Hyoscyamine-producing marine Actinomycetes from Lagos Lagoon sediment

Objective:To isolate and screen Actinoniycetes from Lagos Lagoon soil sediments for production of bioactive metabolites.Methods:Sediment samples were collected from four different locations of Lagos Lagoon and were dried for 2 weeks after which the Actinoniycetes were isolated by serial dilution using the spread plate method on starch casein and Kuster's agar supplemented with 80 ug/mL cycloheximide to prevent fungal growth.The plates were incubated at 28 C for 1-2 weeks.Isolates were selected based on their colonial characteristics as well as their Gram's reaction and subciiltured using the same media for isolation until pure cultures were obtained and incubated at 28 C for 3 d.Thereafter,they were inoculated into starch casein and Kuster's broth media and incubated for 8 d.The secondary metabolites were screened for antimicrobial activity against the following microorganisms:methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213.Escherichia coli ATCC 29522.Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853.Candida albicans and Enterocolitis faecal is ATCC 29212.Coagulasenegative staphylococci isolated from HIV patients were also used(Staphylococcus warneri.Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus epidennidis).The antimicrobial metabolites of the Actinoniycetes isolates were identified using gas chromatography(GC).Results:Crude extracts of isolates showed antimicrobial activity against some of the test organisms.The GC data analysis showed the antibiotic profile of these isolates.Conclusions:Analysis of the crude extracts of the isolates using GC method,revealed the presence of antibiotics including an anticholinergic hyoscyamine among other conclusions.

Himalomycin A and cycloheximide-producing marine actinomycete from Lagos Lagoon soil sediment

Objective:To isolate and screen Actinomycetes from Lagos Lagoon soil sediments for antibiotic production.Methods:Soil samples were collected from four different locations of Lagos Lagoon and were dried for 2 weeks.Actinomycetes were isolated by serial dilution using spread plate method on starch casein and Kuster’s agar supplemented with 80μg/mL cycloheximide to prevent fungal growth.The plates were incubated at 28°C for 1-2 weeks.Isolates were selected based on their cultural characteristics as well as their Gram’s reaction and subcultured on same media for isolation and incubated at 28°C for 3 days.Pure cultures were maintained on nutrient agar slants at 4°C.Thereafter,they were inoculated into starch casein and Kuster’s broth media and incubated at 28°C for 8 days.The resulting crude extracts were screened for antimicrobial activity against the following microorganisms:methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213,Escherichia coli ATCC 29522,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853,Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212.Coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from HIV patients were also used(Staphylococcus warneri,Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus epidermidis).Extraction of secondary metabolites was carried out and analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer.Results:All the isolates displayed varying antimicrobial activity against at least one of the test organisms.Himalomycin A was identified in the extract from isolate ULS7.The gas chromatography-mass spectrometer data analysis showed the antibiotic profile of these isolates.Conclusions:The isolate ULS7 was found to display the highest antimicrobial activity against the test organisms.

Antimethicilin resistance agents from marine actinomycetes from soil sediments of Lagos Lagoon

Objective:To evaluate the isolation of actinomycetes strains with potential for producing antimicrobials with high methicilin resistance capability.Methods:The soil samples were collected from four different locations of Lagos lagoon.The Actinomycetes were isolated from the samples by serial dilution using spread plate method.Isolates were selected based on their cultural characteristics as well as their Gram reaction and phenotypically and molecularly characterized Streptomyces sp.Isolates were inoculated in starch casein and Kuster’s broth media and secondary metabolites were screened for antimicrobial activity against the following microorganisms:methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213,Escherichia coli ATCC 29522,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853,Candida albicans,Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212.Coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from HIV patients were also used(Staphylococcus warneri,Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus epidermidis).The antimicrobial metabolites of the isolates were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer.Results:Extracts from isolates ULS12 and ULS13 showed antimicrobial activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus while ULK3 inhibited Candida albicans only.The gas chromatography-mass spectrometer data analysis showed the antibiotic profile of these isolates.Conclusions:The isolates ULS12 and ULS13 were found to display the highest antimicrobial activity against the test organisms and could be a potential source of new antibiotics.