球形观察窗用有机玻璃的银纹损伤:乙醇和温度协同作用

聚甲基丙烯酸甲脂(PMMA)基于良好的综合性能得到广泛应用,但遇到极性溶剂时很容易发生溶胀,导致银纹的产生甚至出现开裂,严重降低了材料的服役寿命。本工作以某球形观察窗用有机玻璃为研究对象,深入探讨退火温度、退火时间、溶剂(乙醇)处理时间等因素对PMMA微观结构的影响,以及银纹产生与单轴拉伸、三点弯曲、压缩变形等力学性能的关系,研究发现在PMMA的玻璃化转变温度98℃附近进行退火容易出现肉眼可见的大尺度银纹。银纹对于力学强度的影响较小,但会降低材料的断裂应变。

儿童发育性髋关节发育不良闭合复位术后结局预测模型的构建

目的建立儿童发育性髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)闭合复位术后结局预测模型,并利用该模型指导DDH闭合复位术后残余髋臼发育不良(residual acetabulalr dysplasia,RAD)手术时机的选择。方法回顾性分析国内多个医疗中心2004-2015年采用闭合复位术治疗的449例(522髋)DDH患儿临床资料,患儿年龄(16.3±5.1)个月。术前在骨盆正位X线片上评估脱位程度的国际髋关节发育不良协会(International Hip Dysplasia Institute,IHDI)分型、股骨头骨化核以及髋臼指数(acetabular index,AI)。术后测量第1、2、3、4年及末次随访时的AI、中心边缘角(centre-edge angle of Wiberg,CEA)和Reimer指数(Reimer's index,RI),评估股骨头缺血性坏死(avascular necrosis of the femoral head,AVN)情况。根据末次随访时Severin影像学评级以及是否接受二期骨盆截骨术,将患儿分成两组:SeverinⅠ、Ⅱ级为痊愈组,SeverinⅢ、Ⅳ级或接受了骨盆截骨术者为RAD组。利用Cox回归构建DDH闭合复位术后痊愈预测模型,并用受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线进行内部验证。结果522髋中,IHDI分型为Ⅱ型70髋(13.4%),Ⅲ型223髋(44.6%),Ⅳ型219髋(42%)。复位前410髋(78.5%)已出现股骨头骨化核。总体AVN(Ⅱ型以上)发生率为12.8%。痊愈组329髋(63%),痊愈时间(33.3±14.7)个月(8.4~111.4个月),93.6%(308/329)的痊愈患儿痊愈时间在术后5年以内。Cox回归分析显示,IHDI分型、股骨头骨化核、复位年龄、当前AI、CEA、RI、AVN是DDH闭合复位术后累积痊愈概率的影响因素,利用上述影响因素,本研究成功构建了DDH闭合复位术后痊愈预测模型。该模型中所有因素的总分为-11~17分,对应痊愈概率为0.02~1.0。在该模型下,ROC曲线分析显示,术后第1、2、3、4年总分小于2.5、1.5、2.5、1.5分时,患儿痊愈概率显著较高(81.4%~96.1%),ROC曲线下面积为0.808~0.910,Kappa系数为0.497~0.618。相反,当总分大于1.5~2.5分时,RAD发生率显著升高,建议行骨盆截骨术。结论本研究构建的痊愈预测模型可以有效预测RAD,并指导骨盆截骨手术时机的选择。在该模型下,如果术后第1、2、3、4年时模型中所有因素总分大于2.5、1.5、2.5、1.5分,则RAD发生率显著升高。

A Blind Batch Encryption and Public Ledger-Based Protocol for Sharing Sensitive Data

For the goals of security and privacy preservation,we propose a blind batch encryption-and public ledger-based data sharing protocol that allows the integrity of sensitive data to be audited by a public ledger and allows privacy information to be preserved.Data owners can tightly manage their data with efficient revocation and only grant one-time adaptive access for the fulfillment of the requester.We prove that our protocol is semanticallly secure,blind,and secure against oblivious requesters and malicious file keepers.We also provide security analysis in the context of four typical attacks.

