4)22-species. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen element analysis, and thermal gravity analysis results indicate the doping of carbon into the Ti O2 lattice and strong interaction between carbon and Ti O2 nanoparticles. A synergy effect by carbon and Ti O2 in the composites has been discussed herein on the degradation of methyl orange under visible light. The dye removal process involves adsorption of the dye from water by the mesopores in the composites, followed by photodegradation on the separated dye-loaded catalysts. Mesopores allow full access of the dye molecules to the surface of Ti O2 nanoparticles.Importantly, the bead format of such composite enables their straightforward separation from the reaction mixture in their application as a liquid-phase heterogeneous photodegradation catalyst.

Simulating the resonance-mediated(1+2)-three-photon absorption enhancement in Pr3+ions by a rectangle phase modulation

Enhancing the upconversion luminescence of rare earth ions is crucial for their applications in the laser sources,fiber optic communications,color displays,biolabeling,and biomedical sensors.In this paper,we theoretically study the resonance-mediated(1+2)-three-photon absorption in Pr^(3+) ions by a rectangle phase modulation.The results show that the resonance-mediated(1+2)-three-photon absorption can be effectively enhanced by properly designing the depth and width of the rectangle phase modulation,which can be attributed to the constructive interference between on-resonant and near-resonant three-photon excitation pathways.Further,the enhancement efficiency of resonance-mediated(1+2)-threephoton absorption can be affected by the pulse width(or spectral bandwidth)of femtosecond laser field,final state transition frequency,and absorption bandwidths.This research can provide a clear physical picture for understanding and controlling the multi-photon absorption in rare-earth ions,and also can provide theoretical guidance for improving the up-conversion luminescence.

Valence state manipulation of Sm3＋ ions via a phase-shaped femtosecond laser field

The ability to manipulate the valence state conversion of rare-earth ions is crucial for their applications in color displays, optoelectronic devices, laser sources, and optical memory. The conventional femtosecond laser pulse has been shown to be a well-established tool for realizing the valence state conversion of rare-earth ions, although the valence state conversion efficiency is relatively low. Here, we first propose a femtosecond laser pulse shaping technique for improving the valence state conversion efficiency of rare-earth ions. Our experimental results demonstrate that the photoreduction efficiency from Sm^(3+) to Sm^(2+) in Sm^(3+)-doped sodium aluminoborate glass using a π phase step modulation can be comparable to that using a transform-limited femtosecond laser field, while the peak laser intensity is decreased by about 63%, which is very beneficial for improving the valence state conversion efficiency under the laser-induced damage threshold of the glass sample. Furthermore, we also theoretically develop a(2 + 1)resonance-mediated three-photon absorption model to explain the modulation of the photoreduction efficiency from Sm^(3+)to Sm^(2+)under the π-shaped femtosecond laser field.

Paraventricular Nucleus P2X7 Receptors Aggravate Acute Myocardial Infarction Injury via ROS-Induced Vasopressin-V1b Activation in Rats

The present study was designed to investigate the mechanisms by which P2X7 receptors(P2X7Rs)mediate the activation of vasopressinergic neurons thereby increasing sympathetic hyperactivity in the paraventricular nucleus(PVN) of the hypothalamus of rats with acute myocardial ischemia(AMI). The left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery was ligated to induce AMI in rats. The rats were pretreated with BBG(brilliant blue G, a P2X7R antagonist), nelivaptan(a vasopressin V1b receptor antagonist), or diphenyleneiodonium(DPI) [an nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)oxidase inhibitor]. Hemodynamic parameters of the heart were monitored. Myocardial injury and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were assessed. In the PVN of AMI rats, P2X7R mediated microglial activation, while reactive oxygen species(ROS) and NADPH oxidase 2(NOX2) were higher than in the sham group. Intraperitoneal injection of BBG effectively reduced ROS production and vasopressin expression in the PVN of AMI rats. Moreover, both BBG and DPI pretreatment effectively reduced sympathetic hyperactivity and ameliorated AMI injury, as represented by reduced inflammation and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes.Furthermore, microinjection of nelivaptan into the PVN improved cardiac function and reduced the norepinephrine(AE) levels in AMI rats. Collectively, the results suggest that, within the PVN of AMI rats, P2X7R upregulation mediates microglial activation and the overproduction of ROS, which in turn activates vasopressinergic neuron V1b receptors and sympathetic hyperactivity, hence aggravating myocardial injury in the AMI setting.