物种分布模型(Species distribution models,SDMs)是基于物种的生态位要求,通过将物种已知的分布数据和对应地区的环境数据联系起来,以预测该物种在不同时间和空间下的地理分布的一种数学工具。它为地史时期生物地理分布的重建、生物生...物种分布模型(Species distribution models,SDMs)是基于物种的生态位要求,通过将物种已知的分布数据和对应地区的环境数据联系起来,以预测该物种在不同时间和空间下的地理分布的一种数学工具。它为地史时期生物地理分布的重建、生物生态特征的分析及生物与地球环境协同演化研究等提供了一种新的途径。此方法具有研究精度高、预测效果好及应用广泛等优点,尤其适合开展高精度的古生物地理、古生态及生物宏演化等相关研究。文章着重介绍物种分布模型的基本原理及建模流程,在此基础上以笔石种Tang yagraptus typicus Mu作为建模实例进一步说明物种分布建模的详细步骤,最后概述此方法在古生物研究中的适用性及存在的问题。展开更多
In this study, we explored spatial patterns and the temporal trends in high-temperature events （HTEs） for the mainland of China dudng 1961-2014 based on a dailymaximum surface-air-temperature dataset of 494 stations...In this study, we explored spatial patterns and the temporal trends in high-temperature events （HTEs） for the mainland of China dudng 1961-2014 based on a dailymaximum surface-air-temperature dataset of 494 stations and nonparametric trend detection methods. With three thresholds of 35℃ （HTE35）, 37℃ （HTE37）, and 40℃ （HTE40）, HTEs occurred in 82%, 71%, and 37% of the surveyed stations and showed an overall increasing trend in both frequency and intensity during 1961-2014. In northern and southeastem China, HTEs showed a significant increasing trend in both frequency and intensity, whilst a decreasing trend for both was observed in central China. Despite such regional heterogeneity, HTEs overwhelmingly presented three-phase characteristics in all three representative regions and throughout China; the phases are 1961-1980, 1980-1990, and 1990-2014. Both frequency and intensity of HTEs have strongly increased during 1990-2014 at 54.86%, 48.38%, and 23.28% of the investigated stations for HTE35, HTE37 and HTE40, respectively. These findings implied that HTEs adaptation should be paid further attention in the future over China because the wide spread distribution of HTEs and their increasing trends in both frequency and intensity during recent decades might pose challenges to the sustainability of human society and the ecosystem.展开更多
基金中国科学院知识创新工程方向性项目(KZCX2-EW-111)美国自然科学基金(EAR 0418790)+4 种基金国家自然科学基金(4122100141290260和41202004)的联合资助地质生物多样性数据库项目(Geobiodiversity Databasewww.geobiodiversity.com)IGCP591项目"The Early to Middle Paleozoic Revolution"系列成果之一
文摘物种分布模型(Species distribution models,SDMs)是基于物种的生态位要求,通过将物种已知的分布数据和对应地区的环境数据联系起来,以预测该物种在不同时间和空间下的地理分布的一种数学工具。它为地史时期生物地理分布的重建、生物生态特征的分析及生物与地球环境协同演化研究等提供了一种新的途径。此方法具有研究精度高、预测效果好及应用广泛等优点,尤其适合开展高精度的古生物地理、古生态及生物宏演化等相关研究。文章着重介绍物种分布模型的基本原理及建模流程,在此基础上以笔石种Tang yagraptus typicus Mu作为建模实例进一步说明物种分布建模的详细步骤,最后概述此方法在古生物研究中的适用性及存在的问题。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41401603
文摘In this study, we explored spatial patterns and the temporal trends in high-temperature events （HTEs） for the mainland of China dudng 1961-2014 based on a dailymaximum surface-air-temperature dataset of 494 stations and nonparametric trend detection methods. With three thresholds of 35℃ （HTE35）, 37℃ （HTE37）, and 40℃ （HTE40）, HTEs occurred in 82%, 71%, and 37% of the surveyed stations and showed an overall increasing trend in both frequency and intensity during 1961-2014. In northern and southeastem China, HTEs showed a significant increasing trend in both frequency and intensity, whilst a decreasing trend for both was observed in central China. Despite such regional heterogeneity, HTEs overwhelmingly presented three-phase characteristics in all three representative regions and throughout China; the phases are 1961-1980, 1980-1990, and 1990-2014. Both frequency and intensity of HTEs have strongly increased during 1990-2014 at 54.86%, 48.38%, and 23.28% of the investigated stations for HTE35, HTE37 and HTE40, respectively. These findings implied that HTEs adaptation should be paid further attention in the future over China because the wide spread distribution of HTEs and their increasing trends in both frequency and intensity during recent decades might pose challenges to the sustainability of human society and the ecosystem.
