Fungi capable of arsenic（As） accumulation and volatilization are hoped to tackle As-contaminated environment in the future. However, little data is available regarding their performances in field soils. In this stud...Fungi capable of arsenic（As） accumulation and volatilization are hoped to tackle As-contaminated environment in the future. However, little data is available regarding their performances in field soils. In this study, the chlamydospores of Trichoderma asperellum SM-12F1 capable of As resistance, accumulation, and volatilization were inoculated into As-contaminated Chenzhou（CZ） and Shimen（SM） soils, and subsequently As volatilization and availability were assessed. The results indicated that T. asperellum SM-12F1 could reproduce well in As-contaminated soils. After cultivated for 42 days, the colony forming units（cfu） of T. asperellum SM-12F1 in CZ and SM soils reached 10^10–10^11 cfu g^–1 fresh soil when inoculated at a rate of 5.0%. Inoculation with chlamydospores of T. asperellum SM-12F1 could significantly accelerate As volatilization from soils. The contents of volatilized As from CZ and SM soils after being inoculated with chlamydospores at a rate of 5.0% for 42 days were 2.0 and 0.6 μg kg^–1, respectively, which were about 27.5 and 2.5 times higher than their corresponding controls of no inoculation（CZ, 0.1 μg kg^–1; SM, 0.3 μg kg^–1）. Furthermore, the available As content in SM soils was decreased by 23.7%, and that in CZ soils increased by 3.3% compared with their corresponding controls. Further studies showed that soil p H values significantly decreased as a function of cultivation time or the inoculation level of chlamydospores. The p H values in CZ and SM soils after being inoculated with 5.0% of chlamydospores for 42 days were 6.04 and 6.02, respectively, which were lowered by 0.34 and 1.21 compared with their corresponding controls（CZ, 6.38; SM, 7.23）. The changes in soil p H and As-binding fractions after inoculation might be responsible for the changes in As availability. These observations could shed light on the future remediation of As-contaminated soils using fungi.展开更多
[目的]评价21%噻呋酰胺·咯菌腈·嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂对花生白绢病的田间防治效果,为生产上应用提供理论依据。[方法]2020年种子包衣法于山东省泰安市、新泰市2地进行了田间药效试验。[结果]2地田间试验结果表明:21%噻呋酰胺·...[目的]评价21%噻呋酰胺·咯菌腈·嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂对花生白绢病的田间防治效果,为生产上应用提供理论依据。[方法]2020年种子包衣法于山东省泰安市、新泰市2地进行了田间药效试验。[结果]2地田间试验结果表明:21%噻呋酰胺·咯菌腈·嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂40、48 g a.i./100kg种子2个处理的防效为74.97%~80.80%和77.81%~83.71%,高于4个对照药剂。[结论] 21%噻呋酰胺·咯菌腈·嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂对花生白绢病具有较好的防治效果,建议使用剂量40~48 g a.i./100kg种子。展开更多
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41101296)the Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan period(2012BAD14B02)
文摘Fungi capable of arsenic（As） accumulation and volatilization are hoped to tackle As-contaminated environment in the future. However, little data is available regarding their performances in field soils. In this study, the chlamydospores of Trichoderma asperellum SM-12F1 capable of As resistance, accumulation, and volatilization were inoculated into As-contaminated Chenzhou（CZ） and Shimen（SM） soils, and subsequently As volatilization and availability were assessed. The results indicated that T. asperellum SM-12F1 could reproduce well in As-contaminated soils. After cultivated for 42 days, the colony forming units（cfu） of T. asperellum SM-12F1 in CZ and SM soils reached 10^10–10^11 cfu g^–1 fresh soil when inoculated at a rate of 5.0%. Inoculation with chlamydospores of T. asperellum SM-12F1 could significantly accelerate As volatilization from soils. The contents of volatilized As from CZ and SM soils after being inoculated with chlamydospores at a rate of 5.0% for 42 days were 2.0 and 0.6 μg kg^–1, respectively, which were about 27.5 and 2.5 times higher than their corresponding controls of no inoculation（CZ, 0.1 μg kg^–1; SM, 0.3 μg kg^–1）. Furthermore, the available As content in SM soils was decreased by 23.7%, and that in CZ soils increased by 3.3% compared with their corresponding controls. Further studies showed that soil p H values significantly decreased as a function of cultivation time or the inoculation level of chlamydospores. The p H values in CZ and SM soils after being inoculated with 5.0% of chlamydospores for 42 days were 6.04 and 6.02, respectively, which were lowered by 0.34 and 1.21 compared with their corresponding controls（CZ, 6.38; SM, 7.23）. The changes in soil p H and As-binding fractions after inoculation might be responsible for the changes in As availability. These observations could shed light on the future remediation of As-contaminated soils using fungi.
文摘[目的]评价21%噻呋酰胺·咯菌腈·嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂对花生白绢病的田间防治效果,为生产上应用提供理论依据。[方法]2020年种子包衣法于山东省泰安市、新泰市2地进行了田间药效试验。[结果]2地田间试验结果表明:21%噻呋酰胺·咯菌腈·嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂40、48 g a.i./100kg种子2个处理的防效为74.97%~80.80%和77.81%~83.71%,高于4个对照药剂。[结论] 21%噻呋酰胺·咯菌腈·嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂对花生白绢病具有较好的防治效果,建议使用剂量40~48 g a.i./100kg种子。