RNA m6A dynamic modification mediated by nucleuslocalized FTO is involved in follicular reserve

In eukaryotic organisms,the most common internal modification of messenger RNA(m RNA)is N6-methyladenosine(m6A).This modification can be dynamically and reversibly controlled by specific enzymes known as m6A writers and erasers.The fat-mass and obesity-associated protein(FTO)catalyzes RNA demethylation and plays a critical role in various physiological and pathological processes.Our research identified dynamic alterations in both m6A and FTO during the assembly of primordial follicles,with an inverse relationship observed for m6A levels and nuclear-localized FTO expression.Application of Fto small interfering RNA(si RNA)altered the expression of genes related to cell proliferation,hormone regulation,and cell chemotaxis,and affected RNA alternative splicing.Overexpression of the full-length Fto gene led to changes in m6A levels,alternative splicing of Cdk5,cell proliferation,cell cycle progression,and proportion of primordial follicles.Conversely,overexpression of Fto lacking a nuclear localization signal(NLS)did not significantly alter m6A levels or primordial follicle assembly.These findings suggest that FTO,localized in the nucleus but not in the cytoplasm,regulates RNA m6A demethylation and plays a role in cell proliferation,cell cycle progression,and primordial follicle assembly.These results highlight the potential of m6A and its eraser FTO as possible biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Effectiveness and tolerability of programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitor+chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy for upper gastrointestinal tract cancers

BACKGROUND The combination of programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1)inhibitor and che-motherapy is approved as a standard first-or second-line treatment in patients with advanced oesophageal or gastric cancer.However,it is unclear whether this combination is superior to chemotherapy alone.AIM To assess the comparative effectiveness and tolerability of combining PD-1 inhibitors with chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone in patients with advanced gastric cancer,gastroesophageal junction(GEJ)cancer,or oesophageal carcinoma.METHODS We searched the PubMed and Embase databases for studies that compared the efficacy and tolerance of PD-1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone in patients with advanced oesophageal or gastric cancer.We employed either random or fixed models to analyze the outcomes of each clinical trial,en-compassing data on overall survival(OS),progression-free survival(PFS),objective response rate,and adverse events(AEs).RESULTS Nine phase 3 clinical trials(7016 advanced oesophageal and gastric cancer patients)met the inclusion criteria.Our meta-analysis demonstrated that the pooled PD-1 inhibitor+chemotherapy group had a significantly longer OS than the chemotherapy-alone group[hazard ratio(HR)=0.76,95%confidence interval(CI):0.71-0.81];the pooled PFS result was consistent with that of OS(HR=0.67,95%CI:0.61-0.74).The count of patients achieving an objective response in the PD-1 inhibitor+chemotherapy group surpassed that of the chemotherapy-alone group[odds ratio(OR)=1.86,95%CI:1.59-2.18].AE incidence was also higher in the combination-therapy group than in the chemotherapy-alone group,regardless of whether≥grade 3 only(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.07-1.57)or all AE grades(OR=1.88,95%CI:1.39-2.54)were examined.We performed a subgroup analysis based on the programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)combined positive score(CPS)and noted extended OS and PFS durations within the CPS≥1,CPS≥5,and CPS≥10 subgroups of the PD-1 inhibitor+chemotherapy group.CONCLUSION In contrast to chemotherapy alone,the combination of PD-1 inhibitor and chemotherapy appears to present a more favorable option for initial or subsequent treatment in patients with gastric cancer,GEJ tumor,or oesophageal cancer.This holds true particularly for individuals with PD-L1 CPS scores of≥5 and≥10.

Intravitreal conbercept injection with panretinal photocoagulation for high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy with vitreous hemorrhage

