复杂铅铋精矿氧化熔池熔炼过程的热力学模拟

采用热力学平衡模拟方法研究复杂铅铋精矿富氧熔池熔炼过程中的元素分配行为,分析氧料比(OFR)和硫分压(pSO2)对Bi、Pb、As、Sb、Cu和Ag分配行为的影响,并对比模拟计算结果与工业数据。结果表明,该过程中OFR在6.3~6.8kmol/t之间有利于最大化Bi、Pb、Cu和Ag在金属相中的分配,进一步增加OFR将导致金属相分配率下降和渣液化温度提高。此外,高pSO2将导致Bi和Pb以硫化物形式大量分配至烟尘相,这表明低pSO2有利于降低过程烟尘率。

采用硫化沉淀法从酸性废水中除砷及其水热成矿稳定化（英文）

为实现对含砷酸性废水的安全处理,本文作者提出硫化法沉砷和水热成矿稳定砷的新工艺。在硫化沉淀最佳条件下,废水中99.65%的砷以无定形As2S3的形式沉淀。由于该沉淀在TCLP试验中砷的浸出浓度高达212.97 mg/L,因此,采用水热成矿法提高As2S3的稳定性。结果表明,经矿化的As2S3的砷浸出浓度仅为4.82 mg/L。此外,在矿化剂Na2SO4的作用下,无定形As2S3可转变为As2S3晶体,且砷浸出液浓度进一步降至3.86 mg/L。水热成矿法是稳定硫化砷的有效方法。因此,该工艺在含砷废水的处理中具有较大应用前景。

铜冶炼烟尘的控电位氧化浸出（英文）

采用氧化浸出和电位控制技术从铜冶炼烟尘中浸出金属,研究H2O2用量、H2O2加入速度、初始盐酸浓度、浸出温度、初始液固比和浸出时间对金属浸出率的影响。最终得到最优浸出条件为:H2O2用量0.8mL/g(氧化还原电位为429 mV)、H2O2加入速度1.0 mL/min、初始硫酸浓度1.0 mol/L、初始盐酸浓度1.0 mol/L、浸出温度80°C、初始液固比5:1 mL/g以及浸出时间1.5 h。在此最优条件下,铜冶炼烟尘中的铜和砷能被有效地浸出,剩下的浸出渣可作为一种合适的铅冶炼资源。此时,铜、砷和铁的平均浸出率分别为95.27%、96.82%和46.65%。

Perirenal space blocking restores gastrointestinal function in patients with severe acute pancreatitis

AIM:To investigate effects of perirenal space blocking(PSB)on gastrointestinal function in patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).METHODS:Forty patients with SAP were randomly allocated to receive PSB or no PSB(NPSB).All the SAP patients received specialized medical therapy(SMT).Patients in the PSB group received PSB+SMT when hospitalized and after diagnosis,whereas patients in the NPSB group only received SMT.A modifed gastrointestinal failure(GIF)scoring system was used to assess the gastrointestinal function in SAP patients after admission.Pain severity(visual analog scale,0 to100)was monitored every 24 h for 72 h.RESULTS:Modified GIF score decreased in both groups during the 10-d study period.The median score decrease was initially significantly greater in the PSB group than in the NPSB group after PSB was per-formed.During the 72-h study period,pain intensity decreased in both groups.The median pain decrease was significantly greater in the PSB group than in the NPSB group at single time points.Patients in the PSB group had significantly lower incidences of hospital mortality,multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,systemic inflammatory response syndrome,and pancreatic infection,and stayed in the intensive care unit for a shorter duration.However,no difference in terms of operation incidence was found between the two groups.CONCLUSION:PSB could ameliorate gastrointestinal dysfunction or failure during the early stage of SAP.Moreover,PSB administration could improve prognosis and decrease the mortality of SAP patients.

