定向毫米波网络邻居发现协议

针对定向毫米波网络各节点间无波束方向先验信息导致邻居发现困难的问题,提出了一种基于盲交汇算法的邻居发现协议,推导了邻居发现过程中时隙长度、波束个数与邻居发现时间之间的理论关系。进一步,为了缩短邻居发现的时间,在盲交汇算法的邻居发现协议的基础上,提出了基于位置预测的邻居发现协议。仿真结果表明,基于盲交汇算法的邻居发现协议的最长邻居发现时间小于无协调的定向邻居发现协议,波束个数N接近2n(2n-1<N≤2n,n>1,n∈Z)时,平均邻居发现时间低于无协调的定向邻居发现算法。此外,基于位置预测的邻居发现协议可以有效缩短邻居发现时间。

面向有人/无人协同的智能通信与组网关键技术:现状与趋势

系统总结了有人/无人协同的智能通信与组网领域的研究成果。首先,从有人/无人协同的应用场景出发,具体分析了其对通信组网的需求。然后,自底而上按照物理层、链路层、网络层的层次划分,深入阐述了通信信道建模、通信波形设计、组网架构与协议、智能协同等关键问题,分析了研究现状和代表性技术的特点。最后,面向更加智能、高效、灵活的有人/无人协同通信与组网,展望了可能的发展趋势和极具潜力的技术方向。

基于NS3-gym框架的智能干扰规避系统设计与实现

多智能体构建的无线通信网络在受到外部恶意干扰时,智能体需要与环境进行大量交互来学习干扰规律和优化抗干扰策略。为了有效模拟和验证智能体与外部干扰环境的学习交互过程,需要构建智能干扰规避仿真系统。提出了一种基于NS3-gym框架的智能干扰规避系统,NS3模拟智能通信网络场景并将感知到的网络状态数据作为智能体的输入,智能体对输入数据进行学习分析得到干扰规避决策,并通过gym与NS3之间的交互将其返回到NS3中的仿真网络进行抗干扰策略部署。NS3-gym框架提供了NS3和OpenAI gym之间进行信息交互的接口。在Ubuntu20.04系统下搭建了智能干扰规避系统的仿真平台,分别验证了Q学习算法以及WoLF-PHC算法在扫频干扰、贪婪随机策略干扰、跟随干扰、随机干扰四种场景下的抗干扰性能。仿真结果证明了所提系统架构与仿真平台的正确性和有效性。

可扩展分层次编译码的语义通信系统

针对目前文本语义通信大部分研究主要依靠仿真系统进行理论验证的问题,利用分层次编译码架构在语义层次和语法层次上的分离性,提出了一种可扩展分层次的语义通信系统。该系统通过语义和语法层次相分离的模式有效兼容香农信息框架下的可靠通信技术,实现语义通信与传统通信的嵌套结合。进一步,基于软件无线电平台搭建了一个通用可扩展的验证系统,对所提语义通信系统架构进行实用化验证。该验证系统以语义通信软件平台作为硬件驱动和算法调用的驱动核心,集成了信号产生、信息发送、接收端数据采集、译码和评估的全过程,并且能够面向语义和语法层次进一步扩展。最后,基于该验证系统进行了文本语义通信的测试,验证了其相较于传统通信方式具有更高的有效性和可靠性。

基于快速强化学习的无线通信干扰规避策略

针对无线通信环境中存在未知且动态变化的干扰,该文联合考虑通信信道接入和发射功率控制提出了基于快速强化学习的未知干扰规避策略,以确保通信收发端的可靠通信。将干扰规避问题建模为马尔可夫决策过程,其优化目标为在保证通信质量的前提下同时降低系统发射功率和减少信道切换次数。随后,提出一种赢或学习快速策略爬山(WoLF-PHC)学习方法的干扰规避方案,从而实现快速规避干扰的目的。仿真结果表明,在不同干扰模式下,所提WoLF-PHC算法的抗干扰性能、收敛速度均优于传统的随机选择方法和Q学习算法。

