Structural color of metallic glass through picosecond laser

The alteration in surface color of metallic glasses(MGs)holds great significance in the context of microstructuredesign and commercial utility.It is essential to accurately describe the structures that are formed during the laser and colorseparation processes in order to develop practical laser coloring applications.Due to the high oxidation sensitivity of Labasedmetallic glass,it can broaden the color range but make it more complex.Structure coloring by laser processing on thesurface of La-based metallic glass can be conducted after thermoplastic forming.It is particularly important to clarify therole of structure and composition in the surface coloring process.The aim is to study the relationship between amorphoussurface structural color,surface geometry,and oxide formation by laser processing in metallic glasses.The findings revealedthat the periodic structure primarily determines the surface color at laser energy densities below 1.0 J/mm^(2).In contrast,thesurface color predominantly depends on the proportion of oxides that are formed when energy densities exceed 1.0 J/mm^(2).Consequently,this study provides a novel concept for the fundamental investigation of laser coloring and establishes a newavenue for practical application.

Results of 23 yr of Pulsar Timing of PSR J1453-6413

In this paper,we presented the 23.3 yr of pulsar timing results of PSR J1456-6413 based on the observations of Parkes 64 m radio telescope.We detected two new glitches at MJD 57093(3)and 59060(12)and confirmed its first glitch at MJD 54554(10).The relative sizes(Δν/ν)of these two new glitches are 0.9×10^(-9)and 1.16×10^(-9),respectively.Using the“Cholesky”timing analysis method,we have determined its position,proper motion,and two-dimensional transverse velocities from the data segments before and after the second glitch,respectively.Furthermore,we detected exponential recovery behavior after the first glitch,with a recovery timescale of approximately 200 days and a corresponding exponential recovery factor Q of approximately 0.15(2),while no exponential recovery was detected for the other two glitches.More interestingly,we found that the leading component of the integral pulse profile after the second glitch became stronger,while the main component became weaker.Our results will expand the sample of pulsars with magnetosphere fluctuation triggered by the glitch event.

Identification of an LDLR variant in a Chinese familial hypercholesterolemia and its relation to ROS/NLRP3-Mediated pyroptosis in hepatic cells

BACKGROUND Familial hypercholesterolemia(FH)is a common autosomal dominant hereditary disease.Its early diagnosis and intervention significantly improve the patient’s quality of life.However,there are few types of research on the FH pathogenic genes in China.METHODS In this study,we recruited a family diagnosed with FH and used whole exome sequencing(WES)to analyze the proband variants.Intracellular cholesterol level,reactive oxygen species(ROS)level,and the expression of pyroptosis-related genes were detected after overexpression of wild-type or variant LDLR in L02 cells.RESULTS A heterozygous missense variant predicted to be deleterious to LDLR(c.1879G>A,p.Ala627Thr)was identified in the proband.Mechanistically,intracellular cholesterol level,ROS level,and the expression of pyroptosis-related genes,nucleotidebinding oligomerization domain-like receptor family protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome and components(caspase 1,apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain(ASC)and NLRP3),gasdermin D(GSDMD),interleukin(IL)-18,IL-1βwas elevated in the variant LDLR group,which was attenuated by inhibition of ROS.CONCLUSIONS FH is associated with a variant(c.1879G>A,p.Ala627Thr)in the LDLR gene.Regarding the mechanism,the ROS/NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in hepatic cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of the LDLR variant.

非痴呆帕金森病患者眼区面孔情绪认知功能与事件相关电位P300的相关性分析

目的通过对非痴呆帕金森病(PD)患者眼区面孔情绪识别功能和事件相关电位P300检测,探讨非痴呆PD患者面孔情绪认知功能损害的特点,以及情绪识别与P300潜伏期和波幅的相关性。方法选取2016年8月—2018年6月于安徽医科大学附属巢湖医院神经内科确诊的非痴呆PD患者28例作为非痴呆PD组,选取同期该院健康体检者32例作为对照组。应用眼区面孔情绪识别测验和P300检测,观察喜、惊、恐、悲、厌及怒的识别得分,以及P300潜伏期和波幅,并比较6种情绪识别得分与P300潜伏期和波幅的相关性。结果与对照组比较,非痴呆PD组在恐、悲及厌的情绪面孔识别得分较对照组低(P<0.05),非痴呆PD组P300潜伏期较对照组长(P<0.05),波幅较对照组低(P<0.05);P300潜伏期与恐、悲、厌及怒得分呈负相关(r=-0.718、-0.614、-0.818和-0.829,P<0.05),P300波幅与悲、厌及怒得分呈正相关(r=0.824、0.928和0.621,P<0.05)。结论非痴呆PD患者存在眼区面孔情绪认知功能损害,以恐、悲及厌负性面孔情绪认知损害为主,进一步证实了基底节参与情绪认知加工的假说;P300与面孔情绪识别得分具有良好的相关性,P300潜伏期和波幅是反映早期非痴呆PD患者情绪认知功能障碍的敏感指标。

