基于ZYNQ MPSOC的以太网PHY芯片功能测试方法

随着以太网技术和集成电路技术的发展,以太网物理层(Physical Layer,PHY)芯片的速率和性能都得到了极大提升,电路复杂度更是几何级增长,以至于常规的自动测试设备(Automatic Test Equipment,ATE)测试很难充分验证其功能,所以亟需开展相应测试方法研究。提出了一种高效的基于ZYNQ MPSOC的以太网PHY芯片功能测试方法。该方法以ZYNQ MPSOC为核心,设计了一种直达应用层面的系统级测试装置,从而减少了与物理层直接交互的行为,有效降低了测试装置及程序开发难度。经试验验证,提出的基于ZYNQ MPSOC的以太网PHY芯片功能测试方法能够用于以太网PHY芯片测试。

Maintaining moderate levels of hypochlorous acid promotes neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation in the recovery phase of stroke

It has been shown clinically that continuous removal of ischemia/reperfusion-induced reactive oxygen species is not conducive to the recovery of late stroke.Indeed,previous studies have shown that excessive increases in hypochlorous acid after stroke can cause severe damage to brain tissue.Our previous studies have found that a small amount of hypochlorous acid still exists in the later stage of stroke,but its specific role and mechanism are currently unclear.To simulate stroke in vivo,a middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model was established,with an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model established in vitro to mimic stroke.We found that in the early stage(within 24 hours)of ischemic stroke,neutrophils produced a large amount of hypochlorous acid,while in the recovery phase(10 days after stroke),microglia were activated and produced a small amount of hypochlorous acid.Further,in acute stroke in rats,hypochlorous acid production was prevented using a hypochlorous acid scavenger,taurine,or myeloperoxidase inhibitor,4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide.Our results showed that high levels of hypochlorous acid(200μM)induced neuronal apoptosis after oxygen/glucose deprivation/reoxygenation.However,in the recovery phase of the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,a moderate level of hypochlorous acid promoted the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons and astrocytes.This suggests that hypochlorous acid plays different roles at different phases of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Lower levels of hypochlorous acid(5 and 100μM)promoted nuclear translocation ofβ-catenin.By transfection of single-site mutation plasmids,we found that hypochlorous acid induced chlorination of theβ-catenin tyrosine 30 residue,which promoted nuclear translocation.Altogether,our study indicates that maintaining low levels of hypochlorous acid plays a key role in the recovery of neurological function.

Establishment of an indirect immunofluorescence assay for the detection of African swine fever virus antibodies

African swine fever(ASF)continues to cause enormous economic loss to the global pig industry.Since there is no safe and effective vaccine,accurate and timely diagnosis of ASF is essential to implement control measures.Indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA)is a gold standard serological method recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health(WOAH).In this study,we used primary fetal kidney cells to establish a wild boar cell line(BK2258)that supported the efficient replication of ASF virus(ASFV)SD/DY-I/21 and showed visible cytopathic effect(CPE).Moreover,using BK2258,we established a sensitive and specific IFA for ASFV antibody detection.To standardize and evaluate the performance of this assay,we used serum samples from pigs infected with the low virulent genotype I SD/DY-I/21 and genotype II HLJ/HRB1/20,and immunized with the vaccine candidate HLJ/18-7GD,field samples,and negative serum samples.The IFA reacted with the ASFV-positive sera and displayed bright fluorescence foci.There was no non-specific green fluorescence due to cellular senescence or other cell damage-causing factors.Compared to a commercial indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(iELISA),ASFV antibodies were detected 1–4 days earlier using our IFA.The detection limits of the IFA and iELISA for the same ASFV-antibody positive serum samples were 1:25,600 and 1:6,400,respectively,indicating that the IFA is more sensitive than iELISA.The newly established IFA was highly specific and did not cross-react with sera positive for six other important porcine pathogens(i.e.,Classical swine fever virus(CSFV),Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),Porcme circovirus type 2(PCV2),Pseudorabies virus(PRV),Foot-and-Mouth disease virus type O(FMDV/O),and Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV)).This study thus provides a sensitive,specific,and reliable detection method that is suitable for the serological diagnosis of ASF.