AIM:To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of combining panretinal photocoagulation(PRP)with intravitreal conbercept(IVC)injections for patients with high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy(HR-PDR)complicated by mild or moderate vitreous hemorrhage(VH),with or without diabetic macular edema(DME).METHODS:Patients diagnosed with VH with/without DME secondary to HR-PDR and received PRP combined with IVC injections were recruited in this retrospective study.Upon establishing the patient’s diagnosis,an initial IVC was performed,followed by prompt administration of PRP.In cases who significant bleeding persisted and impeded the laser operation,IVC was sustained before supplementing with PRP.Following the completion of PRP,patients were meticulously monitored for a minimum of six months.Laser therapy and IVC injections were judiciously adjusted based on fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)results.Therapeutic effect and the incidence of adverse events were observed.RESULTS:Out of 42 patients(74 eyes),29 were male and 13 were female,with a mean age of 59.17±12.74y(33-84y).The diabetic history was between 1wk and 26y,and the interval between the onset of visual symptoms and diagnosis of HR-PDR was 1wk-1y.The affected eye received 2.59±1.87(1-10)IVC injections and underwent 5.5±1.02(4-8)sessions of PRP.Of these,68 eyes received PRP following 1 IVC injection,5 eyes after 2 IVC injections,and 1 eye after 3 IVC injections.Complete absorption of VH was observed in all 74 eyes 5-50wk after initial treatment,with resolution of DME in 51 eyes 3-48wk after initial treatment.A newly developed epiretinal membrane was noted in one eye.Visual acuity significantly improved in 25 eyes.No complications such as glaucoma,retinal detachment,or endophthalmitis were reported.CONCLUSION:The study suggests that the combination of PRP with IVC injections is an effective and safe modality for treating diabetic VH in patients with HR-PDR.

奥美拉唑联合白眉蛇毒血凝酶对消化性溃疡并出血患者凝血指标及血小板参数变化的影响

目的探讨奥美拉唑联合白眉蛇毒血凝酶的治疗消化性溃疡并出血患者的临床疗效。方法选取2020年4月至2022年3月瑞金市总医院/瑞金市人民医院收治的80例消化性溃疡并出血患者作为研究对象,采用单双号法分为对照组与研究组,每组40例。对照组采用奥美拉唑治疗,研究组采用奥美拉唑联合白眉蛇毒血凝酶治疗,比较两组凝血功能指标、血小板参数、临床疗效、临床指标及不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,两组凝血酶时间(TT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)及活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)均短于治疗前,且研究组短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血小板计数(PLT)均高于治疗前,血小板比容(PCT)均大于治疗前,血小板体积(MPV)均小于治疗前,且研究组PLT高于对照组,PCT大于对照组,MPV小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组治疗总有效率为97.50%,高于对照组的77.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组止血时间、住院时间均短于对照组,复发率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论奥美拉唑联合白眉蛇毒血凝酶治疗消化性溃疡并出血疗效更佳,可有效改善患者凝血指标及血小板参数,缩短止血时间、住院时间,降低复发率,且安全性较高。

高脂血症及CT严重指数与非胆道性急性胰腺炎发热的关系探讨

目的探讨高脂血症及CT严重指数(CTSI)与非胆道性急性胰腺炎(AP)发热的关系。方法回顾性分析2020年6月至2022年6月瑞金市总医院收治的88例非胆道性AP发热患者的临床资料,按照临床表现、是否伴有高脂血症及CTSI评分分为轻症组(n=65)与重症组(n=23)。比较两组高脂血症、CTSI分级情况、甘油三酯(TG)水平、住院时间及并发症发生率;比较伴高脂血症与不伴高脂血症患者、不同CT-SI分级患者TG水平、住院时间及并发症发生率。结果轻症组伴高脂血症者占比为46.15%,明显低于重症组的82.61%,CTSI分级优于重症组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。伴高脂血症患者CTSI评分、并发症发生率均高于不伴高脂血症患者,住院时间长于不伴高脂血症患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。轻度患者TG水平高于中度、重度患者,住院时间短于中度、重度患者,并发症发生率低于重度患者,且中度患者TG水平低于重度患者,住院时间短于重度患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);轻度与中度并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义。轻症组TG水平、CTSI评分、并发症发生率均低于重症组,住院时间短于重症组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson分析结果显示,非胆道性AP发热患者血TG水平与CTSI评分呈正相关(r=0.471,P=0.028)。结论高脂血症及CT严重指数与非胆道性急性胰腺炎发热密切相关,可用于指导患者临床治疗,评估预后。

地方高校化学基础课虚拟教研室建设的探索与实践

依托学堂在线平台建设地方高校化学基础课虚拟教研室,提出了建设目标和内容。以“总-分”模式分层搭建虚拟教研室组织框架,以“模块化”建设虚拟教研平台。通过协同建设、协调共享线上线下资源,组织开展虚拟教研活动和教师培训提升教师教育教学能力,打造和构建地方高校化学基础课共建共享平台和教学学术共同体。

An Edge-Fog-Cloud Computing-Based Digital Twin Model for Prognostics Health Management of Process Manufacturing Systems

