Background Diversity of orthopedic infections with various local environments affects the pattern and prevalence of pathogens.It is not well-characterized whether different pathogens have different propensity to cause...Background Diversity of orthopedic infections with various local environments affects the pattern and prevalence of pathogens.It is not well-characterized whether different pathogens have different propensity to cause different types of orthopedic infections.We aimed to investigate the frequency of different pathogens derived from orthopedic infections,and determine the relationship between the prevalence of clinical isolates and the type of orthopedic implants,especially focusing on staphylococci.Methods From January 2006 to December 2011,orthopedic infections were identified retrospectively from clinical microbiology laboratory and orthopedic medical records.The sources of orthopedic infections were divided into two main groups：those associated with implants and those not associated with implants.Implants-associated infections were further subdivided into five subgroups：arthroplasty,internal fixation,external fixation,internal and external fixation,and others.We analyzed microbiological spectrum in different groups and subgroups.Antibiotic susceptibility of staphylococci was analyzed.Results Only coagulase-negative staphylococci （CoNS） was significantly more likely to be associated with implantsassociated infections （P=0.029）.The overall pathogens prevalence of arthroplasty was significantly different from other subgroups （P 〈0.05）.65% isolates from external fixation was Gram-negative bacteria.Some percentage （55%） of S.aureus and （83%） CoNS were resistant to methicillin.No resistance to glycopeptide was seen in all of staphylococci.Conclusions Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent isolates in orthopedic infections but was not associated with the presence or absence of implants.Only CoNS was implants-associated,especially for arthroplasty infection.Cefazolin alone is not enough for orthopedic surgery prophylaxis in settings with a high prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci.展开更多
文摘目的比较采用高或低限制性假体对初次全膝关节置换术后假体周围关节感染(periprosthetic joint infection,PJI)二期翻修术后膝关节功能及感染控制效果的影响。方法回顾性分析2019年2月至2022年2月于上海交通大学附属第六人民医院接受全膝关节翻修术的患者40例,按照初次全膝关节置换假体的种类分为低限制性假体组和高限制性假体组。低限制性假体组28例(28膝),男12例、女16例,年龄69.0(63.0,74.0)岁,体质指数为(25.18±0.55)kg/m^(2);高限制性假体组12例(12膝),男5例、女7例,年龄66.5(65.0,71.5)岁,体质指数为(23.94±0.51)kg/m^(2)。均采用二期翻修术治疗,低限制性假体组1例使用旋转铰链膝RHK、27例使用髁限制性假体LCCK;高限制性假体组3例使用旋转铰链膝RHK、1例使用髁限制性假体PFC Sigma MBT、8例使用髁限制性假体LCCK。比较两组患者手术前后的关节活动度(range of motion,ROM)、美国膝关节协会评分(Knee Society score,KSS)以及术后感染控制率等。结果所有患者均获得随访,低限制性假体组随访时间为(22.79±8.02)个月,高限制性假体组为(23.92±7.04)个月,差异无统计学意义(t=0.426,P=0.680)。末次随访时低限制性假体组的KSS评分和ROM分别为(77.96±9.74)分和93.48°±7.45°,均高于术前的(38.93±8.01)分和68.89°±9.44°(P<0.05);高限制性假体组分别为(67.83±8.31)分和80.08°±5.89°,均高于术前的(34.25±6.31)分和66.50°±10.48°(P<0.05);两组患者KSS评分和ROM术前差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),末次随访时低限制性假体组均高于高限制性假体组(P<0.05)。细菌培养结果显示感染的主要细菌为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌,总体感染控制率为80%(32/40),其中低限制性假体组的感染控制率为89%(25/28),高限制性假体组为58%(7/12),差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.283,P=0.070)。结论二期翻修能有效控制全膝关节术后假体周围感染,且使用高限制性假体的初次全膝关节置换术后PJI二期翻修术后的膝关节功能较使用低限制性假体效果更差。
文摘Background Diversity of orthopedic infections with various local environments affects the pattern and prevalence of pathogens.It is not well-characterized whether different pathogens have different propensity to cause different types of orthopedic infections.We aimed to investigate the frequency of different pathogens derived from orthopedic infections,and determine the relationship between the prevalence of clinical isolates and the type of orthopedic implants,especially focusing on staphylococci.Methods From January 2006 to December 2011,orthopedic infections were identified retrospectively from clinical microbiology laboratory and orthopedic medical records.The sources of orthopedic infections were divided into two main groups：those associated with implants and those not associated with implants.Implants-associated infections were further subdivided into five subgroups：arthroplasty,internal fixation,external fixation,internal and external fixation,and others.We analyzed microbiological spectrum in different groups and subgroups.Antibiotic susceptibility of staphylococci was analyzed.Results Only coagulase-negative staphylococci （CoNS） was significantly more likely to be associated with implantsassociated infections （P=0.029）.The overall pathogens prevalence of arthroplasty was significantly different from other subgroups （P 〈0.05）.65% isolates from external fixation was Gram-negative bacteria.Some percentage （55%） of S.aureus and （83%） CoNS were resistant to methicillin.No resistance to glycopeptide was seen in all of staphylococci.Conclusions Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent isolates in orthopedic infections but was not associated with the presence or absence of implants.Only CoNS was implants-associated,especially for arthroplasty infection.Cefazolin alone is not enough for orthopedic surgery prophylaxis in settings with a high prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci.
