Deep learning based recommendation methods, such as the recurrent neural network based recommendation method(RNNRec) and the gated recurrent unit(GRU) based recommendation method(GRURec), are proposed to solve the pro...Deep learning based recommendation methods, such as the recurrent neural network based recommendation method(RNNRec) and the gated recurrent unit(GRU) based recommendation method(GRURec), are proposed to solve the problem of time heterogeneous feedback recommendation. These methods out-perform several state-of-the-art methods. However, in RNNRec and GRURec, action vectors and item vectors are shared among users. The different meanings of the same action for different users are not considered. Similarly, different user preference for the same item is also ignored. To address this problem, the models of RNNRec and GRURec are modified in this paper. In the proposed methods, action vectors and item vectors are transformed into the user space for each user firstly, and then the transformed vectors are fed into the original neural networks of RNNRec and GRURec. The transformed action vectors and item vectors represent the user specified meaning of actions and the preference for items, which makes the proposed method obtain more accurate recommendation results. The experimental results on two real-life datasets indicate that the proposed method outperforms RNNRec and GRURec as well as other state-of-the-art approaches in most cases.展开更多
目的比较含齐多夫定(AZT)和不含AZT的两种三联高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)方案在妊娠合并人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染治疗中的应用价值。方法选择邯郸市传染病医院2014年1月至2018年12月收治的40例妊娠合并HIV感染孕妇为研究对象,使用...目的比较含齐多夫定(AZT)和不含AZT的两种三联高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)方案在妊娠合并人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染治疗中的应用价值。方法选择邯郸市传染病医院2014年1月至2018年12月收治的40例妊娠合并HIV感染孕妇为研究对象,使用简单随机数字表法将其分成观察组(20例)和对照组(20例)。其中观察组患者采用含AZT的三联HAART方案治疗,即AZT^(+)3TC(拉米夫定)^(+)LPV/r(洛匹那韦利托那韦)/EFV(依非韦伦)/NVP(奈韦拉平),对照组患者采取不含AZT的三联HAART方案治疗,即TDF(替诺福韦酯)^(+)3TC^(+)LPV/r/EFV/NVP。入组对象均于妊娠14周时开始用药,服药至产后第6周末。分别于用药前和产前1周时检测两组孕妇血浆HIV-1型核糖核酸(HIV-1 RNA)载量和外周血T淋巴细胞计数。采用Yates校正卡方检验比较两组孕妇妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)、羊水污染、产后出血、产褥感染及新生儿低出生体重(LBW)发生率;采用Pearson卡方检验分别比较两组孕妇剖宫产率,孕妇及两组新生儿不同程度贫血的发生率;采用t检验比较两组新生儿出生体重和1 min Apgar评分等;采用Fisher确切概率法分析新生儿窒息率以及随访6个月后两组新生儿HIV感染率。结果观察组与对照组孕妇产前1周时血浆HIV-1 RNA载量均较本组用药前显著降低(观察组:t=29.358、P<0.001,对照组:t=24.858、P<0.001),且以产前1周观察组孕妇HIV-1 RNA载量显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=7.203、P<0.001)。观察组与对照组孕妇产前1周时外周血CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T均较本组用药前显著上升(P均<0.05),而CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞计数均较用药前显著降低(观察组:t=3.754、P=0.001,对照组:t=2.235、P=0.031);且产前1周时观察组孕妇外周血CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T均显著高于对照组(CD4^(+)T:t=2.199、P=0.034;CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T:t=2.168、P=0.037),CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞计数则显著低于对照组(t=2.046、P=0.048),差异均有统计学意义。观察组与对照组孕妇ICP、羊水污染、产后出血、产褥感染和剖宫产发生率差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。观察组与对照组新生儿出生体重、LBW发生率、1 min Apgar评分和窒息率差异亦均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。观察组新生儿贫血率为60.00%(12/20),显著高于对照组新生儿[25.00%(5/20)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.013、P=0.025)。观察组新生儿随访期间未发生HIV母婴传播,对照组中1例新生儿在出生后第5周时HIV核酸检测阳性,母婴传播率为5.00%,观察组与对照组差异无统计学意义(P=1.000)。结论与不含AZT的三联HAART方案(TDF^(+)3TC^(+)LPV/r/EFV/NVP)相比,妊娠合并HIV感染孕妇应用含AZT的三联HAART方案(AZT^(+)3TC^(+)LPV/r/EFV/NVP)治疗能更有效地促进孕妇机体免疫功能的恢复,降低HIV RNA载量水平,但含AZT的三联HAART方案治疗的新生儿贫血率较高。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61403350)。
文摘Deep learning based recommendation methods, such as the recurrent neural network based recommendation method(RNNRec) and the gated recurrent unit(GRU) based recommendation method(GRURec), are proposed to solve the problem of time heterogeneous feedback recommendation. These methods out-perform several state-of-the-art methods. However, in RNNRec and GRURec, action vectors and item vectors are shared among users. The different meanings of the same action for different users are not considered. Similarly, different user preference for the same item is also ignored. To address this problem, the models of RNNRec and GRURec are modified in this paper. In the proposed methods, action vectors and item vectors are transformed into the user space for each user firstly, and then the transformed vectors are fed into the original neural networks of RNNRec and GRURec. The transformed action vectors and item vectors represent the user specified meaning of actions and the preference for items, which makes the proposed method obtain more accurate recommendation results. The experimental results on two real-life datasets indicate that the proposed method outperforms RNNRec and GRURec as well as other state-of-the-art approaches in most cases.