男性精神分裂症患者睾酮水平及与认知功能的相关性研究

目的探讨男性精神分裂症患者与健康男性血清睾酮水平表达差异及其与患者认知功能的相关性。方法选取中国人民解放军102医院男性首发精神分裂症患者64例为研究组,同期健康体检男性57例为对照组。检测两组研究对象的血清睾酮水平,评估认知功能,对检测结果进行相关性分析。结果研究组血清睾酮水平与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组认知功能测试中,数字划销时间、连线A测试结果高于对照组(P <0.05),范畴流畅、空间广度、木块图、连续定步调听觉正确数、连续定步调听觉尝试数低于对照组(P <0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,健康男性睾酮水平与数字划销时间、连线A、空间广度、木块图、连续定步调听觉正确数、连续定步调听觉尝试数无相关(P>0.05),男性精神分裂症患者睾酮水平与数字划销时间、连线A呈正相关(P <0.05),与空间广度、木块图、连续定步调听觉正确数、连续定步调听觉尝试数呈负相关(P <0.05),与范畴流畅无相关(P>0.05)。结论首发男性精神分裂症患者血清睾酮水平与健康男性无差异。男性精神分裂症患者血清睾酮水平与空间记忆、注意功能呈负相关,可通过调节患者睾酮水平的方法改善其认知功能。

Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate TNBS-induced colitis by modulating inflammatory and autoimmune responses

AIM: To investigate the potential therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we transplanted MSCs into an experimental model of IBD. METHODS: A rectal enema of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) (100 mg/kg body weight) was administered to female BALB/c mice. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were derived from male green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice and were transplanted intravenously into the experimental animals after disease onset. Clinical activity scores and histological changes were evaluated. GFP and Sex determining region Y gene (SRY ) expression were used for cell tracking. Ki67 positive cells and Lgr5-expressing cells were determined to measure proliferative activity. Inflammatory response was determined by mea-suring the levels of different inflammatory mediators in the colon and serum. The inflammatory cytokines included tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, IL-17, IL-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF-β). Master regulators of Th1 cells (T-box expressed in T cells, T-bet), Th17 cells (retinoid related orphan receptor gamma(t), RORγt), Th2 cells (GATA family of transcription factors 3, GATA3) and regulatory T cells (forkhead box P3, Foxp3) were also determined. RESULTS: Systemic infusion of GFP-BMSCs ameliorated the clinical and histopathologic severity of colitis, including body weight loss, diarrhea and inflammation, and increased survival (P < 0.05). The cell tracking study showed that MSCs homed to the injured colon. MSCs promoted proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (P < 0.01). This therapeutic effect was mainly mediated by downregulation of both Th1-Th17-driven autoimmune and inflammatory responses (IL-2, TNF-α, IFN-γ, T-bet; IL-6, IL-17, RORγt), and by up-regulation of Th2 activities (IL-4, IL-10, GATA-3) (P < 0.05). MSCs also induced activated CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cells (TGF-β, IL-10, Foxp3) with a suppressive capacity on Th1-Th17 effecter responses and promoted Th2 differentiation in vivo (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: MSCs are key regulators of immune and inflammatory responses and may be an attractive candidate for cell-based therapy of IBD.

Cap rock blast caving of cavity under open pit bench

A laser technique based scanning system was employed to make a comprehensive scanning through borehole forunmapped cavity under open pit bench,then the three-dimensional data will be obtained,and these data were used for theoreticalanalysis and numerical simulation to analyze the stability of cap rock.Acoustic emission techniques were also adopted to carry outlong term real time rupture monitoring in cap rock.Therefore,a complete safety evaluation system for the cap rock was establishedto ensure safe operation of subsequent blasting processes.The ideal way of eliminating collapse hazard of such cavity is cap rockcaving through deep-hole blasting,thus,two deep-hole blasting schemes named as vertical deep-hole blasting scheme and one-timeraise driving integrated with deep-hole bench blasting scheme were proposed.The vertical deep-hole blasting scheme has moreexplosive consumption,but the relatively simple blasting net work structure can greatly reduce workloads.However,the one-timeraise driving integrated with deep-hole bench blasting scheme can obviously reduce explosive consumption,but the higher technicalrequirements on drilling,explosive charging and blasting network will increase workloads.