基于扩展有限状态机的SCA符合性测试方法研究

软件通信体系结构(Software Communication Architecture,SCA)标准是针对软件无线电设备缺乏互操作性而制定的标准,通过定义设备组件对底层的硬件进行屏蔽,实现上层应用与底层硬件相互分离,SCA符合性测试通过验证实际的应用是否符合SCA标准中的定义,从而保证应用的跨平台性与通用性。当前国内外对SCA符合性测试的研究较少,测试过程中存在诸多问题,如各需求的测试之间存在依赖关系,某些需求测试的进行可能造成后续需求测试无法执行等,导致目前缺乏自动化的测试方法。针对这些问题,提出了一种测试序列自动生成方法,并基于扩展有限状态机的基本原理构造了SCA符合性测试模型。该模型能够直观地反映测试过程,分析测试中软件无线电系统存在的各种状态,判断测试用例执行序列的可行性,指导测试序列的构建,再结合基于集合的贪心算法对测试序列集进行优化。实验结果表明该方法能有效地保证测试覆盖度,并且提升测试效率。

战术自组网下非平稳信道测量与建模

为研究城市战场环境下战术自组织网络(tactical mobile ad hoc network,TacMAN)通信节点间的信道特性,针对城区场景超短波频段展开信道测量与建模。测量结果表明,TacMAN通信场景下,多径信号存在明显的非平稳性和生灭现象。针对信道非平稳性,首先设计了一种多径识别与跟踪算法,有效地估计出多径信号的存在概率。其次,使用基于马尔科夫链的改进型抽头延迟线(tapped delay line,TDL)模型对实测数据的非平稳过程进行建模。最后基于赤池信息准则(akaike information criterion,AIC)给出了小尺度衰落的统计模型,分析表明双高斯混合分布(bimodal Gaussian mixture distribution,BGMD)和Ricean分布分别是描述模型首径与最强径幅度分布的最佳模型。论文建立的非平稳信道模型可以较好地描述TacMAN场景下信道特性,为提高相关军事通信场景下通信系统的性能提供参考。

一种基于前导序列的OFDM信息调制技术

OFDM系统中的前导序列通常被设计用于接收端的定时同步和频偏估计,并不包含任何有效的比特信息。在前导序列中调制比特信息的设计方式一定程度上能够提升通信系统的频谱效率,并拓展了前导设计的功能。通过对CAZAC序列进行相位旋转和循环移位处理,提出了一种新的在前导序列设计中嵌入信息数据的方案。调制信息后的CAZAC序列仍具有恒包络特性和良好的周期自相关性,并设计了相应的时频同步算法和信息提取方法。相比已有方案,所提的前导设计方式在不影响定时同步和频偏估计性能的情况下,提高了信息承载能力。分析与仿真结果表明,对于相同长度的前导序列,所提方案在信息承载量和传输可靠性方面均优于现有方法,同时可以取得较好的定时同步与频偏估计性能。

Towards Wide-Open, Adaptable DCF Implementation for Dynamic Networks

This work proposes a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-oriented architecture for the IEEE 802. 11 Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) transceiver. We describe the functional blocks carrying out the Carrier Sense Multiple Accesses with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA), develop the interfaces to the application layer and the physical layer, and implement it on FPGA devices by utilizing Very-high-speed-integrated-circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL). The novelty of our proposal is twofold. Firstly, all MAC parameters (i.e., Max/Min Contention Window, Data Unit Length, Fragmentation Threshold, Retry Limit, etc.) can be directly accessed and programmed from the application layer interface, which is necessary to achieve better network performance in dynamic environments. Secondly, the character based on FPGA makes the proposal more flexible and risk-reduced for the development of DCF-based wireless networks, such as MANETs and software-defined-radio-based cognitive ad hoc networks.

