Sugarcane has a large,complex,polyploid genome that has hindered the progress of genomic research and molecular marker-assisted selection.The user-friendly SSR markers have attracted considerable attention owing to th...Sugarcane has a large,complex,polyploid genome that has hindered the progress of genomic research and molecular marker-assisted selection.The user-friendly SSR markers have attracted considerable attention owing to their ideal genetic attributes.However,these markers were not characterized and developed at the genome-wide scale due to the previously lacking high-quality chromosome-level assembled sugarcane genomes.In this present study,744305and 361638 candidate SSRs were identified from the genomes of S.officinarum and S.spontaneum,respectively.We verified the reliability of the predicted SSRs by using 1200 interspecific SSR primer pairs to detect polymorphisms among 11 representative accessions of Saccharum,including S.spontaneum,S.officinarum,S.robustum,and modern sugarcane hybrid.The results showed that 660 SSR markers displayed interspecific polymorphisms among these accessions.Furthermore,100 SSRs were randomly selected to detect the genetic diversity for 39 representative Saccharum accessions.A total of 320 alleles were generated using 100 polymorphic primers,with each marker ranging from two to seven alleles.The genetic diversity analysis revealed that these accessions were distributed in four main groups,including group I(14 S.spontaneum accessions),group II(two S.officinarum accessions),group III(18 modern sugarcane hybrid accessions),and group IV(five S.robustum accessions).Experimental verification supported the reliability of the SSR markers based on genome-wide predictions.The development of a large number of SSR markers based on wet experiments is valuable for genetic studies,including genetic linkage maps,comparative genome analysis,genome-wide association studies,and marker-assisted selection in Saccharum.展开更多
目的使用血管内超声(I V U S)测量并分析成年中国人正常左前降支(LAD)的外弹力膜(EEM)直径大小、渐变率,进一步加深对冠状动脉解剖的认识,为介入手术策略选择、手术器械研发等提供数据支持。方法 入选2017年1月1日至2021年6月1日在湘潭...目的使用血管内超声(I V U S)测量并分析成年中国人正常左前降支(LAD)的外弹力膜(EEM)直径大小、渐变率,进一步加深对冠状动脉解剖的认识,为介入手术策略选择、手术器械研发等提供数据支持。方法 入选2017年1月1日至2021年6月1日在湘潭市中心医院心导管室经L A D行I V U S检查后确定检测长度至少为9 0m m且斑块负荷<20%的患者105例。将LAD从开口起每隔5mm进行测量,测量长度为开口至90mm处止。测量统计的数据包括血管EEM直径、渐变率及对角支与LAD的EEM关系。结果 (1)LAD的EEM直径从开口处(4.04±0.46)mm,逐渐减小至90mm处的(2.29±0.15)mm,LAD血管呈逐渐变细的趋势。(2)LAD的平均渐变率为2.95%(男3.12%,女2.86%),距开口10~25mm处和30~50mm处渐变率较大,在距开口50~90mm处渐变率较小。(3)男性EEM直径均大于女性,除80mm、85mm、90mm处以外,性别间EEM直径差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。(4)非右冠优势型的LAD的EEM直径大于右冠优势型的EEM直径,但组间差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。(5)优势对角支组在5~25mm和30~50mm处分布较多。优势对角支前后5mm的LAD的EEM直径差异有统计学意义[(3.39±0.43)mm比(3.15±0.41)mm,P<0.001],非优势对角支前后5mm的LAD的EEM直径差异有统计学意义[(3.23±0.48)mm比(3.06±0.47)mm,P<0.001]。分出优势对角支处的LAD渐变率比分出非优势对角支处的LAD渐变率大(6.51%比4.48%,P<0.001),差异有统计学意义。结论在IVUS检测下获得我国成人正常LAD血管EEM直径和渐变率的数据,了解到LAD整体上呈逐渐变细的态势,LAD血管在近中段EEM直径变化幅度较大,远段EEM直径变化幅度较小,男性LAD的EEM直径大于女性,LAD的EEM直径变化幅度受对角支大小的影响。展开更多
Background Equatorial lens epithelial cells proliferate and differentiate into fiber cells throughout life, while central lens epithelial cells proliferate little and do not form fiber ceils. This study aimed to inves...Background Equatorial lens epithelial cells proliferate and differentiate into fiber cells throughout life, while central lens epithelial cells proliferate little and do not form fiber ceils. This study aimed to investigate the differences in gene expression between the central and the peripheral epithelial cells of the bovine lens. Methods Lens epithelia were dissected into central （≤11.5 mm diameter, cLEC） and peripheral regions （pLEC）. The differences in gene expression and protein accumulation between these two regions were assayed by microarray analysis and two-dimensional electrophoresis （2-DE） combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF-MS）. Differently