基于关系强度理论与反馈机制的信息传播动态网络表示

现有多数网络表示学习方法不能很好地贴合真实世界的信息传播网络,且无法对信息传播动态网络的时间特性与动力学演化特征进行有效建模。提出一种新的信息传播动态网络表示模型,基于关系强度将信息传播动态网络划分为关系网络与传播网络,并分别计算变化节点对的概率密度和邻接矩阵。通过更新节点注意力强度矩阵,聚合节点邻域变化信息,并融合节点邻域变化信息、自身历史信息以及外部影响因素,对信息传播动态网络进行归纳式表示学习。引入反馈机制,将最新的节点表示反馈到邻居节点,解决网络表示不及时的问题,提升网络表示性能。实验结果表明,与Know-Evolve、DyRep、LDG等模型相比,该模型的命中率和平均排名提升显著,与LDG模型相比,其时间效率在Social Evolution数据集和Github数据集上分别提升了91.8%、87.2%。

Ischemic accumulation of succinate induces Cdc42 succinylation and inhibits neural stem cell proliferation after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion

Ischemic accumulation of succinate causes cerebral damage by excess production of reactive oxygen species. However, it is unknown whether ischemic accumulation of succinate affects neural stem cell proliferation. In this study, we established a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. We found that succinate levels increased in serum and brain tissue(cortex and hippocampus) after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation stimulated primary neural stem cells to produce abundant succinate. Succinate can be converted into diethyl succinate in cells. Exogenous diethyl succinate inhibited the proliferation of mouse-derived C17.2 neural stem cells and increased the infarct volume in the rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Exogenous diethyl succinate also increased the succinylation of the Rho family GTPase Cdc42 but repressed Cdc42 GTPase activity in C17.2 cells. Increasing Cdc42 succinylation by knockdown of the desuccinylase Sirt5 also inhibited Cdc42 GTPase activity in C17.2 cells. Our findings suggest that ischemic accumulation of succinate decreases Cdc42 GTPase activity by induction of Cdc42 succinylation, which inhibits the proliferation of neural stem cells and aggravates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

奥利司他胶囊有区分力溶出度检测法的建立及溶出曲线相似性评价

目的建立有区分能力的奥利司他胶囊溶出度检测法,评价国内6家企业与进口奥利司他胶囊溶出曲线的相似性。方法采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Thermo Hyersil GOLD C_(18)(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)柱,流动相为乙腈-水(85∶15),流速为1.0 mL·min^(-1),检测波长为195 nm,柱温为30℃,进样量为20μL。考察不同浓度十二烷基硫酸钠、不同浓度氯化钠及不同pH溶出介质对溶出曲线的影响,筛选出最佳溶出条件,并采用溶出曲线相似因子法评价溶出曲线的相似性。结果奥利司他在5.989~179.697μg·mL^(-1)范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 8),平均回收率为100.4%,RSD为1.1%(n=9)。筛选出的最佳溶出条件如下:以含1.0%十二烷基硫酸钠、0.5%氯化钠、pH 6.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液为溶出介质,在桨法、75 r·min^(-1)、介质1 000 mL的条件下开展溶出试验。国内仅1家企业产品与参比制剂的溶出曲线相似,其余5家企业产品与参比制剂相比溶出行为均不一致。结论该法能有效区分不同企业生产的奥利司他胶囊的溶出行为,对我国开展奥利司他胶囊仿制药质量与疗效一致性评价具有一定的参考意义。

不同设施栽培模式对葡萄生长和产量的影响

以武汉都市圈项目合作为契机,在湖北省天门市九真镇开展葡萄(Vitis vinifera L.)高产高效标准化技术示范,并对不同设施栽培模式(简易避雨敞棚、单膜覆盖、双膜覆盖)下的阳光玫瑰、夏黑生育性状进行比较研究。结果表明,在相同的田间种植管理模式下,双膜栽培改善1—3月低温波动较大的气温环境,使棚内日平均温度维持在葡萄萌芽生长的生物学温度(10.0℃)以上,提早打破休眠期,促进葡萄早萌芽、早开花、早成熟。双膜覆盖栽培经济效益明显提升,产投比平均为3.45∶1.00,双膜覆盖栽培的阳光玫瑰、夏黑产值分别比简易避雨敞棚增加68.01%、55.47%。合理运用3种设施栽培模式,可以延长葡萄销售期,降低集中上市的市场风险。

不同温度处理后大蒜水提取液的抑菌效果研究

目的:探讨浓度及温度对大蒜水提取液抑菌效果的影响。方法:以无菌蒸馏水作为溶剂,制备大蒜水提取液,采用平板法,测量大蒜水提取液在不同浓度和不同温度时抑制几种细菌生长的抑菌圈直径,分析两种因素下的抑菌效果。结果:不同浓度的大蒜水提取液抑菌效果不同,浓度越高,抑菌作用越强;质量百分比浓度6.3%及以上浓度的大蒜水提取液对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、乙型链球菌均有一定的抑制作用,抑制作用从强到弱依次为:金黄色葡萄球菌>枯草芽孢杆菌>乙型链球菌>大肠埃希菌;温度对大蒜水提取液的抑菌效果有影响,随着温度的升高,大蒜水提取液的抑菌作用逐渐减弱。在80℃及以上温度时,大蒜水提取液只对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌显示出较强的抑制作用。结论:大蒜水提取液体外的抑菌效果在不同浓度与不同温度时均存在差异。