Biflavone Ginkgetin,a Novel Wnt Inhibitor,Suppresses the Growth of Medulloblastoma

Medulloblastoma(MB)is a form of malignant brain tumor that predominantly arises in infants and children,of which approximately 25%is due to upregulation of canonical Wnt pathway with mainly mutations in CTNNB1.Therefore,Wnt inhibitors could offer rational therapeutic strategies and chemoprevention for this malignant cancer.In our present study,we undertook a screening for antagonists of Wnt signaling from 600 natural compounds,and identified Ginkgetin,a biflavone isolated from Cephalotaxus fortunei var.alpina.Ginkgetin inhibited Wnt pathway with an IC50 value around 5.92 lM and structure–activity relationship analysis suggested the methoxy group in Ginkgetin as a functional group.Biflavone Ginkgetin showed obvious cytotoxicity in Daoy and D283 MB cells.Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry showed that Ginkgetin induced efficiently G2/M phase arrest in Daoy cells.Further mechanism studies showed that Ginkgetin reduced the expression of Wnt target genes,including Axin2,cyclinD1 and survivin in MB cells.The phosphorylation level of b-catenin also decreased in a time-and concentration-dependent manner.Collectively,our data suggest that Ginkgetin is a novel inhibitor of Wnt signaling,and as such warrants further exploration as a promising antimedulloblastoma candidate.

Growth and Stabilization of Silver Nanoplates in Aqueous Solvent Monitored Through UV-Vis Spectra

Sliver nanoplates were prepared through a visible light induced reduction process by a reaction between sodium citrate and silver nitrate in an aqueous solvent at room temperature. UV-Vis spectra were employed to monitor the growth of the silver nanoplates. The resulting spectra indicated that, at an early stage, the products were spherical particles with planar nanoparticles appearing and growing subsequently. In the last stages of the process, some spherical particles were consumed by the growth of the nanoparticles, through an Ostwald ripening mechanism. Furthermore, it was found that the addition of either Poly（Vinyl Pyrrolidone） （PVP） or excessive citrate could stabilize the colloidal system effectively, and that rigorous stirring was necessary for the anticipant products, Introduction of a large quantities of sodium hydroxide can dramatically accelerate the reactive rate of the photoreduction process.

High-throughput identification of one-dimensional atomic wires and first principles calculations of their electronic states

Low dimensional materials are suitable candidates applying in next-generation high-performance electronic,optoelectronic,and energy storage devices because of their uniquely physical and chemical properties.In particular,one-dimensional(1D)atomic wires(AWs)exfoliating from 1D van der Waals(vdW)bulks are more promising in next generation nanometer(nm)even sub-nm device applications owing to their width of few-atoms scale and free dandling bonds states.Although several 1D AWs have been experimentally prepared,few 1D AW candidates could be practically applied in devices owing to lack of enough suitable 1D AWs.Herein,367 kinds of 1D AWs have been screened and the corresponding computational database including structures,electronic structures,magnetic states,and stabilities of these 1D AWs has been organized and established.Among these systems,unary and binary 1D AWs with relatively small exfoliation energy are thermodynamically stable and theoretically feasible to be exfoliated.More significantly,rich quantum states emerge,such as 1D semiconductors,1D metals,1D semimetals,and 1D magnetism.This database will offer an ideal platform to further explore exotic quantum states and exploit practical device applications using 1D materials.The database are openly available at http://www.dx.doi.org/10.11922/sciencedb.j00113.00004.

High temperature strain glass in Ti–Au and Ti–Pt based shape memory alloys

Strain glass is a frozen short-range strain ordered state found in shape memory alloys recently, which exhibits novel properties around the ideal glass transition temperature T_(0). However, the T_(0) of current strain glass systems is still very low, limiting their potential applications and experimental studies. In this paper, we reported two new strain glass systems with relatively high T_(0). In Ti_(50)Au_(50-x)Cr_(x) alloys, the strain glass appears at x = 25, and exhibits a T_(0) of 251 K, while in Ti_(50)Pt_(50-y)Fey alloys, the strain glass takes place at y = 30, and shows a T_(0) of 272 K. Both of them are comparable with the highest T_(0) value reported so far. Moreover, the phase diagrams of main strain glass systems in Ti-based alloys were summarized. It is found that the influence of the martensitic transformation temperature of the host alloy on the T_(0) of the strain glass is limited. This work may help to design new strain glass systems with higher T_(0) above ambient temperature.