expressed proteins were validated by immunoanalyses. Results By microarray analysis, 67 transcripts were at least two-fold lower and 269 at least two-fold higher in pLEC compared with that in cLEC. Thirty-four protein spots, including 20 in cLEC and 14 in pLEC, were identified by two dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Of these 34 protein products, 28 were represented by probe sets on the microarray. Nine transcripts changed in the same direction and four transcripts in the opposite direction to their protein products. Immunoanalyses revealed that three （mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 （MAPK1）, nidogen （NID）, small nuclear ribonucleoprotein N （SNRPN）） out of four transcripts with opposite change between 2-DE and microarray assay showed the same changes as the results of 2-DE gel analyses. The genes differently expressed between cLEC and pLEC mainly include those related to the MAPK, transforming growth factor β （TGFβ） signaling and glycolysis pathways. Conclusion The results suggested that there were distinctly different genome activities, including a specific group of pathways, between central and peripheral lens epithelial cells.展开更多
文摘高超声速飞行器在临近空间飞行时,由于飞行器与空气剧烈的相互作用,形成包含等离子体鞘套和尾迹的等离子体流场,研究其电子密度分布特性对高超声速飞行器的目标识别、测控通信等具有重要意义.地面模拟实验测量是研究等离子体包覆高超声速飞行器电磁散射特性的有效方法之一,为满足地面模拟实验瞬态等离子体流场电子密度分布的测量需求,本文提出了一种Ka波段七通道微波干涉仪测量系统研制方案.该系统采用单发七收的方式,利用单曲面透镜将波导开口天线辐射的电磁波转化为近似平面波,将7个平行且非对称排列的开口波导作为接收通道天线,缩减了接收天线的尺寸以及天线之间的距离,提高了测量的空间分辨率.基于七通道微波干涉仪测量系统在弹道靶和激波管设备开展了动态实验,测量了超高速流场电子密度二维分布,结果表明该系统具备瞬时大动态范围信号的接收能力,幅度线性动态范围优于65 dB,相位动态范围180°,响应时间优于1μs;所测量的超高速流场等离子体电子密度二维分布,能够较好地反映弹道靶设备与激波管设备产生的瞬态等离子体细节变化,电子密度测量动态范围为(10^(10)-10^(13))cm^(-3)量级,电子密度测量误差不超过0.5个数量级,径向空间分辨率优于15 mm.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1000101-5)the Science and Technology Planting Project of Guangdong Province,China(2019B020238001)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(2019J05066)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41906096)the Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture and the State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobioresources,China。
文摘Sugarcane has a large,complex,polyploid genome that has hindered the progress of genomic research and molecular marker-assisted selection.The user-friendly SSR markers have attracted considerable attention owing to their ideal genetic attributes.However,these markers were not characterized and developed at the genome-wide scale due to the previously lacking high-quality chromosome-level assembled sugarcane genomes.In this present study,744305and 361638 candidate SSRs were identified from the genomes of S.officinarum and S.spontaneum,respectively.We verified the reliability of the predicted SSRs by using 1200 interspecific SSR primer pairs to detect polymorphisms among 11 representative accessions of Saccharum,including S.spontaneum,S.officinarum,S.robustum,and modern sugarcane hybrid.The results showed that 660 SSR markers displayed interspecific polymorphisms among these accessions.Furthermore,100 SSRs were randomly selected to detect the genetic diversity for 39 representative Saccharum accessions.A total of 320 alleles were generated using 100 polymorphic primers,with each marker ranging from two to seven alleles.The genetic diversity analysis revealed that these accessions were distributed in four main groups,including group I(14 S.spontaneum accessions),group II(two S.officinarum accessions),group III(18 modern sugarcane hybrid accessions),and group IV(five S.robustum accessions).Experimental verification supported the reliability of the SSR markers based on genome-wide predictions.The development of a large number of SSR markers based on wet experiments is valuable for genetic studies,including genetic linkage maps,comparative genome analysis,genome-wide association studies,and marker-assisted selection in Saccharum.