The prognostics health management(PHM)fromthe systematic viewis critical to the healthy continuous operation of processmanufacturing systems(PMS),with different kinds of dynamic interference events.This paper proposes a three leveled digital twinmodel for the systematic PHMof PMSs.The unit-leveled digital twinmodel of each basic device unit of PMSs is constructed based on edge computing,which can provide real-time monitoring and analysis of the device status.The station-leveled digital twin models in the PMSs are designed to optimize and control the process parameters,which are deployed for the manufacturing execution on the fog server.The shop-leveled digital twin maintenancemodel is designed for production planning,which gives production instructions fromthe private industrial cloud server.To cope with the dynamic disturbances of a PMS,a big data-driven framework is proposed to control the three-level digital twin models,which contains indicator prediction,influence evaluation,and decisionmaking.Finally,a case study with a real chemical fiber system is introduced to illustrate the effectiveness of the digital twin model with edge-fog-cloud computing for the systematic PHM of PMSs.The result demonstrates that the three-leveled digital twin model for the systematic PHM in PMSs works well in the system’s respects.

TNFR2 is a potent prognostic biomarker for post-transplant lung metastasis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective:Lung metastasis is a common and fatal complication of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).The precise prediction of post-transplant lung metastasis in the early phase is of great value.Methods:The mRNA profiles of primary and paired lung metastatic lesions were analyzed to determine key signaling pathways.We enrolled 241 HCC patients who underwent liver transplantation from three centers.Tissue microarrays were used to evaluate the prognostic capacity of tumor necrosis factor(TNF),tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1),and TNFR2,particularly for post-transplant lung metastasis.Results:Comparison of primary and lung metastatic lesions revealed that the TNF-dependent signaling pathway was related to lung metastasis of HCC.The expression of TNF was degraded in comparison to that in para-tumor tissues(P<0.001).The expression of key receptors in the TNF-dependent signaling pathway,TNFR1 and TNFR2,was higher in HCC tissues than in para-tumor tissues(P<0.001).TNF and TNFR1 showed no relationship with patients’outcomes,whereas elevated TNFR2 in tumor tissue was significantly associated with worse overall survival(OS)and increased recurrence risk(5-year OS rate:31.9%vs.62.5%,P<0.001).Notably,elevated TNFR2 levels were also associated with an increased risk of post-transplant lung metastasis(hazard ratio:1.146;P<0.001).Cox regression analysis revealed that TNFR2,Hangzhou criteria,age,and hepatitis B surface antigen were independent risk factors for post-transplant lung metastasis,and a novel nomogram was established accordingly.The nomogram achieved excellent prognostic efficiency(area under time-dependent receiver operating characteristic=0.755,concordance-index=0.779)and was superior to conventional models,such as the Milan criteria.Conclusions:TNFR2 is a potent prognostic biomarker for predicting post-transplant lung metastasis in patients with HCC.A nomogram incorporating TNFR2 deserves to be a helpful prognostic tool in liver transplantation for HCC.

中医外治联合舒适护理干预对妇科恶性肿瘤患者化疗期间生存质量及中医证候积分的影响

目的探讨中医外治联合舒适护理干预对妇科恶性肿瘤患者化疗期间生存质量及中医证候积分的影响。方法选取55例妇科恶性肿瘤化疗患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组27例及观察组28例。对照组采用常规护理干预,观察组采用中医外治联合舒适护理干预。对比两组患者化疗期间的生存质量、中医证候积分及不良反应发生情况。结果干预后,观察组健康调查简表评分高于对照组,中医证候积分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制、化疗性静脉炎发生率分别为10.7%、7.1%、3.6%,均低于对照组的37.0%、33.3%、25.9%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妇科恶性肿瘤患者化疗期间采用中医外治联合舒适护理干预,可改善其中医证候,提高生存质量,降低不良反应发生率,值得临床推广使用。

Hybrid simulation of q=1 high-order harmonics driven by passing energetic particles in tokamak plasmas

