Proverbs are summaries of people’s life experiences with profound philosophies,among which animal proverbs are universally and frequently used in various languages.This paper analyzes the similarities and differences...Proverbs are summaries of people’s life experiences with profound philosophies,among which animal proverbs are universally and frequently used in various languages.This paper analyzes the similarities and differences in the meanings of several representative animal metaphors in the proverbs of English,Chinese,and German,and discusses the potential reasons of their formation and the cultures involved.This paper provides learners with examples of understanding culture-loaded animal proverbs.展开更多
为了研究干扰素刺激基因1(Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1,IFIT1)在蓝舌病病毒1型(Bluetongue virus serotype 1,BTV1)感染复制过程中的作用,首先利用实时定量PCR检测到BTV1感染绵羊睾丸细胞后IFIT1基因...为了研究干扰素刺激基因1(Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1,IFIT1)在蓝舌病病毒1型(Bluetongue virus serotype 1,BTV1)感染复制过程中的作用,首先利用实时定量PCR检测到BTV1感染绵羊睾丸细胞后IFIT1基因的转录水平明显升高,利用RT-PCR方法扩增获得羊IFIT1基因,测序后进行生物信息学分析,将其克隆到质粒载体pcDNA3.1/(+)上,构建重组表达质粒pcDNA3.1-OV-IFIT1,将其转染BHK-21细胞,观察到IFIT1基因在细胞内的成功表达,然后利用BTV1感染质粒pcDNA3.1-OV-IFIT1转染的细胞,从病毒的mRNA转录、蛋白表达和病毒滴度的变化评价IFIT1对BTV1复制的影响。结果显示,IFIT1在细胞中的过表达可显著抑制BTV1复制,相反,敲低IFIT1的表达可促进BTV1的复制。本研究首次报道了干扰素刺激基因IFIT1在BTV1感染复制过程中的作用,这将有助于揭示BTV1和宿主细胞IFIT1的相互作用机制,同时也为抗病毒药物研发提供了理论指导。展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect of chrysanthemum extract on myocardial fibrosis in rats with renovascular hypertension, and explore the possible mechanism underlying this effect.METHODS: Sixty Wistar r...OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect of chrysanthemum extract on myocardial fibrosis in rats with renovascular hypertension, and explore the possible mechanism underlying this effect.METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham operation, model, positive control, and low-, medium-, and high-dose Huai chrysanthemum extract groups(ten rats per group). With the exception of the sham operation group, a renal hypertensive model was established in rats using the 'two-kidney, one clip' method. After 6 weeks, low-, medium-, and high-dose groups were intragastrically administered chrysanthemum extract at 1, 2, or 4 g/kg, respectively, once daily for 4 weeks. The positive control group was administered Kato Pury at 50 mg/kg once daily for 4 weeks,while sham operation and model groups received an equal volume of distilled water once daily for 4 weeks. Blood pressure changes were examined before modeling, 6 weeks after modeling, and after 4 weeks of treatment administration. Ventricular remodeling indexes were measured by high frequency echocardiography after 4 weeks of treatment administration. Pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson’s trichrome staining methods. Collagen type sion were eⅠxa(Col minedⅠ) and type Ⅲ(Col Ⅲ) expres by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1), sma mad 3(Smad3),Smad7, Ras homolog gene family, member A(RhoA), and Rho-associated protein kinase 1(ROCK1) protein expression were detected