Thermodynamic equilibrium theory-guided design and synthesis of Mg-doped LiFe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6)PO_(4)/C cathode for lithium-ion batteries

Mn-rich LiFe_(1-x)Mn_(x)PO_(4)(x>0.5),which combines the high operation voltage of LiMnPO_(4)with excellent rate performa nce of LiFePO4,is hindered by its sluggish kinetic properties.Herein,thermodynamic equilibrium analysis of Mn^(2+)-Fe^(2+)-Mg^(2+)-C_(2)O_(4)^(2-)-H_(2)O system is used to guide the design and preparation of insitu Mg-doped(Fe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6))_(1-x)Mg_(x)C_(2)O_(4)intermediate,which is then employed as an innovative precursor to synthesize high-performance Mg-doped LiFe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6)PO_(4).It indicates that the metal ions with a high precipitation efficiency and the stoichiometric precursors with uniform element distribution can be achieved under the optimized thermodynamic conditions.Meanwhile,accelerated Li+diffusivity and reduced charge transfer resistance originating from Mg doping are verified by various kinetic characterizations.Benefiting from the contributions of inherited homogeneous element distribution,small particle size,uniform carbon layer coating,enhanced Li+migration ability and structural stability induced by Mg doping,the Li(Fe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6))_(0.97)Mg_(0.03)PO_(4)/C exhibits splendid electrochemical performance.

Future Directions of Quinoa Research and Innovation

Quinoa research aims to deeply understand its nutritional value,develop planting techniques,and explore food applications to promote quinoa industry development and improve human health.Future research directions include further exploring nutritional functions,adaptive breeding,cultivation techniques and food processing of quinoa,so as to promote innovation and development in the quinoa industry.Expected outcomes include increased production,improved quality,expanded markets,diversified food sources,reduced environmental impact,and biodiversity protection.There are still challenges such as fluctuating market demand,resource constraints,insufficient nutritional knowledge,and fierce competition.Solutions may include education and publicity,diversified product lines,health certification and brand building,partnerships,new variety cultivation and sustainable farming,and resource sharing.Future research and practice will further promote innovation and development in the quinoa industry,making it one of the most important food and functional ingredients globally.

A survey on image and video stitching

Image/video stitching is a technology for solving the field of view(FOV)limitation of images/videos.It stitches multiple overlapping images/videos to generate a wide-FOV image/video,and has been used in various fields such as sports broadcasting,video surveillance,street view,and entertainment.This survey reviews image/video stitching algorithms,with a particular focus on those developed in recent years.Image stitching first calculates the corresponding relationships between multiple overlapping images,deforms and aligns the matched images,and then blends the aligned images to generate a wide-FOV image.A seamless method is always adopted to eliminate such potential flaws as ghosting and blurring caused by parallax or objects moving across the overlapping regions.Video stitching is the further extension of image stitching.It usually stitches selected frames of original videos to generate a stitching template by performing image stitching algorithms,and the subsequent frames can then be stitched according to the template.Video stitching is more complicated with moving objects or violent camera movement,because these factors introduce jitter,shakiness,ghosting,and blurring.Foreground detection technique is usually combined into stitching to eliminate ghosting and blurring,while video stabilization algorithms are adopted to solve the jitter and shakiness.This paper further discusses panoramic stitching as a special-extension of image/video stitching.Panoramic stitching is currently the most widely used application in stitching.This survey reviews the latest image/video stitching methods,and introduces the fundamental principles/advantages/weaknesses of image/video stitching algorithms.Image/video stitching faces long-term challenges such as wide baseline,large parallax,and low-texture problem in the overlapping region.New technologies may present new opportunities to address these issues,such as deep learning-based semantic correspondence,and 3D image stitching.Finally,this survey discusses the challenges of image/video stitching and proposes potential solutions.