文摘目的比较含齐多夫定(AZT)和不含AZT的两种三联高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)方案在妊娠合并人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染治疗中的应用价值。方法选择邯郸市传染病医院2014年1月至2018年12月收治的40例妊娠合并HIV感染孕妇为研究对象,使用简单随机数字表法将其分成观察组(20例)和对照组(20例)。其中观察组患者采用含AZT的三联HAART方案治疗,即AZT^(+)3TC(拉米夫定)^(+)LPV/r(洛匹那韦利托那韦)/EFV(依非韦伦)/NVP(奈韦拉平),对照组患者采取不含AZT的三联HAART方案治疗,即TDF(替诺福韦酯)^(+)3TC^(+)LPV/r/EFV/NVP。入组对象均于妊娠14周时开始用药,服药至产后第6周末。分别于用药前和产前1周时检测两组孕妇血浆HIV-1型核糖核酸(HIV-1 RNA)载量和外周血T淋巴细胞计数。采用Yates校正卡方检验比较两组孕妇妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)、羊水污染、产后出血、产褥感染及新生儿低出生体重(LBW)发生率;采用Pearson卡方检验分别比较两组孕妇剖宫产率,孕妇及两组新生儿不同程度贫血的发生率;采用t检验比较两组新生儿出生体重和1 min Apgar评分等;采用Fisher确切概率法分析新生儿窒息率以及随访6个月后两组新生儿HIV感染率。结果观察组与对照组孕妇产前1周时血浆HIV-1 RNA载量均较本组用药前显著降低(观察组:t=29.358、P<0.001,对照组:t=24.858、P<0.001),且以产前1周观察组孕妇HIV-1 RNA载量显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=7.203、P<0.001)。观察组与对照组孕妇产前1周时外周血CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T均较本组用药前显著上升(P均<0.05),而CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞计数均较用药前显著降低(观察组:t=3.754、P=0.001,对照组:t=2.235、P=0.031);且产前1周时观察组孕妇外周血CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T均显著高于对照组(CD4^(+)T:t=2.199、P=0.034;CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T:t=2.168、P=0.037),CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞计数则显著低于对照组(t=2.046、P=0.048),差异均有统计学意义。观察组与对照组孕妇ICP、羊水污染、产后出血、产褥感染和剖宫产发生率差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。观察组与对照组新生儿出生体重、LBW发生率、1 min Apgar评分和窒息率差异亦均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。观察组新生儿贫血率为60.00%(12/20),显著高于对照组新生儿[25.00%(5/20)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.013、P=0.025)。观察组新生儿随访期间未发生HIV母婴传播,对照组中1例新生儿在出生后第5周时HIV核酸检测阳性,母婴传播率为5.00%,观察组与对照组差异无统计学意义(P=1.000)。结论与不含AZT的三联HAART方案(TDF^(+)3TC^(+)LPV/r/EFV/NVP)相比,妊娠合并HIV感染孕妇应用含AZT的三联HAART方案(AZT^(+)3TC^(+)LPV/r/EFV/NVP)治疗能更有效地促进孕妇机体免疫功能的恢复,降低HIV RNA载量水平,但含AZT的三联HAART方案治疗的新生儿贫血率较高。