Relationship between contrast sensitivity and corneal shape following overnight orthokeratology

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between contrast sensitivity(CS) and corneal shape following overnight orthokeratology(OK). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective clinical study of 80 lens-wearing myopia patients, all of whom had undergone OK and had been evaluated by Orbscan II topography. We measured the surface irregularity index(SIRI) of corneal topography at 3 and 5 mm, the size of the flattened central corneal curvature of OK lens(zone A), the size of the cornea altered by OK lens(zone B), the size of the pupillary area at the corneal level(zone C), the area of crossover between zones A and C(zone AC), the area of crossover between zones B and C(BC), the ratio of BC to B(BC/B), and the ratio of AC to C(AC/C). CS was evaluated using the CSV-1000 with spatial frequencies of 3, 6, 12, and 18 cycles/degree(CPD). RESULTS: Multiple correlation analyses indicated significant negative correlations between CS, zone C, BC/B, and 3-mm SIRI(all P<0.01). There were no significant differences between CS, zone B, AC/A, or 5-mm SIRI(P=0.60, 0.94 and 0.11, respectively). Zone C was negatively correlated with 3, 6, 12, and 18 CPD. 5-mm SIRI were negatively correlated with 6, 12, and 18 CPD. BC/C was negatively correlated with 6 and 18 CPD. AC/C was positively correlated with 3 CPD. CONCLUSION: Zone C, 3-mm SIRI and BC/B affect the CS following overnight OK.

基于水热还原转化从废铅膏中回收铅的清洁工艺（英文）

提出一种环境友好、节能的新方法从废铅膏中回收铅。首先在水热条件下,通过葡萄糖将废铅膏中的二氧化铅彻底还原,详细研究反应时间、葡萄糖过量系数、温度和pH值对水热还原过程的影响,在最优条件,即温度175°C、时间120 min、葡萄糖过量系数3.0和pH 5.5,二氧化铅还原率达到99.9%,还原渣中只有PbO·PbSO4和Pb SO4两种物相。随后,还原渣在氢氧化钠溶液中进行脱硫转化,脱硫率达到99.40%,脱硫渣中铅主要以3Pb O·H2O物相存在。

高度近视眼不同后巩膜形态黄斑中心凹分布研究

目的:研究高度近视眼黄斑中心凹在不同后巩膜形态的分布。方法:收集2016-05/2018-02南昌大学第三附属医院高度近视患者126例207眼,按照Curtin的后巩膜形态分类方法分为三组:A组为Ⅰ和Ⅱ型后巩膜形态眼,B组为Ⅲ型后巩膜形态眼,C组为Ⅶ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ型后巩膜形态眼。将眼底后极部区域分为1、2、3区域。测量中心凹至通过视盘中心垂直线的水平距离(HDFCO)、中心凹至通过视盘中心水平线的垂直距离(VDFCO)和视力。研究在高度近视不同后巩膜形态中心凹位置的分布。结果:在后极部1区,3眼(1.5%)均来自A组。在后极部2区,117眼(56.5%)来自A组,15眼(7.2%)来自B组,13眼(6.3%)来自C组。三组HDFCO分别为5037±507、4771±509、5585±773μm(F=8.38,P<0.01)。三组VDFCO分别为615±297、643±322、504±363(F=0.87,P=0.41)。在后极部3区,43眼(20.7%)来自A组,7眼(3.4%)来自B组,9眼(4.4%)来自C组。三组HDFCO分别为5048±683、4444±540、5293±840(F=3.13,P=0.05)。三组VDFCO分别为1385±484、1225±201、1664±318μm(F=2.18,P=0.12)。中心凹位于2区和3区的高度近视眼平均最佳矫正视力(LogMAR)分别为4.87±0.22和4.77±0.27(t=-1.55,P=0.12)。结论:高度近视眼黄斑中心凹位置在不同后巩膜形态中发生轻微变化,对最佳矫正视力无影响。

