We used CHAMP satellite vector data and the latest IGRF12 model to investigate the regional magnetic anomalies over China's Mainland. We assumed satellite points on the same surface （307.69 km） and constructed a...We used CHAMP satellite vector data and the latest IGRF12 model to investigate the regional magnetic anomalies over China's Mainland. We assumed satellite points on the same surface （307.69 km） and constructed a spherical cap harmonic model of the satellite magnetic anomalies for elements X, Y, Z, and F over Chinese mainland for 2010.0 （SCH2010） based on selected 498 points. We removed the external field by using the CM4 model. The pole of the spherical cap is 36N° and 104°E, and its half-angle is 30°. After checking and comparing the root mean square （RMS） error of AX, AY, and AZ and X, Y, and Z, we established the truncation level at Kmax = 9. The results suggest that the created China Geomagnetic Referenced Field at the satellite level （CGRF2010） is consistent with the CM4 model. We compared the SCH2010 with other models and found that the intensities and distributions are consistent. In view of the variation off at different altitudes, the SCH2010 model results obey the basics of the geomagnetic field. Moreover, the change rate of X, Y, and Z for SCH2010 and CM4 are consistent. The proposed model can successfully reproduce the geomagnetic data, as other data-fitting models, but the inherent sources of error have to be considered as well.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the protective effects of resveratrol nanosuspensions loaded in situ hydrogel on Alzheimer disease model mice after intranasal administration. METHODS Resveratrol nanosuspensions were fabricated ...OBJECTIVE To evaluate the protective effects of resveratrol nanosuspensions loaded in situ hydrogel on Alzheimer disease model mice after intranasal administration. METHODS Resveratrol nanosuspensions were fabricated by antisolvent nano-precipitation method,and then dispersed into0.5% gellan gum to form resveratrol nanosuspenisons loaded ionic sensitive in situ hydrogel. The Alzheimer′s disease models were induced by lateral ventricle injection of Aβ_(25~35)and the protection and treatment effects of resveratrol nanosuspensions loaded in situ hydrogel on study and memory capability were performed after intranasal administration in water maze experiments. The analyses of the changes of cholinergic neurotransmitters in the brain were also determined according to the contents of acetylcholine(ACh),choline acetyltransferase(ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase(AChE). RESULTS Behavior assessment disclosed that in position navigation,escape latency test,each of experimental animals showed a decreased trend with swim training days increase,indicating that in the training process they had the ability of learning and memory in looking for the platform. Compared with the control group,average latency of model group significantly increased. While compared with the model group,treatment group′s average latency was significantly shorter. Space exploration experiment results showed that the times of model group across target quadrant of the platform is less than that of control group. But the crossing times of treatment group with resveratrol increased compared with the model group. As for the changes of cholinergic neurotransmitters,in AD mice brain ACh content decreased; the Ch AT activity decreased,while the activity of ACh E with the ability to hydrolysis acetylcholine increased. The administration of resveratrol can decrease the activity of ACh enzymes but increase Ch AT activity and the levels of acetylcholine. CONCLUSION Resveratrol nanosuspension loaded in situ gel can ameliorate the declining ability of learning and memory of AD model mice after intranasal administration. As a promising approach for the treatment of central nervous system(CNS) disease,intranasal administration route can effectively deliver to the brain and thus enhance the therapeutic effect.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41404053)Special Project for MeteoScientifi c Research in the Public Interest(No.GYHY201306073)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20140994)the Natural Science Foundation of Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(No.14KJB170012)the Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates of NUIST(No.201510300178)
文摘We used CHAMP satellite vector data and the latest IGRF12 model to investigate the regional magnetic anomalies over China's Mainland. We assumed satellite points on the same surface （307.69 km） and constructed a spherical cap harmonic model of the satellite magnetic anomalies for elements X, Y, Z, and F over Chinese mainland for 2010.0 （SCH2010） based on selected 498 points. We removed the external field by using the CM4 model. The pole of the spherical cap is 36N° and 104°E, and its half-angle is 30°. After checking and comparing the root mean square （RMS） error of AX, AY, and AZ and X, Y, and Z, we established the truncation level at Kmax = 9. The results suggest that the created China Geomagnetic Referenced Field at the satellite level （CGRF2010） is consistent with the CM4 model. We compared the SCH2010 with other models and found that the intensities and distributions are consistent. In view of the variation off at different altitudes, the SCH2010 model results obey the basics of the geomagnetic field. Moreover, the change rate of X, Y, and Z for SCH2010 and CM4 are consistent. The proposed model can successfully reproduce the geomagnetic data, as other data-fitting models, but the inherent sources of error have to be considered as well.
基金The project supported by the National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(201610439108)
文摘OBJECTIVE To evaluate the protective effects of resveratrol nanosuspensions loaded in situ hydrogel on Alzheimer disease model mice after intranasal administration. METHODS Resveratrol nanosuspensions were fabricated by antisolvent nano-precipitation method,and then dispersed into0.5% gellan gum to form resveratrol nanosuspenisons loaded ionic sensitive in situ hydrogel. The Alzheimer′s disease models were induced by lateral ventricle injection of Aβ_(25~35)and the protection and treatment effects of resveratrol nanosuspensions loaded in situ hydrogel on study and memory capability were performed after intranasal administration in water maze experiments. The analyses of the changes of cholinergic neurotransmitters in the brain were also determined according to the contents of acetylcholine(ACh),choline acetyltransferase(ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase(AChE). RESULTS Behavior assessment disclosed that in position navigation,escape latency test,each of experimental animals showed a decreased trend with swim training days increase,indicating that in the training process they had the ability of learning and memory in looking for the platform. Compared with the control group,average latency of model group significantly increased. While compared with the model group,treatment group′s average latency was significantly shorter. Space exploration experiment results showed that the times of model group across target quadrant of the platform is less than that of control group. But the crossing times of treatment group with resveratrol increased compared with the model group. As for the changes of cholinergic neurotransmitters,in AD mice brain ACh content decreased; the Ch AT activity decreased,while the activity of ACh E with the ability to hydrolysis acetylcholine increased. The administration of resveratrol can decrease the activity of ACh enzymes but increase Ch AT activity and the levels of acetylcholine. CONCLUSION Resveratrol nanosuspension loaded in situ gel can ameliorate the declining ability of learning and memory of AD model mice after intranasal administration. As a promising approach for the treatment of central nervous system(CNS) disease,intranasal administration route can effectively deliver to the brain and thus enhance the therapeutic effect.