High-order harmonics q(ψ_(s))=1 energetic particle modes(EPMs)have been observed in toroidal plasmas experiments with neutral beam injection.To investigate these phenomena,linear properties and nonlinear dynamics of these EPMs driven by passing energetic particles(EPs)are studied via the global hybrid kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic code M3D-K.Simulation results demonstrate that passing EPs'effects on high mode-number harmonics(q(ψ_(s))=m/n=2/2,3/3,4/4)instability are more obvious than the q(ψ_(s))=1/1 mode,especially when q-profile is sufficiently flat in the core region.Furthermore,the effects of the pitch angleΛ_0 and beam ion pressure P_(hot)/P_(total)on the features of high n components are also analyzed specifically.It is found that there exists only one resonant condition for these EPMs.In the nonlinear phase,these high mode-number harmonics can induce significant energetic ions redistribution and chirping up phenomena,which differs from the classical fishbone excited by passing EPs.These discoveries are conducive to better apprehend the underlying physical mechanisms of the highorder harmonics driven by passing EPs.

Create Rich Oxygen Defects of Unique Tubular Hierarchical Molybdenum Dioxide to Modulate Electron Transfer Rate for Superior High-Energy Metal-Ion Hybrid Capacitor

Metal-ion capacitors could merit advantages from both batteries and capacitors,but they need to overcome the severe restrictions from their sluggish reaction kinetics of the battery type electrode and low specific capacitance of capacitor type electrode for both high energy and power density.Herein,we use the Kirkendall effect for the first time to synthesize unique tubular hierarchical molybdenum dioxide with encapsulated nitrogen-doped carbon sheets while in situ realizing phosphorus-doping to create rich oxygen vacancies(P-MoO_(2-x)@NP-C)as a sodium-ion electrode.Experimental and theoretical analysis confirm that the P-doping introduced oxygen defects can partially convert the high-bond-energy Mo–O to low-bond-energy Mo–P,resulting in a low oxidation state of molybdenum for enhanced surface reactivity and rapid reaction kinetics.The as-prepared P-MoO_(2-x)@NP-C as an ion-battery electrode is further used to pair active N-doped carbon nanosheet(N-C-A)electrode for Na-ion hybrid capacitor,delivering excellent performance with an energy density of 140.3 Wh kg^(−1),a power density of 188.5 W kg^(−1)and long stable life in non-aqueous solution,which ranks the best among all reported MoO x-based hybrid capacitors.P-MoO_(2-x)@NP-C is also used to fabricate a zinc-ion hybrid capacitor,also accomplishing a remarkable energy density of 43.8 Wh kg^(−1),a power density of 93.9 W kg^(−1),and a long stable life@2A g^(−1)of 32000 cycles in aqueous solutions,solidly verifying its universal significance.This work not only demonstrates an innovative approach to synthesize high-performance metal ion hybrid capacitor materials but also reveals certain scientific insights into electron transfer enhancement mechanisms.

Postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis after cesarean section and vaginal delivery:Two case reports

BACKGROUND Postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis(POVT)is a rare puerperal complication.It is easily missed or misdiagnosed due to its insidious onset and lack of specific clinical symptoms and signs.This paper reports two patients who developed right ovarian vein thrombosis after cesarean section and vaginal delivery,respectively.CASE SUMMARY Case 1 was a 32-year-old female who underwent a cesarean section in labor at 40 wk of gestation due to fetal distress.The patient was persistently febrile after the operation and escalated antibiotic treatment was ineffective.POVT was diagnosed by abdominal computed tomography(CT)and was treated by increasing the dose of low molecular weight heparin(LMWH).Case 2 was a 21-year-old female with a spontaneous vaginal delivery at 39 wk of gestation.The patient developed fever and abdominal pain 3 days after delivery.POVT was promptly identified by abdominal CT,and the condition was quickly controlled after treatment with LMWH and antibiotics.CONCLUSION These two cases occurred after cesarean section and vaginal delivery,respectively.The diagnosis was mainly based on imaging examination due to the unspecific clinical symptoms and signs,the CT scan provided an especially high diagnostic value.Comparing these two cases,escalating antibiotics alone did not provide significant therapeutic benefit,but the early escalation of anticoagulant dosage seemed to shorten the disease course.Therefore,early diagnosis by CT followed by aggressive anticoagulation might have a positive effect on improving the prognosis of the disease.

