Peripheral nerve injury is a serious problem affecting signiifcantly patients’ life. Autografts are the“gold standard” used to repair the injury gap, however, only 50% of patients fully recover from the trauma. Art...Peripheral nerve injury is a serious problem affecting signiifcantly patients’ life. Autografts are the“gold standard” used to repair the injury gap, however, only 50% of patients fully recover from the trauma. Artiifcial conduits are a valid alternative to repairing peripheral nerve. They aim at conifning the nerve environment throughout the regeneration process, and providing guidance to axon outgrowth. Biocompatible materials have been carefully designed to reduce inlfamma-tion and scar tissue formation, but modiifcations of the inner lumen are still required in order to optimise the scaffolds. Biomicking the native neural tissue with extracellular matrix ifllers or coatings showed great promises in repairing longer gaps and extending cell survival. In addition, extracellular matrix molecules provide a platform to further bind growth factors that can be released in the system over time. Alternatively, conduit ifllers can be used for cell transplantation at the injury site, reducing the lag time required for endogenous Schwann cells to proliferate and take part in the regeneration process. This review provides an overview on the importance of ex-tracellular matrix molecules in peripheral nerve repair.展开更多
Traumatic injuries resulting in peripheral nerve lesions lead to important morbidity with devastating social and economic consequences.When the lesioned nerve cannot be sutured directly,a nerve graft is generally requ...Traumatic injuries resulting in peripheral nerve lesions lead to important morbidity with devastating social and economic consequences.When the lesioned nerve cannot be sutured directly,a nerve graft is generally required to bridge the gap.Although autologous nerve grafting is still the first choice for reconstruction,it has the severe disadvantage of the sacrifice of a functional nerve.Research in tissue engineering and nerve regeneration may have a dramatic impact on clinical and surgical treatment of such nerve lesions.The authors review the latest concepts in tissue engineering for nerve repair,including scaffold engineering of neural guides,biomaterial modification,cell therapy,growth factors delivery,and electrical stimulation.Recent literature is reviewed in detail,pointing out the most interesting present achievements and perspectives for future clinical translation.Electronic search of the literature was performed using MEDLINE,Embase,and the Cochrane Library to identify research studies on peripheral nerve regeneration through tissue-engineered conduits.The following medical subject headings were used to carry out a systematic search of the literature:“nerve regeneration”,“stem cells”,“biomaterial”,“extracellular matrix”,“functional regeneration”,“growth factors”and“microchannels”.Included literature was published between 1991 and 2014.The reference lists from the retrieved articles were also reviewed for additional articles.In total,76 articles were included in this study.展开更多
基金supported by the Swiss National Fund(Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique)
文摘Peripheral nerve injury is a serious problem affecting signiifcantly patients’ life. Autografts are the“gold standard” used to repair the injury gap, however, only 50% of patients fully recover from the trauma. Artiifcial conduits are a valid alternative to repairing peripheral nerve. They aim at conifning the nerve environment throughout the regeneration process, and providing guidance to axon outgrowth. Biocompatible materials have been carefully designed to reduce inlfamma-tion and scar tissue formation, but modiifcations of the inner lumen are still required in order to optimise the scaffolds. Biomicking the native neural tissue with extracellular matrix ifllers or coatings showed great promises in repairing longer gaps and extending cell survival. In addition, extracellular matrix molecules provide a platform to further bind growth factors that can be released in the system over time. Alternatively, conduit ifllers can be used for cell transplantation at the injury site, reducing the lag time required for endogenous Schwann cells to proliferate and take part in the regeneration process. This review provides an overview on the importance of ex-tracellular matrix molecules in peripheral nerve repair.
文摘Traumatic injuries resulting in peripheral nerve lesions lead to important morbidity with devastating social and economic consequences.When the lesioned nerve cannot be sutured directly,a nerve graft is generally required to bridge the gap.Although autologous nerve grafting is still the first choice for reconstruction,it has the severe disadvantage of the sacrifice of a functional nerve.Research in tissue engineering and nerve regeneration may have a dramatic impact on clinical and surgical treatment of such nerve lesions.The authors review the latest concepts in tissue engineering for nerve repair,including scaffold engineering of neural guides,biomaterial modification,cell therapy,growth factors delivery,and electrical stimulation.Recent literature is reviewed in detail,pointing out the most interesting present achievements and perspectives for future clinical translation.Electronic search of the literature was performed using MEDLINE,Embase,and the Cochrane Library to identify research studies on peripheral nerve regeneration through tissue-engineered conduits.The following medical subject headings were used to carry out a systematic search of the literature:“nerve regeneration”,“stem cells”,“biomaterial”,“extracellular matrix”,“functional regeneration”,“growth factors”and“microchannels”.Included literature was published between 1991 and 2014.The reference lists from the retrieved articles were also reviewed for additional articles.In total,76 articles were included in this study.
