Waxy maize is one of the main fresh-eating maize types,and a mutation of the waxy gene causes the waxy character of maize grains.China is rich in waxy maize landraces,and Yunnan and its surrounding areas,are the place...Waxy maize is one of the main fresh-eating maize types,and a mutation of the waxy gene causes the waxy character of maize grains.China is rich in waxy maize landraces,and Yunnan and its surrounding areas,are the place of origin and genetic diversity center of Chinese waxy maize.The six known waxy alleles of Chinese waxy maize are wx-D7,wx-D10,wx-Cin4,wx-124,wx-Reina,and wx-Xuanwei.The mutation sites of these alleles all occur in the coding region of the waxy gene,however,the mechanism by which the waxy characteristic is caused by the mutation in the regulatory region has only been reported rarely in maize.In this study,405 waxy maize landraces from Yunnan were used as materials to identify the insertion and deletion of a large sequence fragment in the upstream~3.5 kb regulatory region of the waxy gene by molecular marker detection.Three different waxy alleles were identifed in this study:wx-PIF/Harbinger,wx-hAT and wxElote2.These three types of mutations all represented transposons inserted into the regulatory region of the waxy gene.Wx-PIF/Harbinger was a 304-bp MITE class transposon insertion belonging to the PIF/Harbinger family,while wx-hAT was a 560-bp MITE class transposon insertion belonging to the hAT family,and wx-Elote2 was a 6560-bp LTR-like transposon insertion.In this study,the alleles were identifed for more than 70%of the waxy maize landraces in Yunnan,which provids a basis for the utilization of these waxy maize landraces.展开更多
对博兴县土壤质量综合评价,为当地土壤资源的科学管理和可持续利用提供重要依据。本研究以土壤pH、有机质、有效磷、速效钾、碱解氮和土壤重金属Cr、Pb、Cd、As、Hg含量数据为基础,采用指数和法对土壤肥力、内梅罗指数法对土壤重金属污...对博兴县土壤质量综合评价,为当地土壤资源的科学管理和可持续利用提供重要依据。本研究以土壤pH、有机质、有效磷、速效钾、碱解氮和土壤重金属Cr、Pb、Cd、As、Hg含量数据为基础,采用指数和法对土壤肥力、内梅罗指数法对土壤重金属污染风险进行评价,再引入逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)对土壤质量综合评价。结果表明:研究区农用地土壤有机质平均含量为17.85 g kg^(-1),较为缺乏;土壤有效磷、速效钾、碱解氮的平均含量为36.89、192.46、98.47 mg kg^(-1),较为丰富;土壤综合肥力指数平均值为0.63,土壤肥力总体表现为中上等水平,在空间上呈现由南到北,由东到西逐渐降低的趋势;Cd的单因子指数Pi(1.03)>1,表明部分地区土壤存在Cd的轻度污染,其他4种重金属虽有不同程度的积累,但均未超过土壤环境质量标准;博兴县农用地共分为优质区、良好区、中等区、一般区、较差区5种类型,分别占农用地总面积的23.53%、33.01%、15.82%、18.75%、8.89%。总体上看,博兴县大部分农用地无明显的重金属污染,且土壤肥力水平较高,土壤综合质量处于良好及以上水平。展开更多
基金supported by the National Crop Sharing and Service Platform-Yunnan sub Platform,China(NICGR2018-030)the Post-doctoral Targeted Funding of Yunnan Province,China(YRST 2018[168])。
文摘Waxy maize is one of the main fresh-eating maize types,and a mutation of the waxy gene causes the waxy character of maize grains.China is rich in waxy maize landraces,and Yunnan and its surrounding areas,are the place of origin and genetic diversity center of Chinese waxy maize.The six known waxy alleles of Chinese waxy maize are wx-D7,wx-D10,wx-Cin4,wx-124,wx-Reina,and wx-Xuanwei.The mutation sites of these alleles all occur in the coding region of the waxy gene,however,the mechanism by which the waxy characteristic is caused by the mutation in the regulatory region has only been reported rarely in maize.In this study,405 waxy maize landraces from Yunnan were used as materials to identify the insertion and deletion of a large sequence fragment in the upstream~3.5 kb regulatory region of the waxy gene by molecular marker detection.Three different waxy alleles were identifed in this study:wx-PIF/Harbinger,wx-hAT and wxElote2.These three types of mutations all represented transposons inserted into the regulatory region of the waxy gene.Wx-PIF/Harbinger was a 304-bp MITE class transposon insertion belonging to the PIF/Harbinger family,while wx-hAT was a 560-bp MITE class transposon insertion belonging to the hAT family,and wx-Elote2 was a 6560-bp LTR-like transposon insertion.In this study,the alleles were identifed for more than 70%of the waxy maize landraces in Yunnan,which provids a basis for the utilization of these waxy maize landraces.
文摘对博兴县土壤质量综合评价,为当地土壤资源的科学管理和可持续利用提供重要依据。本研究以土壤pH、有机质、有效磷、速效钾、碱解氮和土壤重金属Cr、Pb、Cd、As、Hg含量数据为基础,采用指数和法对土壤肥力、内梅罗指数法对土壤重金属污染风险进行评价,再引入逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)对土壤质量综合评价。结果表明:研究区农用地土壤有机质平均含量为17.85 g kg^(-1),较为缺乏;土壤有效磷、速效钾、碱解氮的平均含量为36.89、192.46、98.47 mg kg^(-1),较为丰富;土壤综合肥力指数平均值为0.63,土壤肥力总体表现为中上等水平,在空间上呈现由南到北,由东到西逐渐降低的趋势;Cd的单因子指数Pi(1.03)>1,表明部分地区土壤存在Cd的轻度污染,其他4种重金属虽有不同程度的积累,但均未超过土壤环境质量标准;博兴县农用地共分为优质区、良好区、中等区、一般区、较差区5种类型,分别占农用地总面积的23.53%、33.01%、15.82%、18.75%、8.89%。总体上看,博兴县大部分农用地无明显的重金属污染,且土壤肥力水平较高,土壤综合质量处于良好及以上水平。