Joint Network and Fountain Codes Design for RelayAssisted Multi-User System

In relay-assisted multi-user system, relay coding is important to enhance the robustness and reliability of cooperative transmission. For better adaptability and efficiency, two joint network and fountain coding(JNFC) schemes are proposed. When the condition of all direct channels is worse, JNFC scheme based on distributed LT(DLT) codes is used. Otherwise, JNFC scheme based on multi-dimensional LT(MD-LT) codes is suited. For both two above-mentioned schemes, the united degree distribution design method for short-length fountain codes is proposed. For the latter scheme, MD-LT codes are proposed for equal error protection(EEP) of each user. Simulation results and analysis show that the united degree distribution need less decoding overhead compared with other degree distribution for short-length fountain codes. And then, all users are protected equally in despite of asymmetric uplinks.

RATE ADAPTIVE PROTOCOL FOR MULTIRATE IEEE 802.11 NETWORKS

In this paper, a rate adaptive protocol AMARF (Adaptive Multirate Auto Rate Fallback) for multirate IEEE 802.11 networks is proposed. In AMARF, each data rate is assigned a unique success threshold, which is a criterion to judge when to switch a rate to the next higher one, and the success thresholds can be adjusted dynamically in an adaptive manner according to the running conditions, such as packet length and channel parameters. Moreover, the proposed protocol can be implemented by software without any change to the current IEEE 802.11 standards. Simulation result shows that AMARF yields significantly higher throughput than other existing schemes including ARF and its variants, in various running conditions.

Cooperative wireless networks for better green services

In order to guarantee the overall return on investment (ROI), improve user experience and quality of service (QoS), save energy, reduce electra magnetic interference (EMI) and radiation pollution, and enable the sustainable deployment of new profitable applications and services in heterogeneous wireless networks coexistence reality, this paper proposes a cross-network cooperation mechanism to effectively share network resources and infrastructures, and then adaptively control and match multi-network energy distribution characteristics according to actual user/service requirements in different geographic areas. Some idle or lightly-loaded base stations (BS or BSs) will be temporally turned off for saving energy and reducing EMI. Initial simulation results show that the proposed approach can significantly improve the overall energy efficiency and QoS performance across multiple cooperative wireless networks.

Multiple symbol differential detection based on sphere decoding for unitary space-time modulation

Recently, a multiple symbol differential （MSD） sphere decoding （SD） algorithm for unitary spacetime modulation over quasi-static channel has been proved to achieve the performance of maximumlikelihood （ML） detection with relatively low complexity. However, an error floor occurs if the algorithm is applied over rapid-fading channels. Based on the assumption of continuous fading, a multiple symbol differential automatic sphere decoding （MSDASD） algorithm is developed by incorporating a recursive form of an ML metric into automatic SD （ASD） algorithm. Furthermore, two algorithms, termed as MSD approximate ASD （MSDAASD） and MSD pruning ASD （MSDPASD）, are proposed to reduce computational complexity and the number of comparisons, respectively. Compared with the existing typical algorithms, i.e., multiple symbol differential feedback detection （MS-DFD） and noncoherent sequence detection （NSD）, the performance of the proposed algorithms is much superior to that of MS-DFD and a little inferior to that of NSD, while the complexity is lower than that of MS-DFD in most cases and significantly lower than that of NSD.

220例脑囊虫病的影像学诊断分析

目的了解脑囊虫病患者抗囊虫治疗后的疗效以及囊尾蚴在脑影像学上的转归。方法参照脑囊虫病影像学诊断标准对220例该病患者进行分型分析,比较不同型脑囊虫病抗囊虫药物治疗后的脑影像特征及治疗效果。结果抗囊虫治疗前脑MRI表现为不同类型的脑囊虫病患者,治疗后脑组织内囊尾坳在MRI影像上出现不同的转归。脑实质型患者大部分抗囊虫治疗后病灶完全吸收,小部分出现钙化,临床显示几乎全部治愈;脑膜型患者治疗后病灶大多基本吸收,MRI影像上120例患者病灶吸收完全,大多患者见1~2个或多个钙化灶,治疗效果良好;脑室型和混合型患者治疗后病灶吸收稍差,治疗效果也相对较差。结论各型脑囊虫病患者抗囊虫治疗后囊尾蚴出现不同程度的吸收、钙化等影像变化,对预测患者预后及指导临床治疗具有重要意义。