大型医院停车管理思维与实践

大部分医院的停车位严重的不足,导致机动车的相关停车设施不能够满足所有人对于停车的需求,目前各大医院面临的一个重大问题就是停车位的供需失衡。如何有效的解决停车难的问题,改善停车位供需失衡的现状;如何妥善的解决医院相关停车设施规划、建设、管理的一系列问题,成为了一项需要迫切解决的重要问题。

Evaluation of the computational performance of the finite-volume atmospheric model of the IAP/LASG(FAMIL) on a high-performance computer

High computational performance is extremely important for climate system models, especially in ultra-high-resolution model development. In this study, the computational performance of the Finite-volume Atmospheric Model of the IAP/LASG （FAMIL） was comprehensively evaluated on Tianhe-2, which was the world＇s top-ranked supercomputer from June 2013 to May 2016. The standardized Atmospheric Model Inter-comparison Project （AMIP） type of experiment was carried out that focused on the computational performance of each node as well as the simulation year per day （SYPD）, the running cost speedup, and the scalability of the FAMIL. The results indicated that （1） based on five indexes （CPU usage, percentage of CPU kernel mode that occupies CPU time and of message passing waiting time （CPU SW）, code vectorization （VEC）, average of Gflops （Gflops_ AVE）, and peak of Gflops （Gflops_PK））, FAMIL shows excellent computational performance on every Tianhe-2 computing node; （2） considering SYPD and the cost speedup of FAMIL systematically, the optimal Message Passing Interface （MPI） numbers of processors （MNPs） choice appears when FAMIL use 384 and 1536 MNPs for C96 （100 km） and C384 （25 km）, respectively; and （3） FAMIL shows positive scalability with increased threads to drive the model. Considering the fast network speed and acceleration card in the MIC architecture on Tianhe-2, there is still significant room to improve the computational performance of FAMIL.

Computational Performance of the High-Resolution Atmospheric Model FAMIL

This paper describes the model speed and model In/Out （I/O） efficiency of the high-resolution atmospheric general circulation model FAMIL （Finite- volume Atmospheric Model of IAP/LASG） at the National Supercomputer Center in Tianjin, China, on its Tianhe-lA supercomputer platform. A series of three- model-day simulations were carried out with standard Aqua Planet Experiment （APE） designed within FAMIL to obtain the time stamp for the calculation of model speed, simulation cost, and model 1/O efficiency. The results of the simulation demonstrate that FAMIL has remarkable scalability below 3456 and 6144 cores, and the lowest simulation costs are 1536 and 3456 cores for 12.5 km and 6.25 krn resolutions, respectively. Furthermore, FAMIL has excellent I/O scalability and an efficiency of more than 80% on 6 I/Os and more than 99% on 1536 I/Os.

Fully Nonlinear Time Domain Analysis for Hydrodynamic Performance of An Oscillating Wave Surge Converter

The hydrodynamic behaviour of an oscillating wave surge converter(OWSC) in large motion excited by nonlinear waves is investigated. The mechanism through which the wave energy is absorbed in the nonlinear system is analysed. The mathematical model used is based on the velocity potential theory together with the fully nonlinear boundary conditions on the moving body surface and deforming free surface. The problem is solved by the boundary element method. Numerical results are obtained to show how to adjust the mechanical properties of the OWSC to achieve the best efficiency in a given wave, together with the nonlinear effect of the wave height. Numerical results are also provided to show the behaviour of a given OWSC in waves of different frequencies and different heights.

From global change to Future Earth in China

Here we review the activities and recent accomplishments resulting from the global change and Future Earth initiative studies in China.As a new international research initiative,Future Earth will develop comprehensive knowledge for responding to global change risks and create transformative opportunities toward future global sustainability.The Chinese National Committee for Future Earth,the consultation project Develop ‘Future Earth in China' for Promoting Social Sustainability and the cooperative international project Co-design of Implementation Plan for Future Earth in China were developed to help foster a culture of sustainability and conservation in China.To help promote the sustainability movement in China,Chinese scientists from both the natural and social sciences,policymakers,and stakeholders are encouraged to join the future activities following the Future Earth model co-design,co-produce,and co-delivery.

沥青路面三点弯曲试验的离散元模拟

为了深入研究半刚性基层沥青路面结构开裂破坏时的层底应力变化和裂纹扩展规律,从细观结构角度出发,基于离散元方法编写了PFC2D程序。程序中使用"Cluster"理论将以矩阵规则排列的单元颗粒进行随机的聚粒操作,这些单元颗粒聚粒组合在一起用来模拟集料,其余没有聚粒组合在一起的单元颗粒则用来模拟沥青砂浆或水泥胶浆,随后随机删除部分单元颗粒以模拟结构的空隙率,从而建立了半刚性基层沥青路面结构的二维数值模型。对模型进行三点弯曲试验数值模拟,同时在模型底部设置测量圆,监测模型底部的应力和裂纹扩展情况。然后在试验室成型相同尺寸和结构的小梁试件,进行室内对比试验,获得了室内试验的实测数据,将数值模拟结果与实验室试验结果进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:用离散元PFC2D程序建立的二维模型可以很好地模拟半刚性基层沥青路面结构三点弯曲试验,其模拟结果与实验室室内试验结果具有较好的相关性,且试验规律一致,为半刚性基层沥青路面的微观结构研究奠定了基础;二维离散元模型很好地监测了微裂纹的产生和扩展情况,弥补了室内试验仅仅依靠肉眼观测的不足,为研究半刚性基层沥青路面结构开裂时的层底应力变化和裂纹发展规律提供了辅助手段。

山地城市全透水沥青路面结构力学响应分析

山地城市如重庆,具有纵坡大、降雨多的特点,其全透水沥青路面结构型式与平原地区有所不同。为研究荷载作用下山地城市全透水沥青路面结构力学响应情况,借助有限元方法建立全透水沥青路面结构的三维模型,通过改变基层+蓄水层组合厚度、蓄水层模量及土基模量3个因素,分析弯沉、蓄水层层底拉应力和土基顶面压应变的响应情况。结果表明土基模量对弯沉有显著影响,基层+蓄水层组合厚度对蓄水层层底拉应力和土基顶面压应变有显著影响,因此,可通过增加基层+蓄水层组合厚度和增大土基模量的方式来提高全透水沥青路面的强度。