基于推拿教材分析腰椎坐位定位旋转扳法的发展脉络

【目的】分析各版本推拿教材中关于腰椎坐位定位旋转扳法的内容并探究其发展脉络。【方法】收集1960年至2021年间出版的36本推拿类教材,整理并分析腰椎坐位定位旋转扳法的主要内容,比较其在操作要领、临床适应症等方面的差异性。【结果】通过汇总各版本教材中对该扳法的描述,发现该扳法变化的重点在于定位、旋转、发力技巧以及“弹响声”。【结论】随着教材版本的不断更新,腰椎坐位定位旋转扳法的归类从笼统到具体、定义从模糊到清晰、操作要领从简单到详尽,手法逐渐规范,其作用和适应证也不断地丰富和完善。该手法对于治疗腰椎疾患具有较大优势,选取该手法作为研究方向有助于其在腰椎疾患的治疗领域中发挥出更大作用。通过该文的梳理和总结,得出的研究成果将有助于初学者在学习该手法过程中的理解和掌握,以及为推拿医生的临床治疗提供一定参考。

Distribution of Partial Arc Propagation Path on Insulator and Its Discrimination Method

Pollution flashover is one of themajor insulation accidents that can occur inmodern power systems.If the local arc is not sufficiently elongated by the creepage distance,the flashover performance of the insulator will decrease.The insulator structure and equivalent salt deposition density(ESDD)are the main factors affecting the arc path and length.To investigate the forms of arc paths under different insulator structures and their influence on flashover characteristics,a platformfor recording arc paths is established.This study presents amethod to identify the pattern and distribution of insulator arc paths based on the effect of initial arc on electric field distribution.The results show that there are two main types of local arc paths between umbrellas—the cling-surface arc and the air-jump arc.Moreover,the air-jump arc includes two types—the bridging arc and the gap arc.With the increase in umbrella spacing and ESDD,the probability of arc propagation along the surface increases.The use of the creepage distance can be improved by changing the creepage coefficient to increase the distance between umbrellas.This method has over 90%accuracy.This study is of great significance for improving insulator structure and reducing pollution flashover accidents.

中医特色护理对大肠湿热型溃疡性结肠炎患者生存质量的影响

目的探讨具有中医特色护理干预措施对大肠湿热型溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者生存质量和临床症状改善的影响。方法选取2018年8月—2019年10月在脾胃病科住院的80例UC患者为研究对象,患者按随机数字表法分为干预组40例和对照组40例。对照组采用UC常规治疗及护理。干预组采取中医特色护理干预,包括辨证施护、延续护理等。对比2组干预前后生活质量及腹痛、腹泻和便血症状积分。结果干预3个月后,2组中文版炎症性肠病问卷(IBDQ)肠道症状、全身症状、情感症状、社会能力得分及总量表得分均高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且干预组均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预1、3个月后,2组腹痛、腹泻和便血积分均低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且干预组均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中医特色护理干预可有效提高大肠湿热型UC患者的生存质量,改善患者的不适症状。

美国伊利诺伊州儿童社会情感学习标准的落实——基于霍尼格政策实施理论的分析

自幼儿阶段开始培养儿童的社会情感能力,有助于促进儿童的全面发展,为其将来的学校学习做好准备。美国伊利诺伊州在制定和完善儿童社会情感学习标准、提供支持促进儿童社会情感学习标准落实方面取得了显著成就。从霍尼格的政策实施理论分析伊利诺伊州的经验,可以发现其之所以能够成功,主要原因在于该州不仅有系统明确的政策,统一了各相关行动者对儿童社会情感能力的认识与发展期待,而且建构了不同相关机构与团体互动协商的实施机制,共同助力教师与家长不断提高支持儿童社会情感学习的教育能力。这使得伊利诺伊州形成了互相尊重与信任的文化,能够广泛调动各个层面的政策实施者的能动性,由此带来了政策工具的持续更新与相关资源的优化配置。我国若要进一步推动包括社会情感领域在内的幼儿学习与发展指南的落实,应进一步清晰界定政策目标和工具,形成有序且灵活的标准框架;以信任文化孕育共识,发挥政策对象的能动性;提升系统间的协同性,改进标准实施的支持系统。

西南大学化学(师范)一流本科专业建设与实践

全面振兴本科教育,提高高校人才培养能力,创建一流本科专业,建设一流本科教育,是大学教育在新时代的必然趋势。本文从西南大学化学(师范)专业培养方案的制定,基层教学组织的建设,教学内容和教学方法的改革,教育教学实践等方面介绍了一些一流专业的建设思路,可为相关专业的建设提供参考。