Snow cover provides essential resources and services for human well-being and socioeconomic development in arid areas. With the change in snow cover resulting from climate change that causes concerns about its consequ...Snow cover provides essential resources and services for human well-being and socioeconomic development in arid areas. With the change in snow cover resulting from climate change that causes concerns about its consequences, there is a pressing need to analyze and understand its impact on the benefits that people has been enjoying from snow cover. These can be derived from the variation in economic value of snow services, that are demanded to meet socioeconomic activities. Based on the average decline mass of snow cover from 1979 to 2016 in Irtysh River Basin, we use the approach by applying economic evaluation to estimate the annual value loss of snow services. Considering the decreasing trend of snow cover mass at rates of 10.2 Mt per year (p < 0.05) or 0.3% per year, the annual service loss in Irtysh River Basin is currently worth up to CN 196 million. Within it, the service loss of climate regulation contributes the most, or about CN 84.7 million. The loss of freshwater service contributes only about 19%, implying that there would be a significant underestimation of service loss if only water supply would be considered. This may cause biased decision-making when we are facing the challenges of declining services as a result of climate change, impacting on the balancing of socioeconomic development and environment conservation for the sustainability over a long term.展开更多
目的分析脑卒中康复患者脂代谢与骨密度的相关性。方法选取2018年1月—2019年4月在上海市第一康复医院神经康复中心收治的脑卒中患者111例,根据骨密度检测结果分为正常组42例,异常组(骨密度降低及骨质疏松)患者69例。比较两组患者间总...目的分析脑卒中康复患者脂代谢与骨密度的相关性。方法选取2018年1月—2019年4月在上海市第一康复医院神经康复中心收治的脑卒中患者111例,根据骨密度检测结果分为正常组42例,异常组(骨密度降低及骨质疏松)患者69例。比较两组患者间总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(high-density lipoprotein,HDL)、三酰甘油、载脂蛋白A1、载脂蛋白B等脂代谢指标水平的差异。结果两组之间血清总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白A、载脂蛋白B以及L_(1)-L_(4),股骨颈、股骨近端的骨密度差异有统计学意义。L_(1)-L_(4)的骨密度与总胆固醇(r=-0.19,P<0.001)、HDL(r=-0.35,P<0.001)、载脂蛋白A(r=-0.19,P=0.04)的水平呈负相关,与同型半胱氨酸(r=0.22,P=0.03)的水平呈正相关;股骨颈骨密度与血清HDL(r=-0.37,P<0.001)和载脂蛋白A(r=-0.29,P=0.004)呈负相关;股骨近端的骨密度与HDL(r=-0.29,P=0.001)和载脂蛋白A(r=-0.27,P=0.009)的水平呈负相关。Logistic回归分析显示,女性、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、LDL和载脂蛋白B是脑卒中患者骨密度降低的危险因素。结论骨密度异常的脑卒中康复患者的总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白A和载脂蛋白B显著高于骨密度正常组,且与各部位骨密度呈负相关。展开更多
基金Natural Science Foundation of China (41690141 and 41671058)a Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA20100305)CAS Pioneer Hundred Talents Program.
文摘Snow cover provides essential resources and services for human well-being and socioeconomic development in arid areas. With the change in snow cover resulting from climate change that causes concerns about its consequences, there is a pressing need to analyze and understand its impact on the benefits that people has been enjoying from snow cover. These can be derived from the variation in economic value of snow services, that are demanded to meet socioeconomic activities. Based on the average decline mass of snow cover from 1979 to 2016 in Irtysh River Basin, we use the approach by applying economic evaluation to estimate the annual value loss of snow services. Considering the decreasing trend of snow cover mass at rates of 10.2 Mt per year (p < 0.05) or 0.3% per year, the annual service loss in Irtysh River Basin is currently worth up to CN 196 million. Within it, the service loss of climate regulation contributes the most, or about CN 84.7 million. The loss of freshwater service contributes only about 19%, implying that there would be a significant underestimation of service loss if only water supply would be considered. This may cause biased decision-making when we are facing the challenges of declining services as a result of climate change, impacting on the balancing of socioeconomic development and environment conservation for the sustainability over a long term.
文摘目的分析脑卒中康复患者脂代谢与骨密度的相关性。方法选取2018年1月—2019年4月在上海市第一康复医院神经康复中心收治的脑卒中患者111例,根据骨密度检测结果分为正常组42例,异常组(骨密度降低及骨质疏松)患者69例。比较两组患者间总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(high-density lipoprotein,HDL)、三酰甘油、载脂蛋白A1、载脂蛋白B等脂代谢指标水平的差异。结果两组之间血清总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白A、载脂蛋白B以及L_(1)-L_(4),股骨颈、股骨近端的骨密度差异有统计学意义。L_(1)-L_(4)的骨密度与总胆固醇(r=-0.19,P<0.001)、HDL(r=-0.35,P<0.001)、载脂蛋白A(r=-0.19,P=0.04)的水平呈负相关,与同型半胱氨酸(r=0.22,P=0.03)的水平呈正相关;股骨颈骨密度与血清HDL(r=-0.37,P<0.001)和载脂蛋白A(r=-0.29,P=0.004)呈负相关;股骨近端的骨密度与HDL(r=-0.29,P=0.001)和载脂蛋白A(r=-0.27,P=0.009)的水平呈负相关。Logistic回归分析显示,女性、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、LDL和载脂蛋白B是脑卒中患者骨密度降低的危险因素。结论骨密度异常的脑卒中康复患者的总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白A和载脂蛋白B显著高于骨密度正常组,且与各部位骨密度呈负相关。
