丙泊酚对人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响

目的探讨丙泊酚对人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响,及其可能的作用机制。方法培养人胃癌细胞株SGC7901,复制裸鼠移植瘤模型30只,随机分为对照组、生理盐水组和丙泊酚组,每组10只。对照组未做任何处理;生理盐水组腹腔注射生理盐水1.5 ml/kg;丙泊酚组腹腔注射丙泊酚20 mg/kg,1次/d,连续2周。观察各组裸鼠给药前后一般情况的变化,给药后每3 d用游标卡尺测量移植瘤的长径和短径,计算移植瘤体积。第15天时将裸鼠脱臼处死,剥离瘤体。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应和Western blot检测各组裸鼠移植瘤组织中核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)、NAD(P)H醌氧化还原酶1(NQO1)、血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)、B淋巴细胞瘤(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)基因和蛋白的表达。结果丙泊酚组裸鼠给药后3、6、9、12和15 d的移植瘤体积小于对照组和生理盐水组(P<0.05)。与对照组和生理盐水组相比,丙泊酚组裸鼠移植瘤体质量降低,而抑瘤率升高(P <0.05)。与对照组和生理盐水组相比,丙泊酚组裸鼠移植瘤组织中Nrf2、NQO1、HO-1、Bcl-2 mRNA和蛋白相对表达量降低,而Bax mRNA和蛋白相对表达量升高(P<0.05)。结论丙泊酚可抑制人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长,其机制可能与抑制Nrf2/ARE信号通路,从而促进细胞凋亡有关。

Truth telling for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Henan,China

Objective: This study aims to investigate the truth-telling status and the relevant factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) patients in Henan, China.Methods: A cross-sectional study from April to June 2015 using questionnaires was given to 301 family members of hospitalized ESCC patients based in three affiliated hospitals of Zhengzhou University(i.e., The First Hospital, The Second Hospital, and Tumor Hospital) and Anyang Tumor Hospital.Results: Among the 41.9%(126/301) hospitalized ESCC patients who knew of their true diagnoses, only 4.0% patients were informed by their corresponding responsible doctors, 39.7% by their family members, and 56.3% by themselves. Univariate analyses showed that disclosure of confirmed ESCC diagnosis to patients was correlated with gender, family history of cancer(FHC), education level, vocation, hospital administrative level, and attitudes of family members(P < 0.05). Furthermore,multivariate analysis indicated that attitude of family members was the most important and an independent factor for diagnosis disclosure. Those patients with a negative FHC, under-education, manual occupation, advanced stages, and hospitalized in municipal hospitals exhibited a low rate of truth telling.Conclusions: Truth telling for ESCC patients in Henan is not prevalent and may be improved through consultation with family members, particularly for patients with a negative FHC, poor education, manual occupation, and advanced stages.

Sarcoidosis mimicking metastases in an echinoderm microtubuleassociated protein-like 4 anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive nonsmall-lung cancer patient:A case report

BACKGROUND Rearrangements of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)gene(ALK-positive)represent an oncogenic driver in approximately 3%-5%of non-small-lung cancer(NSCLC)patients.Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease,and its reported incidence in Asia is 1 or less per 100000 people per year.The co-occurrence of sarcoidosis and ALK-positive NSCLC is rare,and ALK-positive lung cancer is likely to spread quickly.Therefore,the co-occurrence of sarcoidosis is more easily misdiagnosed as metastatic lung cancer by radiological examination.CASE SUMMARY A 50-year-old man had a nodule in the left superior lobe,many small nodules in left superior and right lungs,and enlarged bilateral hilar,mediastinal,and right supraclavicular lymph nodes.Computed tomography-guided pulmonary biopsy of the nodule in the left superior lobe revealed echinoderm microtubuleassociated protein-like 4 gene-ALK positive NSCLC with concomitant noncaseating granuloma.This patient was treated with crizotinib.Thirty days later,a chest computed tomography scan revealed a dramatic decrease in the size of the left superior lobe nodule;however,the lesions in the right lung progressed.The right supraclavicular lymph nodes showed granulomas,and no tumor cells were identified in the specimens. The angiotensin-converting enzyme level was high.After 1 wk of methylprednisolone treatment, a significant response of all lesionswas revealed. Following radical resection of the lung cancer, noncaseatinggranulomas were observed in both lung tissues and lymph nodes, which resultedin a diagnosis of echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-ALK positiveNSCLC accompanied with sarcoidosis.CONCLUSIONOur experience illustrates that pathological evidence is needed to confirmmetastatic disease, especially when some suspected metastatic lesions arenegative for malignancy.

重症COVID-19感染双肺移植术后急性心肌梗死行急症冠脉介入治疗一例报告

本文首次报告了重症新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)感染接受肺移植并行急症冠脉介入治疗的病例。通过对多学科协作成功救治的总结,为重症COVID-19救治提供经验。我们发现,重症COVID-19感染在肺移植术后可能出现多种危险因素诱发心肌梗死,急症冠脉介入治疗是救治此类患者的重要手段。

外源性氧化应激诱导的线粒体超氧阴离子决定肿瘤细胞命运:一项基于单个细胞的研究（英文）

目的:通过细胞外过氧化氢(H_2O_2)的刺激建立单个人肺癌SPC-A-1细胞的氧化压力模型。创新点:氧自由基(ROS)涉及多种生物现象,包括有益和有害两个方面。ROS的定量检测和反应网络的评估结果令人期待。但ROS半衰期很短且反应过程很快,因此,我们通过多种手段克服了检测和评估的困难。方法:利用改进的微流控和成像技术测定ROS水平,构建氧反应网络。通过调控线粒体胞浆Ca^(2+)水平、线粒体Ca^(2+)摄取、细胞内ROS自扩增以及内在凋亡途径,确定线粒体在外源氧化压力模式中扮演的角色。结论:研究结果表明1 mmol/L H_2O_2引起细胞O_2^(·-)水平的快速增加,从而导致细胞氧化能力增加和还原能力降低。此外,研究还证实了内质网中储存的Ca^(2+)是H_2O_2诱导的线粒体Ca^(2+)爆发的主要来源。外源氧化压力反应涉及细胞器间Ca^(2+)信号的传递、ROS自身扩增、线粒体功能紊乱和半胱天冬酶依赖性凋亡途径。线粒体在外源性氧化应激影响细胞命运方面发挥着关键作用。