目的:对早期活动在腰椎融合手术病人中的应用进行范围综述,为临床实践及相关研究提供参考。方法:系统检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、中国生物医学文献服务系统中的相关文献,检索时限从建库至202...目的:对早期活动在腰椎融合手术病人中的应用进行范围综述,为临床实践及相关研究提供参考。方法:系统检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、中国生物医学文献服务系统中的相关文献,检索时限从建库至2022年11月30日,由2名研究者独立筛选文献和提取数据。结果:共纳入19篇文献,从手术类型、早期活动方案、评价指标等方面对腰椎融合术后早期活动相关内容进行分析及整合。结论:腰椎融合术后病人早期下床活动时机未明确,活动方案及其评价指标存在异质性,今后应制定系统全面且科学的个性化早期下床活动方案,以促进病人术后康复及满意度。展开更多
A long-lived, quasi-stationary mesoscale convective system （MCS） producing extreme ramtall （maximum of 542 mm） over the eastern coastal area of Guangdong Province on 20 May 2015 is analyzed by using high-resolutio...A long-lived, quasi-stationary mesoscale convective system （MCS） producing extreme ramtall （maximum of 542 mm） over the eastern coastal area of Guangdong Province on 20 May 2015 is analyzed by using high-resolution surface observations, sounding data, and radar measurements. New convective ceils are continuously initiated along a mesoscale boundary at the surface, leading to formation and maintenance of the quasi-linear-shaped MCS from about 2000 BT 19 to 1200 BT 20 May. The boundary is originally formed between a cold dome generated by previous convection and southwesterly flow from the ocean carrying higher equivalent potential temperature （θe） air. The boundary is subsequently maintained and reinforced by the contrast between the MCS-generated cold outflow and the oceanic higher-θe air. The cold outflow is weak （wind speed ≤ 5 m s-1）, which is attributable to the characteristic environmental conditions, i.e., high humidity in the lower troposphere and weak horizontal winds in the middle and lower troposphere. The low speed of the cold outflow is comparable to that of the near surface southerly flow from the ocean, resulting in very slow southward movement of the boundary. The boundary features temperature contrasts of 2-3℃ and is roughly 500-m deep. Despite its shallowness, the boundary appears to exert a profound influence on continuous convection initiation because of the very low level of free convection and small convection inhibition of the near surface oceanic air, building several parallel rainbands （of about 50-kin length） that move slowly eastward along the MCS and produce about 80% of the total rainfall. Another MCS moves into the area from the northwest and merges with the local MCS at about 1200 BT. The cold outflow subsequently strengthens and the boundary moves more rapidly toward the southeast, leading to end of the event in 3 h.展开更多
文摘目的:对早期活动在腰椎融合手术病人中的应用进行范围综述,为临床实践及相关研究提供参考。方法:系统检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、中国生物医学文献服务系统中的相关文献,检索时限从建库至2022年11月30日,由2名研究者独立筛选文献和提取数据。结果:共纳入19篇文献,从手术类型、早期活动方案、评价指标等方面对腰椎融合术后早期活动相关内容进行分析及整合。结论:腰椎融合术后病人早期下床活动时机未明确,活动方案及其评价指标存在异质性,今后应制定系统全面且科学的个性化早期下床活动方案,以促进病人术后康复及满意度。
基金Supported by the China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund(GYHY201406013 and GYHY201406003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(91437104)National(Key)Basic Research and Development(973)Program of China(2012CB417202)
文摘A long-lived, quasi-stationary mesoscale convective system （MCS） producing extreme ramtall （maximum of 542 mm） over the eastern coastal area of Guangdong Province on 20 May 2015 is analyzed by using high-resolution surface observations, sounding data, and radar measurements. New convective ceils are continuously initiated along a mesoscale boundary at the surface, leading to formation and maintenance of the quasi-linear-shaped MCS from about 2000 BT 19 to 1200 BT 20 May. The boundary is originally formed between a cold dome generated by previous convection and southwesterly flow from the ocean carrying higher equivalent potential temperature （θe） air. The boundary is subsequently maintained and reinforced by the contrast between the MCS-generated cold outflow and the oceanic higher-θe air. The cold outflow is weak （wind speed ≤ 5 m s-1）, which is attributable to the characteristic environmental conditions, i.e., high humidity in the lower troposphere and weak horizontal winds in the middle and lower troposphere. The low speed of the cold outflow is comparable to that of the near surface southerly flow from the ocean, resulting in very slow southward movement of the boundary. The boundary features temperature contrasts of 2-3℃ and is roughly 500-m deep. Despite its shallowness, the boundary appears to exert a profound influence on continuous convection initiation because of the very low level of free convection and small convection inhibition of the near surface oceanic air, building several parallel rainbands （of about 50-kin length） that move slowly eastward along the MCS and produce about 80% of the total rainfall. Another MCS moves into the area from the northwest and merges with the local MCS at about 1200 BT. The cold outflow subsequently strengthens and the boundary moves more rapidly toward the southeast, leading to end of the event in 3 h.