Change in foveal position based on age and axial length in high myopic eyes

AIM：To evaluate the influence of age and axial length（AL） on the position of the fovea in patients with high myopia（HM）.METHODS：In this prospective study,96 patients（186 eyes） with HM were consecutively recruited from the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University.DRI-OCT Atlantis,fundus imaging,and IOL Master were used in this study.Three indices were measured：the distance between the fovea and the optic nerve head（ONH） center（DFO）,the vertical distance between the fovea and the horizontal line pass of the ONH center（VDFO）,and the horizontal distance between the fovea and the vertical line pass of the ONH center（HDFO）.These measurements were used to analyze the effects of different age groups（A1,A2,A3 groups） and AL（AL1,AL2,AL3,AL4 groups） on these indices.RESULTS：The results showed that there was no statistical significance in DFO among the age and AL groups（F=0.46,0.37;P=0.62,0.76,respectively）.In HDFO,there was also no statistical significance among the age and AL groups（F=0.10,0.48;P=0.90,0.69,respectively）.In VDFO,however,the difference in the age and AL groups was statistically significant（F=3.21,3.12;P=0.04,0.02,respectively）.Thus,VDFO were correlated with age and AL（r=0.21,0.23,all P〈0.01）,while HDFO and DFO were not correlated with age and AL（r=0.30,P〉0.05）.CONCLUSION：In high myopia,the foveal position changes mainly in the vertical direction along with factors of age and AL.

Antimony Selenide Thin Film Solar Cells with an Electron Transport Layer of Alq3

We fabricated Sb 2 Se 3 thin film solar cells using tris(8-hydroxy-quinolinato)aluminum(Alq 3)as an electron transport layer by vacuum thermal evaporation.Another small organic molecule of N,N'-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)benzidine(NPB)was used as a hole transport layer.We took ITO/NPB/Sb 2 Se 3/Alq 3/Al as the device architecture.An open circuit voltage(V o c)of 0.37 V,a short circuit current density(J s c)of 21.2 mA/cm 2,and a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 3.79%were obtained on an optimized device.A maximum external quantum efficiency of 73%was achieved at 600 nm.The J s c,V o c,and PCE were dramatically enhanced after introducing an electron transport layer of Alq 3.The results suggest that the interface state density at Sb 2 Se 3/Al interface is decreased by inserting an Alq 3 layer,and the charge recombination loss in the device is suppressed.This work provides a new electron transport material for Sb 2 Se 3 thin film solar cells.

Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Desmoplastic Fibroblastoma by Clinical, Radiological, and Histopathological Analyses

Background： Desmoplastic fibroblastoma （collagenous fibroma） is an uncommon benign soft-tissue tumor, rarely involving bone. It shares some overlapping features with other infiltrate tumors, such as desmoid-type fibromatosis, neurofibroma, and low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma. The misdiagnosis may cause unnecessary surgical overtreatment, especially for those involving bone. In order to deepen the understanding of the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of desmoplastic fibroblastoma, we planned to analyze the clinical, radiological, and histopathological features and the outcome of desmoplastic fibroblastoma on the basis of case analysis and literature review. Methods： Sixteen cases were retrieved from the surgical pathology records from May 2011 to April 2016 in the Department of Pathology in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of 16 cases of desmoplastic fibroblastoma were collected. Hematoxylin and eosin stain and immunohistochemistry were used to observe the histological features of desmoplastic fibroblastoma of soft tissue and bone. The images for diagnosis obtained from the ultrasonic examination, X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography were used to observe the radiological features. Related literatures were retrieved from the PubMed and CNKI databases. Results： Sixteen cases of desmoplastic fibroblastoma of soft tissue were located in the hand （n = 7）, loot （n = 4）, upper arm （n = 1）, shoulder （n = 1）, forearm （n = 2）, and one case occurred in the proximal femur. Age ranged from 32 to 82 years （median age： 58 years）. There were six females and ten males. Histologically, the lesions of soft tissue appeared as well-circumscribed masses with abundant collagenous matrix and low vascularity. Tumor cells were stellate- or spindle-shaped and uniformly distributed within the extracellular matrix. In five cases, the desmoplastic fibroblastoma were found to have infiltrated into the skeletal muscle tissue. In one case ofdesmoplastic fibroblastoma of bone, radiographs revealed osteolytically well-defined lesion, lmmunohistochemistry stain showed that vimentin and smooth muscle actin were positive in all cases of desmoplastic fibroblastoma. Conclusions： Desmoplastic fibroblastoma （collagenous fibroma） has prominent clinical, histopathological, and radiological features. Before the differential diagnosis from other tumors is obtained by thorough analysis and comparison of the similar and different characteristics, the appropriate surgical management and accurate prognosis evaluation could not be delivered to the patient.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Assessment of Long Bone Tumors

