The mucosal immune system defends against a vast array of pathogens, yet it exhibits limited responses to commensal microorganisms under healthy conditions. The oral-pharyngeal cavity, the gateway for both the gastroi...The mucosal immune system defends against a vast array of pathogens, yet it exhibits limited responses to commensal microorganisms under healthy conditions. The oral-pharyngeal cavity, the gateway for both the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, is composed of complex anatomical structures and is constantly challenged by antigens from air and food. The mucosal immune system of the oral-pharyngeal cavity must prevent pathogen entry while maintaining immune homeostasis, which is achieved via a range of mechanisms that are similar or different to those utilized by the gastrointestinal immune system. In this review, we summarize the features of the mucosal immune system,focusing on T cell subsets and their functions. We also discuss our current understanding of the oral-pharyngeal mucosal immune system.展开更多
At present,the grape and cherry industries in Shandong are in the leading position in China and have driven the development of related high-end manufacturing industries such as wine,brandy,preserved fruit processing,f...At present,the grape and cherry industries in Shandong are in the leading position in China and have driven the development of related high-end manufacturing industries such as wine,brandy,preserved fruit processing,fruit juice processing and health products. Therefore,vigorously developing the grape and cherry industries in Shandong Province and carrying out development and innovation are important parts of Shandong Province in responding to the strategy of national new and old kinetic energy conversion. However,currently the germplasm resources preserved in the fruit tree resources banks in China are only 45% of those in the US and 27. 2% of those in the EU. Moreover,the development of fruit trees resources banks in Shandong is relatively backward in China,and there is still no banks related with grape and cherry germplasm resources in Shandong. Therefore,importance can be attached to the agriculture,forestry,and animal husbandry to build germplasm resources banks for grape and cherry industries in Shandong Province. Building the national-level grape and cherry germplasm resources bank in Shandong Province can also promote the utilization of wild and farm germplasm resources in the future; advance the research on the genes related to disease resistance,stress resistance and quality of grapes and cherries; push forward the construction and development of cherry and grape mutants banks. It is conducive to the research on the agronomic traits of grapes and cherries,and can provide the parents resources for planting innovation and improving the quality of grapes and cherries,as well as promote the development and application of molecular markers of grapes and cherries,including the identification of lines and crossbreeding. Thereby,it cannot only promote the industry development,but also achieve the development of cultivation,breeding and basic research in an all-round way and the development of " production,study and research" going side by side.展开更多
Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are critical for immune regulation.Although several microRNAs(miRNAs)have been shown to participate in autoimmune pathogenesis by affecting lymphocyte development and function,the roles of ...Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are critical for immune regulation.Although several microRNAs(miRNAs)have been shown to participate in autoimmune pathogenesis by affecting lymphocyte development and function,the roles of miRNAs in MSC dysfunction in autoimmune diseases remain unclear.Here,we show that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)display a unique miRNA signature in bone marrow-derived MSCs(BMSCs)compared with normal controls,among which miR-663 is closely associated with SLE disease activity.MiR-663 inhibits the proliferation and migration of BMSCs and impairs BMSC-mediated downregulation of follicular T helper(Tfh)cells and upregulation of regulatory T(Treg)cells by targeting transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1).MiR-663 overexpression weakens the therapeutic effect of BMSCs,while miR-663 inhibition improves the remission of lupus disease in MRL/lpr mice.Thus,miR-663 is a key mediator of SLE BMSC regulation and may serve as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of lupus.展开更多
基金supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of HealthNational Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, USA+1 种基金supported by grant 2012DFA31370 from the International S&T Cooperation Program of Chinathe National Nature Science Foundation of China (81321002)
文摘The mucosal immune system defends against a vast array of pathogens, yet it exhibits limited responses to commensal microorganisms under healthy conditions. The oral-pharyngeal cavity, the gateway for both the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, is composed of complex anatomical structures and is constantly challenged by antigens from air and food. The mucosal immune system of the oral-pharyngeal cavity must prevent pathogen entry while maintaining immune homeostasis, which is achieved via a range of mechanisms that are similar or different to those utilized by the gastrointestinal immune system. In this review, we summarize the features of the mucosal immune system,focusing on T cell subsets and their functions. We also discuss our current understanding of the oral-pharyngeal mucosal immune system.
基金supported by the Agricultural scientific and technological innovation project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2016D01)Agricultural scientific and technological innovation project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences-cultivating project for National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2018"identification and function research of Vitis vinifera and Vitis amurensis cold stress response-related micro RNAs"+2 种基金Major Agricultural Application Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province"Research and Application of Precision Control of Maturation and Product Innovation of Featured Brewing Grape"Major Agricultural Application Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province"Development of Landmark Wines and Integrated Application of Key Technologies in Shandong Province"Fruit innovation team of modern agricultural industry technology system in Shandong Province-Jinan comprehensive test station(SDAIT-06-21)
文摘At present,the grape and cherry industries in Shandong are in the leading position in China and have driven the development of related high-end manufacturing industries such as wine,brandy,preserved fruit processing,fruit juice processing and health products. Therefore,vigorously developing the grape and cherry industries in Shandong Province and carrying out development and innovation are important parts of Shandong Province in responding to the strategy of national new and old kinetic energy conversion. However,currently the germplasm resources preserved in the fruit tree resources banks in China are only 45% of those in the US and 27. 2% of those in the EU. Moreover,the development of fruit trees resources banks in Shandong is relatively backward in China,and there is still no banks related with grape and cherry germplasm resources in Shandong. Therefore,importance can be attached to the agriculture,forestry,and animal husbandry to build germplasm resources banks for grape and cherry industries in Shandong Province. Building the national-level grape and cherry germplasm resources bank in Shandong Province can also promote the utilization of wild and farm germplasm resources in the future; advance the research on the genes related to disease resistance,stress resistance and quality of grapes and cherries; push forward the construction and development of cherry and grape mutants banks. It is conducive to the research on the agronomic traits of grapes and cherries,and can provide the parents resources for planting innovation and improving the quality of grapes and cherries,as well as promote the development and application of molecular markers of grapes and cherries,including the identification of lines and crossbreeding. Thereby,it cannot only promote the industry development,but also achieve the development of cultivation,breeding and basic research in an all-round way and the development of " production,study and research" going side by side.
基金by the Major International(Regional)Joint Research Project(No.81720108020)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81373199,81501347 and 81370730,81273304)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu(BK20150098)Jiangsu Province Major Research and Development Program(BE2015602)Jiangsu Province 333 Talant Grant(BRA2016001).
文摘Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are critical for immune regulation.Although several microRNAs(miRNAs)have been shown to participate in autoimmune pathogenesis by affecting lymphocyte development and function,the roles of miRNAs in MSC dysfunction in autoimmune diseases remain unclear.Here,we show that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)display a unique miRNA signature in bone marrow-derived MSCs(BMSCs)compared with normal controls,among which miR-663 is closely associated with SLE disease activity.MiR-663 inhibits the proliferation and migration of BMSCs and impairs BMSC-mediated downregulation of follicular T helper(Tfh)cells and upregulation of regulatory T(Treg)cells by targeting transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1).MiR-663 overexpression weakens the therapeutic effect of BMSCs,while miR-663 inhibition improves the remission of lupus disease in MRL/lpr mice.Thus,miR-663 is a key mediator of SLE BMSC regulation and may serve as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of lupus.