AIM:To evaluate human gastric submucosal vascular dysfunction and its mechanism during the aging process.METHODS:Twenty male patients undergoing subtotal gastrectomy were enrolled in this study.Young and elderly patie...AIM:To evaluate human gastric submucosal vascular dysfunction and its mechanism during the aging process.METHODS:Twenty male patients undergoing subtotal gastrectomy were enrolled in this study.Young and elderly patient groups aged 25-40 years and 60-85 years,respectively,were included.Inclusion criteria were:no clinical evidence of cardiovascular,renal or diabetic diseases.Conventional clinical examinations were carried out.After surgery,gastric submucosal arteries were immediately dissected free of fat and connective tissue.Vascular responses to acetylcholine(ACh)and sodium nitroprusside(SNP)were measured by isolated vascular perfusion.Morphological changes in the gastric mucosal vessels were observed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining and Verhoeff van Gieson(EVG)staining.The expression of xanthine oxidase(XO)and manganese-superoxide dismutase(Mn-SOD)was assessed by Western blotting analysis.The malondialdehyde(MDA)and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)content and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)were determined according to commercial kits.RESULTS:The overall structure of vessel walls was shown by HE and EVG staining,respectively.Disruption of the internal elastic lamina or neointimal layers was not observed in vessels from young or elderly patients;however,cell layer number in the vessel wall increased significantly in the elderly group.Compared with submucosal arteries in young patients,the amount of vascular collagen fibers,lumen diameter and media cross-sectional area were significantly increased in elderly patients.Ach-and SNP-induced vasodilatation in elderly arterioles was significantly decreased compared with that of gastric submucosal arterioles from young patients.Compared with the young group,the expression of XO and the contents of MDA and H2O2in gastric submucosal arterioles were increased in the elderly group.In addition,the expression of Mn-SOD and the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the elderly group decreased significantly compared with those in the young group.CONCLUSION:Gastric vascular dysfunction and senescence may be associated with increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidative defense in the aging process.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the effects of electrical stimulation of hypothalamic paraventricular nuclei （PVN） on gastric mucosal cellular apoptosis and proliferation induced by gastric ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury....AIM： To investigate the effects of electrical stimulation of hypothalamic paraventricular nuclei （PVN） on gastric mucosal cellular apoptosis and proliferation induced by gastric ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury. METHODS： For different experimental purposes, stimulating electrode plantation or electrolytic destruction of the PVN was applied, then the animals＇ GI/R injury model was established by clamping the celiac artery for 30 min and allowing reperfusing the artery for 30 rain, 1 h, 3 h or 6 h respectively. Then histological, immunohistochemistry methods were used to assess the gastric mucosal damage index, the gastric mucosal cellular apoptosis and proliferation at different times. RESULTS： The electrical stimulation of PVN significantly attenuated the GI/R injury at 30 min, i h and 3 h after reperfusion. The electrical stimulation of PVN decreased gastric mucosal apoptosis and increased gastric mucosal proliferation. The electrolytic destruction of the PVN could eliminate the protective effects of electrical stimulation of PVN on GI/R injury. These results indicated that the PVN participated in the regulation of GI/R injury as a specific area in the brain, exerting protective effects against the GI/R injury, and the protection was associated with the inhibition of cellular apoptosis and the promotion of gastric mucosal proliferation. CONCLUSION： Stimulating PVN significantly inhibits the gastric mucosal cellular apoptosis and promots gastric mucosal cellular proliferation. This may explain the protective mechanisms of electrical stimulation of PVN against GI/R injury.展开更多
基金Supported by The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China,No.BK2009088the Natural Science Fund for Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province,No.10KJB310015
文摘AIM:To evaluate human gastric submucosal vascular dysfunction and its mechanism during the aging process.METHODS:Twenty male patients undergoing subtotal gastrectomy were enrolled in this study.Young and elderly patient groups aged 25-40 years and 60-85 years,respectively,were included.Inclusion criteria were:no clinical evidence of cardiovascular,renal or diabetic diseases.Conventional clinical examinations were carried out.After surgery,gastric submucosal arteries were immediately dissected free of fat and connective tissue.Vascular responses to acetylcholine(ACh)and sodium nitroprusside(SNP)were measured by isolated vascular perfusion.Morphological changes in the gastric mucosal vessels were observed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining and Verhoeff van Gieson(EVG)staining.The expression of xanthine oxidase(XO)and manganese-superoxide dismutase(Mn-SOD)was assessed by Western blotting analysis.The malondialdehyde(MDA)and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)content and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)were determined according to commercial kits.RESULTS:The overall structure of vessel walls was shown by HE and EVG staining,respectively.Disruption of the internal elastic lamina or neointimal layers was not observed in vessels from young or elderly patients;however,cell layer number in the vessel wall increased significantly in the elderly group.Compared with submucosal arteries in young patients,the amount of vascular collagen fibers,lumen diameter and media cross-sectional area were significantly increased in elderly patients.Ach-and SNP-induced vasodilatation in elderly arterioles was significantly decreased compared with that of gastric submucosal arterioles from young patients.Compared with the young group,the expression of XO and the contents of MDA and H2O2in gastric submucosal arterioles were increased in the elderly group.In addition,the expression of Mn-SOD and the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the elderly group decreased significantly compared with those in the young group.CONCLUSION:Gastric vascular dysfunction and senescence may be associated with increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidative defense in the aging process.
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30370533, 30570671the Educational Department Science Research Foundation of Jiangsu Province, No. 99KJB310005,05KJB310134
文摘AIM： To investigate the effects of electrical stimulation of hypothalamic paraventricular nuclei （PVN） on gastric mucosal cellular apoptosis and proliferation induced by gastric ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury. METHODS： For different experimental purposes, stimulating electrode plantation or electrolytic destruction of the PVN was applied, then the animals＇ GI/R injury model was established by clamping the celiac artery for 30 min and allowing reperfusing the artery for 30 rain, 1 h, 3 h or 6 h respectively. Then histological, immunohistochemistry methods were used to assess the gastric mucosal damage index, the gastric mucosal cellular apoptosis and proliferation at different times. RESULTS： The electrical stimulation of PVN significantly attenuated the GI/R injury at 30 min, i h and 3 h after reperfusion. The electrical stimulation of PVN decreased gastric mucosal apoptosis and increased gastric mucosal proliferation. The electrolytic destruction of the PVN could eliminate the protective effects of electrical stimulation of PVN on GI/R injury. These results indicated that the PVN participated in the regulation of GI/R injury as a specific area in the brain, exerting protective effects against the GI/R injury, and the protection was associated with the inhibition of cellular apoptosis and the promotion of gastric mucosal proliferation. CONCLUSION： Stimulating PVN significantly inhibits the gastric mucosal cellular apoptosis and promots gastric mucosal cellular proliferation. This may explain the protective mechanisms of electrical stimulation of PVN against GI/R injury.
