为研究界面黏着,利用表面力仪在高离子强度电解质水溶液中测量负电云母表面之间的法向力.在纯水中,因范德华吸引,两表面跳跃至直接接触(间距0A),分离两表面时测得界面黏着力为-46.7 m N/m.在0.1 mol/L K_(2)SO_(4)中,因K^(+)离子牢固吸...为研究界面黏着,利用表面力仪在高离子强度电解质水溶液中测量负电云母表面之间的法向力.在纯水中,因范德华吸引,两表面跳跃至直接接触(间距0A),分离两表面时测得界面黏着力为-46.7 m N/m.在0.1 mol/L K_(2)SO_(4)中,因K^(+)离子牢固吸附于云母,表面间距稳定于5A,黏着力仅-2.9 m N/m;在0.1 mol/L Ca(NO_(3))_(2)中,云母表面吸附的Ca^(2+)离子产生显著短程水合排斥,但在较低载荷下解吸附,导致两表面直接接触,黏着力高达-40.7 m N/m.加入Ca(OH)_(2)于0.1 mol/L K_(2)SO_(4)仅产生微弱短程排斥,黏着状态几乎与纯K_(2)SO_(4)水溶液中相同.聚电解质PCE从0.1 mol/L K_(2)SO_(4)中吸附于云母表面且诱导远程空间位阻排斥,但在中等载荷下解吸附,导致两表面轻度黏着(间距5A);牢固吸附于云母表面的PNS高分子薄膜之间的空间位阻完全阻止云母界面黏着.牢固吸附是电解质吸附层稳定阻止界面黏着的必要条件.展开更多
Objective:Kidney cancer is a group of cancers occurred in the kidney.Hypoxia is a condition characterized by insuff-cient oxygen supply in the body or specifie organs.It has been proven to play an essential role in th...Objective:Kidney cancer is a group of cancers occurred in the kidney.Hypoxia is a condition characterized by insuff-cient oxygen supply in the body or specifie organs.It has been proven to play an essential role in the pathogenesis and development of various cancer.However,the roles and mechanisms of hypoxia in kidney cancer have not been investigated clearly.In this study,we comprehensively analyzed the roles of hypoxia in kidney cancer.Methods:The RNA-Seq data of kidney cancer were downloaded from TCGA dataset.The survival of patients with diffentially expressed hypoxia-related genes was analyzed with the survival package.The prognostic value of hypoxia-related genes was evaluated with univariate Cox regression analysis.The correlation of hypoxia-related genes to immune ells infiltration and gene mutation in kidney cancer was assessed.We identifed 7 hypoxia-related genes of kidney cancer,with which we developed a hypoxia-related genes-based prognostic index using multivariate Cox regression analysis to establish the prog-nostic model.Results:The high-risk group showed lower survival compared with the low-risk group.HRGPI was an independent pre-dictor of kidney cancer,and it was associated with malignant stages.Hypoxia-related genes were correlated to activation of inflammatory pathways,infiltration of inflammatory ellls,and expression of inhibitory immune checkpoints,indicat ing that hypoxia was related to im-mune response in kidney cancer.Lastly,we found that hypoxia was related to missense mutation in kidney cancer.Conclusion:Hy-poxia is a risk factor of kidney cancer.It can be regarded as the prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for the treatment of kidney cancer in the future.展开更多
文摘为研究界面黏着,利用表面力仪在高离子强度电解质水溶液中测量负电云母表面之间的法向力.在纯水中,因范德华吸引,两表面跳跃至直接接触(间距0A),分离两表面时测得界面黏着力为-46.7 m N/m.在0.1 mol/L K_(2)SO_(4)中,因K^(+)离子牢固吸附于云母,表面间距稳定于5A,黏着力仅-2.9 m N/m;在0.1 mol/L Ca(NO_(3))_(2)中,云母表面吸附的Ca^(2+)离子产生显著短程水合排斥,但在较低载荷下解吸附,导致两表面直接接触,黏着力高达-40.7 m N/m.加入Ca(OH)_(2)于0.1 mol/L K_(2)SO_(4)仅产生微弱短程排斥,黏着状态几乎与纯K_(2)SO_(4)水溶液中相同.聚电解质PCE从0.1 mol/L K_(2)SO_(4)中吸附于云母表面且诱导远程空间位阻排斥,但在中等载荷下解吸附,导致两表面轻度黏着(间距5A);牢固吸附于云母表面的PNS高分子薄膜之间的空间位阻完全阻止云母界面黏着.牢固吸附是电解质吸附层稳定阻止界面黏着的必要条件.
基金This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81430099)by grants from Bejjing University of Chinese Mediceine(No.BUCM-2019-JCRC006,No.2019-JYB-TD013).
文摘Objective:Kidney cancer is a group of cancers occurred in the kidney.Hypoxia is a condition characterized by insuff-cient oxygen supply in the body or specifie organs.It has been proven to play an essential role in the pathogenesis and development of various cancer.However,the roles and mechanisms of hypoxia in kidney cancer have not been investigated clearly.In this study,we comprehensively analyzed the roles of hypoxia in kidney cancer.Methods:The RNA-Seq data of kidney cancer were downloaded from TCGA dataset.The survival of patients with diffentially expressed hypoxia-related genes was analyzed with the survival package.The prognostic value of hypoxia-related genes was evaluated with univariate Cox regression analysis.The correlation of hypoxia-related genes to immune ells infiltration and gene mutation in kidney cancer was assessed.We identifed 7 hypoxia-related genes of kidney cancer,with which we developed a hypoxia-related genes-based prognostic index using multivariate Cox regression analysis to establish the prog-nostic model.Results:The high-risk group showed lower survival compared with the low-risk group.HRGPI was an independent pre-dictor of kidney cancer,and it was associated with malignant stages.Hypoxia-related genes were correlated to activation of inflammatory pathways,infiltration of inflammatory ellls,and expression of inhibitory immune checkpoints,indicat ing that hypoxia was related to im-mune response in kidney cancer.Lastly,we found that hypoxia was related to missense mutation in kidney cancer.Conclusion:Hy-poxia is a risk factor of kidney cancer.It can be regarded as the prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for the treatment of kidney cancer in the future.