肺乳头状腺瘤1例

肺乳头状腺瘤是一种罕见的肺部良性肿瘤,现将1例肺乳头状腺瘤病例进行分析并文献复习。

水稻ABA生物合成基因OsNCED3响应干旱胁迫

9-顺-环氧类胡萝卜素双加氧酶(NCED)是植物内源脱落酸(ABA)生物合成的限速酶,由NCED基因家族编码,水稻中响应干旱胁迫并以此调节ABA水平的OsNCED基因尚未见报道。本研究发现在水稻已报道的5个OsNCED基因中,OsNCED3的表达受干旱胁迫诱导,复水处理后其表达快速下调,其表达模式与此过程中内源ABA含量变化趋势一致。OsNCED3的RNAi转基因植株表现为干旱敏感,且生物量下降;而过量表达OsNCED3基因增加了水稻的抗旱性。干旱胁迫下过量表达OsNCED3的转基因株系有较高的ABA水平,同时其抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,以及逆境响应基因脱水素蛋白(Dehydrin)和胚胎发育晚期丰富蛋白(LEA)转录表达均高于野生型。下调表达OsNCED3的转基因株系则呈现相反的变化趋势。因此,OsNCED3是水稻干旱胁迫响应基因,调节了干旱环境下ABA水平和抗逆性。

长大隧道施工组织模糊评价方法及应用

系统分析了长大隧道施工组织的影响因素,建立了包括施工安全、造价、进度和环境四大因素集的隧道施工组织方案评价结构模型;进一步,基于模糊综合评价理论,提出了隧道施工组织多层次综合评价方法,并进行了实例应用。结果表明:依托工程的施工组织方案整体评价等级为“良”,能满足实际施工需要,但仍然存在一定优化空间,需加强工程地质条件、工地生活垃圾、工程运输污染三方面的相关施工组织;指出该隧道施工组织的重中之重是施工安全,影响施工组织设计效果的主要风险因素为施工进度、资源配置优化与控制,为后续施工组织优化提供了依据。

Expression of MMIF, HIF-1α and VEGF in Serum and Endometrial Tissues of Patients with Endometriosis

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor （MMIF）, hypoxia-inducible factor- 1 α（HIF- 1α ）and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） in the serum and endometrial tissues of patients with endometriosis （EM） and the clinical significance. Eighty EM patients [American Reproductive Association stage Ⅰ （n=20）, stage Ⅱ （n=22）, stage Ⅲ （n=21） and stage Ⅳ （n=17）] were enrolled and divided into mild （10- 14 points, n=28）, moderate （16-24 points, n=27） and severe （26-30 points, n=25） dysmenorrhea groups. The control group included 40 healthy women of childbearing age who underwent routine healthcare examinations in the enrolment period. The expression of MMIF, HIF- 1α and VEGF in the serum and endometrial tissues was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting, respectively. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and specificity of serum MMIF, HIF-1α, and VEGF when separately used as single indexes or jointly used as one index were examined as well. The results showed that serum concentrations of MMIF, HIF-1α, and VEGF were significantly higher in EM patients than in controls （P〈0.05）. The expression of all three proteins in both serum and endometrial tissues increased significantly with the R-AFS stage （P〈0.05） and with dysmenorrheal severity （P〈0.05）. The sensitivity and specificity of the combined detection of serum MMIF, HIF-1α, and VEGF levels were significantly higher than those of single index detection （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, the expression of MMIF, HIF-1α, and VEGF in the serum and endometrial tissues may be used to assess the stage of EM and the severity of dysmenorrhea. Combined evaluation of MMIF, HIF-1α, and VEGF significantly improves the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.

红茶菌饮料发酵工艺及保健功效研究进展

红茶菌饮料传统上是以红茶汤、蔗糖为底物,接种由醋酸菌、酵母菌、乳酸菌组成的共生菌,再经发酵制成的一种口感酸甜适宜的发酵型饮料。目前在其工艺研究上,发酵底物已不局限于单一的茶汤发酵,而是呈现出多样式选择;发酵工艺优化逐渐以获得高质量、高稳定性、适用于大规模生产的产品为目标。且研究证实,红茶菌饮料具有多种保健功效,如抗氧化性、抑菌性、护肝、降血糖、增加机体免疫力等。本文综述了红茶菌饮料工艺研究和保健功效的研究进展。

New family of piecewise smooth support vector machine

Support vector machines （SVMs） have been extensively studied and have shown remarkable success in many applications. A new family of twice continuously differentiable piecewise smooth functions are used to smooth the objective function of uncon- strained SVMs. The three-order piecewise smooth support vector machine （TPWSSVMd） is proposed. The piecewise functions can get higher and higher approximation accuracy as required with the increase of parameter d. The global convergence proof of TPWSSVMd is given with the rough set theory. TPWSSVMd can efficiently handle large scale and high dimensional problems. Nu- merical results demonstrate TPWSSVMa has better classification performance and learning efficiency than other competitive base- lines.