by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with the model group, chrysanthemum-administered groups and the positive control group showed significant improvement of arterial blood pressure, echocardiography indicators, and degree of myocardial fibrosis(P < 0.05). In addition, these groups exhibited decreased expression of Col Ⅰ, Col Smad3, and increaseⅢ, RhoA, ROCK1, TGF-β1, and d Smad7 expression. Such improvements were most obvious in the high-dose chrysanthemum extract group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Chrysanthemum extract could effectively reduce myocardial fibrosis in rats with renovascular hypertension by a mechanism that potentially involves inhibition of RhoA/ROCK1 and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathways.展开更多
蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)是我国东北地区重要的生态树种,为揭示氮沉降加剧背景下东北地区蒙古栎幼苗对氮添加的响应机制,以吉林省舒兰市地区人工造林的蒙古栎幼苗为研究对象,设置空白对照(CK:0 kg hm^(-2)a^(-1)),低氮(LN:50 kg hm^(-...蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)是我国东北地区重要的生态树种,为揭示氮沉降加剧背景下东北地区蒙古栎幼苗对氮添加的响应机制,以吉林省舒兰市地区人工造林的蒙古栎幼苗为研究对象,设置空白对照(CK:0 kg hm^(-2)a^(-1)),低氮(LN:50 kg hm^(-2)a^(-1))和高氮(HN:100 kg hm^(-2)a^(-1))3种氮梯度,从光合荧光性状入手揭示蒙古栎幼苗光合生理生态特征随氮添加的变化.结果表明:(1)与对照相比,低氮组蒙古栎幼苗苗高增加了8.68%,地径增加了23.34%.(2)幼苗叶片叶绿素归一化指数和修正红边单比指数均为低氮最高,对照样地最低,且3种处理相互间差异均显著.结构不敏感植被光谱指数施氮下显著高于对照,且低氮与高氮间差异不显著.(3)光合参数中幼苗的最大净光合速率与对照组的12.59μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)相比,低氮组增长为14.47μmol m^(-2)s^(-1),高氮组下降至11.67μmol m^(-2)s^(-1),气孔导度与最大净光合速率呈正相关.(4)叶片磷含量施氮处理较对照显著降低,对照样地氮磷比小于14,低氮和高氮处理大于14,不同氮处理下植株叶片碳、氮、钙含量无显著差异.(5)高氮下实际光化学效率、PSⅡ的非循环光合电子传递速率、光化学淬灭系数与PSⅡ反应中心受体侧质体醌库的大小显著降低,非光化学淬灭系数值提高.本研究表明,蒙古栎幼苗在低氮浓度下叶绿素含量显著上升使得植株光合速率加快,促进植株的生长;高氮环境下受气孔限制、电子传递能力的减弱以及捕获的光能以荧光及热形式耗散增加,使得植株光合及生长受到明显的抑制.本研究揭示了蒙古栎幼苗对不同氮浓度的响应机制,可为我国东北地区人工造林时蒙古栎树种的应用提供参考.展开更多
基金supported by Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology(Project No.:XJ2022236).
文摘Proverbs are summaries of people’s life experiences with profound philosophies,among which animal proverbs are universally and frequently used in various languages.This paper analyzes the similarities and differences in the meanings of several representative animal metaphors in the proverbs of English,Chinese,and German,and discusses the potential reasons of their formation and the cultures involved.This paper provides learners with examples of understanding culture-loaded animal proverbs.
文摘为了研究干扰素刺激基因1(Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1,IFIT1)在蓝舌病病毒1型(Bluetongue virus serotype 1,BTV1)感染复制过程中的作用,首先利用实时定量PCR检测到BTV1感染绵羊睾丸细胞后IFIT1基因的转录水平明显升高,利用RT-PCR方法扩增获得羊IFIT1基因,测序后进行生物信息学分析,将其克隆到质粒载体pcDNA3.1/(+)上,构建重组表达质粒pcDNA3.1-OV-IFIT1,将其转染BHK-21细胞,观察到IFIT1基因在细胞内的成功表达,然后利用BTV1感染质粒pcDNA3.1-OV-IFIT1转染的细胞,从病毒的mRNA转录、蛋白表达和病毒滴度的变化评价IFIT1对BTV1复制的影响。结果显示,IFIT1在细胞中的过表达可显著抑制BTV1复制,相反,敲低IFIT1的表达可促进BTV1的复制。本研究首次报道了干扰素刺激基因IFIT1在BTV1感染复制过程中的作用,这将有助于揭示BTV1和宿主细胞IFIT1的相互作用机制,同时也为抗病毒药物研发提供了理论指导。