文摘目的使用血管内超声(I V U S)测量并分析成年中国人正常左前降支(LAD)的外弹力膜(EEM)直径大小、渐变率,进一步加深对冠状动脉解剖的认识,为介入手术策略选择、手术器械研发等提供数据支持。方法 入选2017年1月1日至2021年6月1日在湘潭市中心医院心导管室经L A D行I V U S检查后确定检测长度至少为9 0m m且斑块负荷<20%的患者105例。将LAD从开口起每隔5mm进行测量,测量长度为开口至90mm处止。测量统计的数据包括血管EEM直径、渐变率及对角支与LAD的EEM关系。结果 (1)LAD的EEM直径从开口处(4.04±0.46)mm,逐渐减小至90mm处的(2.29±0.15)mm,LAD血管呈逐渐变细的趋势。(2)LAD的平均渐变率为2.95%(男3.12%,女2.86%),距开口10~25mm处和30~50mm处渐变率较大,在距开口50~90mm处渐变率较小。(3)男性EEM直径均大于女性,除80mm、85mm、90mm处以外,性别间EEM直径差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。(4)非右冠优势型的LAD的EEM直径大于右冠优势型的EEM直径,但组间差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。(5)优势对角支组在5~25mm和30~50mm处分布较多。优势对角支前后5mm的LAD的EEM直径差异有统计学意义[(3.39±0.43)mm比(3.15±0.41)mm,P<0.001],非优势对角支前后5mm的LAD的EEM直径差异有统计学意义[(3.23±0.48)mm比(3.06±0.47)mm,P<0.001]。分出优势对角支处的LAD渐变率比分出非优势对角支处的LAD渐变率大(6.51%比4.48%,P<0.001),差异有统计学意义。结论在IVUS检测下获得我国成人正常LAD血管EEM直径和渐变率的数据,了解到LAD整体上呈逐渐变细的态势,LAD血管在近中段EEM直径变化幅度较大,远段EEM直径变化幅度较小,男性LAD的EEM直径大于女性,LAD的EEM直径变化幅度受对角支大小的影响。
文摘Background Equatorial lens epithelial cells proliferate and differentiate into fiber cells throughout life, while central lens epithelial cells proliferate little and do not form fiber ceils. This study aimed to investigate the differences in gene expression between the central and the peripheral epithelial cells of the bovine lens. Methods Lens epithelia were dissected into central （≤11.5 mm diameter, cLEC） and peripheral regions （pLEC）. The differences in gene expression and protein accumulation between these two regions were assayed by microarray analysis and two-dimensional electrophoresis （2-DE） combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF-MS）. Differently expressed proteins were validated by immunoanalyses. Results By microarray analysis, 67 transcripts were at least two-fold lower and 269 at least two-fold higher in pLEC compared with that in cLEC. Thirty-four protein spots, including 20 in cLEC and 14 in pLEC, were identified by two dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Of these 34 protein products, 28 were represented by probe sets on the microarray. Nine transcripts changed in the same direction and four transcripts in the opposite direction to their protein products. Immunoanalyses revealed that three （mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 （MAPK1）, nidogen （NID）, small nuclear ribonucleoprotein N （SNRPN）） out of four transcripts with opposite change between 2-DE and microarray assay showed the same changes as the results of 2-DE gel analyses. The genes differently expressed between cLEC and pLEC mainly include those related to the MAPK, transforming growth factor β （TGFβ） signaling and glycolysis pathways. Conclusion The results suggested that there were distinctly different genome activities, including a specific group of pathways, between central and peripheral lens epithelial cells.