D-Type Anti-Ferromagnetic Ground State in Ca_2Mn_2O_5

We study the electronic and magnetic properties of an oxygen-deficient perovskite Ca2Mn2O5 based on the first principle calculations. The calculations show that the ground state of Ca2Mn2O5 is a D-type anti-ferromagnetic structure with the anti-ferromagnetic spin coupling along the c-direction. The corresponding electronic structure of the D-type state is investigated, and the results display that Ca2Mn2O5 is an insulator with an indirect energy gap of -2.08eV. By the partiM density-of-state analysis, the valence band maximum is mainly contributed to by the 0-213 orbitMs and the conduction band minimum is contributed to by the 0-213 and Mn-3d orbitals. Due to the Coulomb repulsion interaction between electrons, the density of state of Mn-3d is pulled to -6--4.5eV.

LaGa-based bulk metallic glasses

We report the formation of La Ga-based bulk metallic glasses. Ternary La–Ga–Cu glassy rods of 2–3 mm in diameter can be easily formed in a wide composition range by the conventional copper mold casting method. With minor addition of extra elements such as Co, Ni, Fe, Nb, Y, and Zr, the critical diameter of the full glassy rods of the La–Ga–Cu matrix can be markedly enhanced to at least 5 mm. The characteristics and properties of these new La Ga-based bulk metallic glasses with excellent glass formation ability and low glass transition temperature are model systems for fundamental issues investigation and could have some potential applications in micromachining field.

Rejuvenation in Hot-Drawn Micrometer Metallic Glassy Wires

We report an enhanced rejuvenation in hot-drawn micrometer metallic glassy wires(MG wires)with the size reduction.Compared to metallic glasses(MGs)in bulk form,the modulus and hardness for the micro-scale MG wires,tested by nanoindentation methods,are much lower and decrease with the decreasing size,with a maximum decrease of〜26%in modulus and^17%in hardness.This pronounced rejuvenation is evidenced by the larger sub-Tg relaxation enthalpy of the MG wires.The pronounced rejuvenation is physically related to the higher energy state induced by a combined effect of severely thermomechanical shearing and freezing the shear How into a constrained small-volume region.Our results reveal that the internal states and properties of MGs can be dramatically changed by a proper modulation of temperature,flow stress and size.

High Mixing Entropy Enhanced Energy States in Metallic Glasses

Owing to the nonequilibrium nature,the energy state of metallic glasses(MGs)can vary a lot and has a critical influence on the physical properties.Exploring new methods to modulate the energy state of glasses and studying its relationship with properties have attracted great interests.Herein,we systematically investigate the energy state,mixing entropy and physical properties of Zr–Ti–Cu–Ni–Be multicomponent high entropy MGs by experiments and simulations.We find that the energy state increases along with the increase of mixing entropy.The yield strength and thermal stability of MGs are also enhanced by high mixing entropy.These results may open a new door on regulation of energy states and thus physical properties of MGs.

Reply to“Comment on‘High Mixing Entropy Enhanced Energy States in Metallic Glasses'”

We thank Dr.Ristic and Dr.Babic for their interests in our work and for reminding us about their works on metallic glasses.Metallic glasses are a family of materials with disordered atomic packing structure,which makes it quite challenging to design new advanced metallic glasses and makes it charming to understand the relative physical mechanisms.

A Free-Volume Model for Thermal Expansion of Metallic Glass

Many mechanical,thermal and transport behaviors of polymers and metallic glasses are interpreted by the free-volume model,whereas their applications on thermal expansion behaviors of glasses is rarely seen.Metallic glass has a range of glassy states depending on cooling rate,making their coefficients of thermal expansion vary with the glassy states.Anharmonicity in the interatomic potential is often used to explain different coefficients of thermal expansion in crystalline metals or in different metallic-glass compositions.However,it is unclear how to quantify the change of anharmonicity in the various states of metallic glass of the same composition and to connect it with coefficient of thermal expansion.In the present work,isothermal annealing is applied,and the dimensional changes are measured for La_(62)Al_(14)Cu_(11.7)Ag_(2.3)Ni_(5)Co_(5) and Zr_(52.5)Cu_(17.9)Ni_(14.6)Al_(10)Ti_(5) metallic glasses,from which changes in density and the coefficients of thermal expansion of the specimens are both recorded.The coefficients of thermal expansion linearly decrease with densification reflecting the role of free volume in thermal expansion.Free volume is found to have not only volume but also entity with an effective coefficient of thermal expansion similar to that of gases.Therefore,the local regions containing free volume inside the metallic glass are gas-like instead of liquid-like in terms of thermal expansion behaviors.