基金Supported by the Project for Science and Technology of Henan Provincial Science and Technology Department in2016(No.162102310101)the Key Project of Henan Provincial Department of Education in Colleges and Universities in 2018(No.18A360002)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect of chrysanthemum extract on myocardial fibrosis in rats with renovascular hypertension, and explore the possible mechanism underlying this effect.METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham operation, model, positive control, and low-, medium-, and high-dose Huai chrysanthemum extract groups(ten rats per group). With the exception of the sham operation group, a renal hypertensive model was established in rats using the 'two-kidney, one clip' method. After 6 weeks, low-, medium-, and high-dose groups were intragastrically administered chrysanthemum extract at 1, 2, or 4 g/kg, respectively, once daily for 4 weeks. The positive control group was administered Kato Pury at 50 mg/kg once daily for 4 weeks,while sham operation and model groups received an equal volume of distilled water once daily for 4 weeks. Blood pressure changes were examined before modeling, 6 weeks after modeling, and after 4 weeks of treatment administration. Ventricular remodeling indexes were measured by high frequency echocardiography after 4 weeks of treatment administration. Pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson’s trichrome staining methods. Collagen type sion were eⅠxa(Col minedⅠ) and type Ⅲ(Col Ⅲ) expres by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1), sma mad 3(Smad3),Smad7, Ras homolog gene family, member A(RhoA), and Rho-associated protein kinase 1(ROCK1) protein expression were detected by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with the model group, chrysanthemum-administered groups and the positive control group showed significant improvement of arterial blood pressure, echocardiography indicators, and degree of myocardial fibrosis(P < 0.05). In addition, these groups exhibited decreased expression of Col Ⅰ, Col Smad3, and increaseⅢ, RhoA, ROCK1, TGF-β1, and d Smad7 expression. Such improvements were most obvious in the high-dose chrysanthemum extract group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Chrysanthemum extract could effectively reduce myocardial fibrosis in rats with renovascular hypertension by a mechanism that potentially involves inhibition of RhoA/ROCK1 and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathways.
文摘蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)是我国东北地区重要的生态树种,为揭示氮沉降加剧背景下东北地区蒙古栎幼苗对氮添加的响应机制,以吉林省舒兰市地区人工造林的蒙古栎幼苗为研究对象,设置空白对照(CK:0 kg hm^(-2)a^(-1)),低氮(LN:50 kg hm^(-2)a^(-1))和高氮(HN:100 kg hm^(-2)a^(-1))3种氮梯度,从光合荧光性状入手揭示蒙古栎幼苗光合生理生态特征随氮添加的变化.结果表明:(1)与对照相比,低氮组蒙古栎幼苗苗高增加了8.68%,地径增加了23.34%.(2)幼苗叶片叶绿素归一化指数和修正红边单比指数均为低氮最高,对照样地最低,且3种处理相互间差异均显著.结构不敏感植被光谱指数施氮下显著高于对照,且低氮与高氮间差异不显著.(3)光合参数中幼苗的最大净光合速率与对照组的12.59μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)相比,低氮组增长为14.47μmol m^(-2)s^(-1),高氮组下降至11.67μmol m^(-2)s^(-1),气孔导度与最大净光合速率呈正相关.(4)叶片磷含量施氮处理较对照显著降低,对照样地氮磷比小于14,低氮和高氮处理大于14,不同氮处理下植株叶片碳、氮、钙含量无显著差异.(5)高氮下实际光化学效率、PSⅡ的非循环光合电子传递速率、光化学淬灭系数与PSⅡ反应中心受体侧质体醌库的大小显著降低,非光化学淬灭系数值提高.本研究表明,蒙古栎幼苗在低氮浓度下叶绿素含量显著上升使得植株光合速率加快,促进植株的生长;高氮环境下受气孔限制、电子传递能力的减弱以及捕获的光能以荧光及热形式耗散增加,使得植株光合及生长受到明显的抑制.本研究揭示了蒙古栎幼苗对不同氮浓度的响应机制,可为我国东北地区人工造林时蒙古栎树种的应用提供参考.