Background： Wide resection margins of osseous tumors are associated with a low incidence of local recurrence, making accurate measurement of the intraosseous extent of primary malignant long bone tumors is crucial. We compared the intraosseous tumor extent assessed by magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） with the gross specimen to evaluate the accuracy of MRI. Methods： A total of 255 patients with primary malignant tumors in the long bones were included. Using MRI, we defined the length of tumor as the distance from the articular surface to the boundary between abnormal and normal marrow signal. The extent of the abnormal intraosseous signal was measured on unenhanced T1-weighted （T1WI） magnetic resonance images after chemotherapy. All gross surgical specimens were sectioned, and tumor extent was measured. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to test the differences between MRI and gross specimen findings. Spearman＇s correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between groups. Results： Median tumor length by gross specimen （112 mm; range, 45–300 mm） was longer than that by MRI （108 mm; range, 45–304 mm;Z = -6.916, P 〈 0.001）. Of 255 images, tumor length was accurately represented on 27 T1WI magnetic resonance images, overestimated on 79 images, and underestimated on 149 images. The median difference between imaging and gross specimen measurements was 2.0 mm （range： 1.0–15.0 mm） for the 79 cases where tumor length was overestimated, and 5.0 mm （range： 1.0–18.0 mm） for the 149 cases where tumor length was underestimated. The Spearman correlation demonstrated a high correlation of tumor length on gross specimen with the tumor length on MRI （R = 0.99, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions： We conclude that preoperative MRI could be a useful method in determining intramedullary malignant bone tumor boundaries and may serve as an accepted assessment method of long bone tumors before limb-sparing surgery.

Low frequency vibration tests on a floating slab track in an underground laboratory

Low frequency vibrations induced by underground railways have attracted increasing attention in recent years. To obtain the characteristics of low frequency vibrations and the low frequency performance of a floating slab track (FST), low frequency vibration tests on an FST in an underground laboratory at Beijing Jiaotong University were carried out. The FST and an unbalanced shaker SBZ30 for dynamic simulation were designed for use in low frequency vibration experiments. Vibration measurements were performed on the bogie of the unbalanced shaker, the rail, the slab, the tunnel invert, the tunnel wall, the tunnel apex, and on the ground surface at distances varying from 0 to 80 m from the track. Measurements were also made on several floors of an adjacent building. Detailed results of low frequency vibration tests were reported. The attenuation of low frequency vibrations with the distance from the track was presented, as well as the responses of different floors of the building. The experimental results could be regarded as a reference for developing methods to control low frequency vibrations and for adopting countermeasures.

Fundamentals and photocatalytic hydrogen evolution applications of quaternary chalcogenide semiconductor:Cu_(2)ZnSnS_(4)

Inexpensive,safe,and efficient conversion of solar energy to hydrogen from water splitting requires the development of effective and durable photocatalysts.Cu_(2)ZnSnS_(4)(CZTS),the emerging quaternary chalcogenide material for solar energy conversion,possesses many advantages,such as narrow direct band gap(1.5 eV),nontoxic,earth-abundance,and low melting point.Currently,CZTS-based photocatalysts have been extensively investigated for their application as an active photocatalyst in hydrogen evolution from water splitting,while the performance is still highly needed to be improved for the practical applications.In this review,first,the crystal and band structure properties of CZTS are briefly introduced,and afterward,the basic principle of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water splitting is discussed.Subsequently,the performance and status of bare CZTS,the combination of CZTS and co-catalysts,and CZTSbased heterojunction photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution are reviewed and discussed in detail.Finally,the issues and challenges currently encountered in the application of CZTS and their possible solutions for developing advanced CZTS photocatalysts are provided.