Oxidation and interdiffusion behavior of a germanium-modified silicide coating on an Nb–Si-based alloy

To investigate the interdiffusion behavior of Ge-modified silicide coatings on an Nb–Si-based alloy substrate,the coating was oxidized at 1250°C for 5,10,20,50,or 100 h.The interfacial diffusion between the(Nb,X)(Si,Ge)_2(X = Ti,Cr,Hf) coating and the Nb–Si based alloy was also examined.The transitional layer is composed of(Ti,Nb)_5(Si,Ge)_4 and a small amount of(Nb,X)_5(Si,Ge)_3.With increasing oxidation time,the thickness of the transitional layer increases because of the diffusion of Si from the outer layer to the substrate,which obeys a parabolic rate law.The parabolic growth rate constant of the transitional layer under oxidation conditions is 2.018 μm×h^(-1/2).Moreover,the interdiffusion coefficients of Si in the transitional layer were determined from the interdiffusion fluxes calculated directly from experimental concentration profiles.

基于位移反分析的围岩蠕变本构模型参数确定方法

针对隧道围岩蠕变参数难以确定的研究现状,在充分调研各类岩石蠕变本构方程的适用条件的基础上,选取适用于依托工程实际地质状况的蠕变本构方程。采用位移反分析的计算方法,根据现场调查所得隧道围岩监控量测数据进行参数反演,得到了典型断面所在围岩段的围岩蠕变本构方程,并进行了参数验证,结果显示计算模型所得围岩变形值与实测数据误差较小,说明了本构方程的可靠性。该计算方法思路清晰,操作简便,较为准确地反映了岩石的蠕变过程,以期对岩石蠕变参数的确定方法产生一定的参考价值。

Involvement of sulfur assimilation in the low β subunit content of soybean seed storage protein revealed by comparative transcriptome analysis

The β subunit of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed storage protein is of great significance in sulfur-containing amino acid balance and soybean processing properties. The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between the β subunit and sulfur-containing amino acid composition, and the potential regulatory mechanism. The β subunit was independently accumulated in comparison with other major subunits (α/α′, acidic, basic, and A3) during seed filling, and a low level of β subunit content (BSC) was formed during the accumulation process. In low-BSC mature seeds, crude protein, oil content, and fatty acid composition were not changed, but sulfur-containing amino acids (Cys + Met) in the low- BSC seeds increased significantly (by 31.5%), suggesting that an internal regulatory mechanism within seed might be responsible for the rebalance of seed protein composition and that sulfur assimilation might be deeply involved in β subunit accumulation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that genes involved in anabolism of cysteine, methionine, and glutathione were up-regulated but those involved in the catabolism of these compounds were down-regulated, suggesting a relationship between the elevation of methionine and glutathione and low BSC. Our study sheds light on seed composition in low BSC lines and on the potential molecular regulatory mechanism of β subunit accumulation, broadening our understanding of soybean seed protein synthesis and its regulation.

基于位流回读的硬件木马检测方法

硬件木马可以通过篡改设计、漏洞攻击等方式植入,从而破坏FPGA原始设计的功能。为了保证FPGA内部配置的可靠性,以Xilinx Virtex系列FPGA为例,对FPGA的配置存储器、配置流程等方面做了具体的介绍,并在此基础上设计并实现了基于JTAG接口的位流回读与检测系统,通过JTAG接口,完成回读操作,并对回读数据进行分析,从而判定是否受到硬件木马感染。在Xilinx Virtex 7系列FPGA上进行验证,试验结果表明该方法可以有效地检测出受感染的设计。相比于旁路分析等硬件木马检测方法,该方法具有更强的鲁棒性和更宽的覆盖范围。

Metagenomics analysis identifies oral Streptococcus as potential biomarkers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a malignancy originating from the nasopharyngeal epithelial cells.Although some studies have identified potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of NPC based on metabolomics data(Chen et al.,2023;Zhou et al.,2023)and Epstein-Barr virus subtypes(Xu et al.,2019),their effectiveness and applicability need further investigation,particularly when consideringthe roles of oral microbiota.