Effects of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide on lung function, inflammatory factors and immunoglobulin levels in children with asthma

Objective: To investigate the effects of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide on pulmonary function, inflammatory factors and immunoglobulin in children with asthma. Methods: A total of 100 children with asthma treated in our hospital from May 2013 to November 2016 were randomly divided into control group and observation group. In the control group, budesonide inhalation therapy was given. On the basis of the control group, montelukast sodium treatment was given, pulmonary function, inflammatory factors and immunoglobulin levels in the two groups before and after treatment were measured. Results:Compared with before treatment, the levels of FEV1%, FEF50%, FEF25% and PEF% in the two groups were significantly increased, those in the observation group were higher than in control group;compared with before treatment, IL-10 levels were significantly increased, TNF-α and IL-8 levels were significantly decreased in the two groups after treatment, moreover those in the observation group IL-10 levels were significantly higher than the control group, TNF-α and IL-8 were significantly lower than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant;Compared with before treatment, IgA and IgM levels were significantly increased in both groups after treatment, IgE levels were significantly decreased, and IgA and IgM levels in the observation group were significantly higher than in the control group, IgE levels were significantly lower than the control group, the difference was statistically. Conclusion: Montelukast sodium combined with budesonide can effectively reduce the inflammation level of children with asthma, improve lung function, enhance immunity, the effect is significant, it is worth further clinical application.

Research on Extraction and Purification Technology of Flavonoids from Quinoa (Cheuopodium quinoa) Leaves

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the extraction process of quiona(Cheuopodium quinoa)leaves.[Methods]Firstly,single factor experiments were carried out with the volume fraction of ethanol,extraction time,extraction temperature and liquid-to-material ratio as factors.Based on the single factor experiments,a response surface test was designed by the central composite design method of Design-Expert software to establish a mathematical model.[Results]The optimal extraction conditions of quinoa flavonoids were obtained as follows:the ethanol volume fraction of 70%,the liquid-to-material ratio at 30∶1,the extraction time of 100 min and the extraction temperature at 60℃.[Conclusions]The results of the study are stable with small deviation,and can provide reference for related processes.

Optical manipulation: from fluid to solid domains

Light carries energy and momentum,laying the physical foundation of optical manipulation that has facilitated advances in myriad scientific disciplines,ranging from biochemistry and robotics to quantum physics.Utilizing the momentum of light,optical tweezers have exemplified elegant light–matter interactions in which mechanical and optical momenta can be interchanged,whose effects are the most pronounced on micro and nano objects in fluid suspensions.In solid domains,the same momentum transfer becomes futile in the face of dramatically increased adhesion force.Effective implementation of optical manipulation should thereupon switch to the“energy”channel by involving auxiliary physical fields,which also coincides with the irresistible trend of enriching actuation mechanisms beyond sole reliance on light-momentum-based optical force.From this perspective,this review covers the developments of optical manipulation in schemes of both momentum and energy transfer,and we have correspondingly selected representative techniques to present.Theoretical analyses are provided at the beginning of this review followed by experimental embodiments,with special emphasis on the contrast between mechanisms and the practical realization of optical manipulation in fluid and solid domains.

Snakeskin‑Inspired Hierarchical Winkled Surface for Ultradurable Superamphiphobic Fabrics via Short‑Fluorinated Polymer Reactive Infusion

Durable superamphiphobic surfaces are highly desired for real-world applications such as self-cleaning,anti-fouling,personal protection,and functional sportswear.However,challenges still exist in constructing robust superamphiphobic surfaces by using short-fluorinated polymers as one of the promising alternatives for environmentally unfriendly long perfluorinated side-chain polymers.Hierarchical patterns on biological skins endow the creatures with a specific surface for survival.Here,a facile strategy was proposed to generate hierarchical wrinkles for ultradurable superamphiphobic fabrics by simulating the deformation adaptability of snakeskin.Snake-like hierarchical winkling was constructed by the infusion of reactive perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane(FOS)in a wet chemical plus vapor polymerization process.Upon the infusion of FOS,the mismatch of shrinkage caused by gradient crosslinking leads to the formation of a soft wrinkled poly(perfluorooctyl trieth-oxysilane)(poly-FOS)surface.Such a snakeskin-like hierarchical wrinkled surface and high fluorine density of poly-FOS endowed the treated superamphiphobic fabrics with high water resistance(contact angle 169°),castor oil resistance(154°),and extraordinary durability(withstanding 100 standard laundries,15,000 rubbing cycles and strong acid and alkali solu-tions).Moreover,a superamphiphobic surface can be formed on various substrates,including fabric,wood,paper,and glass.This work thus gives new insights into the environmentally friendly manufacture of ultradurable superamphiphobic fabrics.