从废水中回收能量的微生物燃料电池技术:走向实际应用的机遇和挑战(英文)

废水中蕴含着大量能量,如何高效地回收利用这些能量对于满足世界能源需求,降低废水处理成本,提高污水处理的可持续性具有重要意义。微生物燃料电池(MFC)是近年来发展起来的一种从废水的有机污染物中提取能量的新型生物技术,有望实现废水处理的可持续性发展。然而,目前MFC技术离实际应用还有很长的距离。MFC系统的扩大化问题是阻碍该技术实际应用的关键。本文详细讨论了MFC扩大化过程中的主要问题和挑战,并提出了未来的发展方向。MFC与其他技术结合可以实现较高的出水水质或获得高商业价值的化学品,然而该方面的研究才刚刚起步,要实现其实际应用还需要解决许多问题,包括如何提高生产效率,提高经济可行性,提升系统的稳定性和可靠性等。

Biomechanical Properties of Synthetic Mesh Reconstructed Glenohumeral Joint Capsule

Synthetic mesh is often used in soft tissue reconstruction after artificial prosthesis replacement for patients with proximal humeral bone tumors.We carried out biomechanical and histological tests on two amputated extremities to test the stability of the joint and the biocompatibility of the synthetic meshes.

Interfacial Oxides Evolution of High-Speed Steel Joints by Hot-Compression Bonding

The interfacial oxidation behavior of Cr_(4)Mo_(4) V high-speed steel(HSS)joints undergoing hot-compression bonding was investigated by using optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).In the heating and holding processes,dispersed rod-like and granularδ-Al_(2)O_(3) oxides were formed at the interface and in the matrix near the interface due to the selective oxidation and internal oxidation of Al,while irregular Si-Al-O compounds and spheroidal SiO_(2) particles were formed at the interface.After the post-holding treatment,SiO_(2) oxides and Si-Al-O compounds were dissolved into the matrix,andδ-Al_(2)O_(3) oxides were transformed into nanoscaleα-Al_(2)O_(3) particles,which did not deteriorate the mechanical properties of the joints.The formation and migration of newly-formed grain boundaries by plastic deformation and post-holding treatment were the main mechanism for interface healing.The tensile test results showed that the strength of the healed joints was comparable to that of the base material,and the in-situ tensile observations proved that the fracture was initiated at the grain boundary of the matrix rather than at the interface.The clarification of interfacial oxides and microstructure is essential for the application of hot-compression bonding of HSSs.

Circulating osteopontin per tumor volume as a prognostic biomarker for resectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Background:The role of osteopontin(OPN)in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)remains controversial.This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of OPN in patients with ICC undergoing curative resection.Methods:Patients undergoing curative resection from 2005 to 2016 were identified for inclusion in this retrospective study.The expression level of OPN in tumors was measured in each of the 228 patients by immunohistochemistry.Circulating OPN in serum was tested in 124 patients by ELISA.Tumor volume was calculated according to preoperative imaging or operation record.Proliferation assay,wound healing assay,and invasion assay were performed to investigate the biological function.Results:Low expression of OPN in tissue was associated with lymph node metastasis(P=0.009)and shorter overall survival(OS)(P=0.001).A low level of circulating OPN/volume was associated with multiple tumors(P<0.001),vascular invasion(P=0.027),visceral peritoneal perforation(P=0.001),and lymph node metastasis(P=0.002).It was also able to predict the invasive behavior,lymph node metastasis,and early recurrence with the area under the receiver operating curve(AUC)of being 0.719,0.708 and 0.622 respectively.Patients with a low level of circulating OPN/volume had shorter OS(P=0.028)and disease-free survival(DFS)(P=0.004)and could benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy(P=0.011).Compared with negative controlled cells,ICC cell lines,which expressed more OPN,showed a decelerated proliferation rate,the weaker ability of migration and invasion,while the opposite was true for the cells expressed less OPN.MMP1,MMP10,and CXCR4 were negatively regulated by OPN.Conclusions:A low level of circulating OPN/volume could indicate aggressive characteristics,along with poor prognosis and efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in ICC patients.Over expression of OPN may inhibit phenotypes facilitating ICC metastasis by negatively regulating MMP1,MMP10,and CXCR4.