Heat Flux on EAST Divertor Plate in H-mode with LHCD/LHCD+NBI

Based on the surface temperature measured by the infrared camera on the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak （EAST）, the heat fluxes on the lower outer divertor target plate during H-mode with the lower-hybrid wave current drive （LHCD） only and with the LHCD combined with the neutral beam injection （NBI） are calculated by the DFLUX code and compared. The analyzed discharges are lower single null divertor configuration discharges. In the case with the LHCD only （Ip ~ 400kA, PLHCD ~ 2 MW）, ELM-free appears after L-H transition with the peak heat flux on the lower outer target plate less than 1 MW/m2. However, there is no ELM- free appearing after the L-H transition in the case with the LHCD＋NBI （Ip ~ 300 kA, PLHCD ＋ PNBI ~ 2 MW）. The results show that the peak heat fluxes on the lower outer target plate in the LHCD＋NBI H-mode cases are larger than those in the LHCD H-mode under the similar auxiliary heating power. This is because the heat flux profiles of the lower outer target plate as a function of plate location in ELMing with the LHCD＋NBI are narrower than those with the LHCD only. The results are consistent with the results in terms of the scrape-off layer width observed in the EAST.

Value of PCT content for adjuvant diagnosis of neonatal septicemia and assessment of its severity

Objective:To evaluate the value of procalcitonin (PCT) content for adjuvant diagnosis of neonatal septicemia and assessment of its severity.Methods: A total of 100 newborns who were diagnosed with septicemia in the First People's Hospital of Xianyang City between January 2017 and January 2018 were selected as the septicemia group of the research, and the newborns who were born in the First People's Hospital of Xianyang City during the same period, with the general data matched with those of septicemia group and without neonatal diseases after born were selected as the control group. Serum was collected to determine the contents of PCT, inflammatory cytokines and immune cytokines, and peripheral blood was collected to determine the expression intensity of inflammatory signaling molecules and immune transcription factors.Results: Serum PCT, TNF-α, HMGB1, ICAM-1, IL-10 and IL-17 contents as well as peripheral blood TLR4, NF-κB, MPO, RORγt and FOXP3 expression intensity of septicemia group were significantly higher than those of control group whereas peripheral blood HLA-DR expression intensity was lower than that of control group;peripheral blood TLR4, NF-κB, MPO, RORγt and FOXP3 expression intensity as well as serum TNF-α, HMGB1, ICAM-1, IL-10 and IL-17 contents of septicemia group of newborns with high PCT were significantly higher than those of newborns with low PCT whereas peripheral blood HLA-DR expression intensity was lower than that of newborns with low PCT.Conclusion: The increase of PCT in serum of newborns with septicemia is related to the change of inflammatory response and immune response, and its content detection is valuable for assessing the severity of the disease.

Bending of Jets in the QSO NRAO 530

We present radio images of NRAO 530 on scales ranging from pc to kpc. The observations include the EVN at 5 GHz, the VLBA at 1.6, 8.6 and 15 GHz, the MERLIN at 1.6 and 5 GHz, and the VLA at 5, 8.4, 15, 22, and 43 GHz. The VLBI images show a core-jet structure with an oscillating trajectory on a scale of about 30 mas north of the strongest compact component （core）. Superluminal motions are detected in five of the jet components with apparent velocities in the range of 13.6 to 25.2c. A new component is detected at 15 GHz with the VLBA observations, which appears to be associated with the outburst in 2002. Significant polarized emission is detected around the core with the VLBA observations at 15 GHz. Rapid variations of the polarization intensity and angle are found between the epochs in 2002 and 2004. On the kpc-scale, a distant component （labelled as WL） located 11 arcsec west （PA=-86°） of the core is detected beyond the core-jet structure which extended to several hundreds of mas in the north-west direction （-50°）. A significant emission between the core-jet structure and the WL is revealed. A clump of diffuse emission （labelled EL, 12 arcsec long） at PA 70° to the core, is also detected in the VLA observations, suggesting the presence of double lobes in the source. The core component shows a fiat spectrum, while the distant components WL and EL have steep spectra. The steep spectra of the distant components and the detection of the arched emission suggest that the distant components are lobes or hot-spots powered by the core of NRAO 530. The morphologies from pc- to kpcscales and the bending of jets are investigated. The observed radio morphology from pc to kcp appears to favor the model in which precession or wobbling of the nuclear disk drives the helical motion of the radio plasma and produces the S-shaped structure on kpc scale.