Influences of mass flow rate on heat and mass transfer performances of water sublimator combined with fluid loop

For spacecraft working in vacuum environment, sublimator is an effective heat rejection approach to reject system's peak heat load, and supplement spacecraft radiation heat rejection. For a spacecraft active fluid loop thermal control system combined with sublimator, waste heat generated from multi-point distributed heat sources could be collected by the fluid loop efficiently. However, the heat and mass transfer performances of the sublimator combined with fluid loop have not been adequately studied in previous research, especially for the influences of the heat load. Since work fluid mass flow rate is the main factor affecting heat load of the fluid loop, this context experimentally studied influences of the fluid loop mass flow rate on sublimator start-up transient characteristics, including heat transfer performances, response time, and work stability. Results indicated that the fluid loop mass flow rate affected the sublimator heat and mass transfer performances obviously, but the heat rejection ability is not always increase with the increasing of the fluid loop mass flow rate. In addition, we obtained the condition to judge whether there is a positive correlation between heat rejection ability and fluid loop mass flow rate.

Consensus on clinical management of tumor-induced osteomalacia

Tumor-induced osteomalacia(TIO)is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome caused by excessive fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23)production by a tumor,which often arises from a mesenchymal origin.[1-3]Most clinical symptoms of TIO are the consequences of prolonged FGF23-mediated hypophosphatemia as muscle weakness,bone pain,impaired mobility,and fractures.[4]Clinical diagnosis and management of TIO are challenging because knowledge about this condition is still restricted to a few specialized centers,leading to delay in diagnosis and appropriate treatment.The scope of the present consensus is to provide up-to-date guidance on the assessment and treatment of TIO.

税收努力与官员个人效应

本文利用1999—2007年我国地方政府财政和官员变迁数据,实证分析了地方官员个人效应对税收努力的影响。我们发现地方官员个人效应能够显著影响税收努力程度,而出于税权配置、征收策略等原因,其对地方税税收努力有显著的正向影响,对共享税和中央税税收努力则影响较小,甚至有负向影响。本文重新审视了税收实践中“人的因素”,并建议引入更合理的激励机制,既充分发挥地方官员的积极影响,也防止官员个人过度影响地方财政和经济运行。

Laplacian-based 3D mesh simplification with feature preservation

We propose a novel Laplacian-based algorithm that simplifies triangle surface meshes and can provide different preservation ratios of geometric features.Our efficient and fast algorithm uses a 3D mesh model as input and initially detects geometric features by using a Laplacian-based shape descriptor(L-descriptor).The algorithm further performs an optimized clustering approach that combines a Laplacian operator with K-means clustering algorithm to perform vertex classification.Moreover,we introduce a Laplacian weighted cost function based on L-descriptor to perform feature weighting and error statistics comparison,which are further used to change the deletion order of the model elements and preserve the saliency features.Our algorithm can provide different preservation ratios of geometric features and may be extended to handle arbitrary mesh topologies.Our experiments on a variety of 3D surface meshes demonstrate the advantages of our algorithm in terms of improving accuracy and applicability,and preserving saliency geometric features.

Micro-scale opto-thermo-mechanical actuation in the dry adhesive regime

Realizing optical manipulation of microscopic objects is crucial in the research fields of life science,condensed matter physics,and physical chemistry.In non-liquid environments,this task is commonly regarded as difficult due to strong adhesive surface force(~µN)attached to solid interfaces that makes tiny optical driven force(~pN)insignificant.Here,by recognizing the microscopic interaction mechanism between friction force—the parallel component of surface force on a contact surface—and thermoelastic waves induced by pulsed optical absorption,we establish a general principle enabling the actuation of micro-objects on dry frictional surfaces based on the opto-thermo-mechanical effects.Theoretically,we predict that nanosecond pulsed optical absorption with mW-scale peak power is sufficient to tameµN-scale friction force.Experimentally,we demonstrate the two-dimensional spiral motion of gold plates on micro-fibers driven by nanosecond laser pulses,and reveal the rules of motion control.Our results pave the way for the future development of micro-scale actuators in non-liquid environments.

Three acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with central nervous system infection: diagnostic approach and outcome of treatment

The patients w让h acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)are prone to opportunistic infections due to immune deficiencies.Because the AIDS virus is neuropathic,10%of AIDS patients first manifested central nervous system(CNS)symptoms.111 More than 40% of untreated AIDS patients will develop CNS diseases.121 The diagnosis and treatment for AIDS complicated with intracranial lesions are mainly based on clinical experience and laboratory tests.If necessary,brain biopsies were taken into consideration to help to diagnose and choose a suitable therapy.In clinic practice,to get a specific diagnosis is very difficult.To further analyze the clinical features of such patients and to provide some suggestions for the clinical diagnosis and treatments,we retrospectively analyzed three AIDS cases with CNS infection who attended the Peking Union Medical College Hospital.

Interference coordination in full-duplex HetNet with large-scale antenna arrays

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), small cell, and full-duplex are promising techniques for future 5G communication systems, where interference has become the most challenging issue to be addressed.In this paper, we provide an interference coordination framework for a two-tier heterogeneous network(HetNet)that consists of a massive-MIMO enabled macro-cell base station (MBS) and a number of full-duplex small-cell base stations (SBSs). To suppress the interferences and maximize the throughput, the full-duplex mode of each SBS at the wireless backhaul link (i.e., in-band or out-of-band), which has a different impact on the interference pattern, should be carefully selected. To address this problem, we propose two centralized algorithms, a genetic algorithm (GEA)and a greedy algorithm (GRA). To sufficiently reduce the computational overhead of the MBS, a distributed graph coloring algorithm (DGCA) based on price is further proposed. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms significantly improve the system throughput.

Vascular Graft Bridged En Bloc Resection for Biliopancreatic Cancer Invading the Portal System

To meet the requirement of extensive resection of pancreatic cancer with portal or mesenteric venous invasion,the innovation of Vascular Graft Bridged En Bloc Resection （VGBEBR） has been adopted to treat advanced biliopancreatic cancer in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the PLA Rocket Force General Hospital since 2013.This attempt could not only broaden surgical indications of radical resection and lymphadenectomy but also increase R0 resection rate,especially for the case with severe invasion in the portal and mesenteric venous system.

Combination of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F With Antiretroviral Therapy Delayed Viral Rebound in A Patient of Acute HIV-1 Infection

Prolonged antiretroviral therapy(ART)-free remission post-treatment has been observed and reported in human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1)infection.The primary factors for such achievement have been linked to the transcriptional inactivation of HIV-1 DNA and immune recovery.Here,we reported a patient with acute HIV-1 infection who immediately received intensified quadruple ART.At month 9(M9),an old CFDA-approved immuno-suppressive herbal medicine,Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F(TwHF),was used in addition to ART.The patient was closely monitored.Virological and immunological tests as well as transcriptome analysis were carried out at each visit.The results showed that TwHF reduced serum IP-10 level and inhibited T cell activation.Both ART and TwHF were discontinued in M24,and levels of peripheral blood HIV-1 RNA and DNA remained suppressed for consecutive 12months.With transcriptome analysis,we found pattern changes linking immuno-activation and amino acid metabolism with viral suppression and rebound.This indicates that the intentional suppression of immuno-activation is a promising approach for a functional cure of HIV-1 infection.