Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Nano-scale Y2Si2O7：Re^3＋ （Re=Eu, Tb） Phosphors via Sol-Gel Method

由把金属硝酸盐用作作为一个 complexing 代理人开始材料和柠檬性的酸， Y 2 Si 2 O 7:Re3+(Re=Eu， Tb ) 黄磷被一个大音阶的第五音胶化方法准备。X 光检查衍射被采用描绘产生样品。XRD 的结果显示 α-Y 2 Si 2 有 27 nm 的尺寸的 O 7 nanocrystal 在 1000 ° C 被获得，做的离子内容不影响结构。在 UV 和 VUV 范围的刺激系列和做的 3+ 取样的 Re 的排放系列被测量。在 VUV 的刺激系列变化由于主人的吸收，那在 Eu 3+−O2− 契约从 4f 在紫外范围被归功于到吸收转变到 Tb 3+ 和费用转移的 5d 状态。光谱 Tb 3+ 排放的精力分发强烈取决于 Tb 3+ 集中。Re 3+ 集中上的光致发光紧张的依赖也详细被讨论。在房间温度的荧光灯的腐烂曲线被测量并且分析。

Acupuncture in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting:a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis

However,the best choice of acupuncture therapy for postoperative nausea and vomiting remains controversy.Methods:Several databases were searched from inception to April 2020.Randomized controlled trials met the criterion were included.Risk of bias was implemented with Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.Addis,R,OpenBUGS and STATA were used to conduct meta-analysis.The evidence was assessed by GRADE profiler 3.6.Results:Fifty studies involving 5980 patients were included.The risk of bias of most included studies were acceptable.The results of network meta-analyses indicated,compared with placebo,electroacupuncture was the best choice for postoperative nausea(odds ratio=0.09,95%confidence interval:0.02-0.51)and acupoint plaster for postoperative vomiting(odds ratio=0.07,95%confidence interval:0.01-0.42),acupoint catgut embedding+5HTRA for postoperative nausea and vomiting(odds ratio=0.05,95%confidence interval:0.01-0.15),and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation+5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonists for postoperative rescue antiemetics(odds ratio=0.14,95%confidence interval:0.08-0.46).Conclusion:It was suggested transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation+5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonists was the best choice.The results provided guidance for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Genotype-phenotype correlations,surgical selections,and postoperative complications of 5α-reductase 2 deficiency in 69 children with hypospadias

5α-reductase 2 deficiency prevents testosterone from being converted to dihydrotestosterone,which causes abnormal urogenital sinus development.The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between genotype–phenotype,surgical selections,and postoperative complications of 5α-reductase 2-deficient patients with hypospadias.We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of patients who were diagnosed with 5α-reductase 2 deficiency after genetic testing in the Department of Endocrinology and underwent initial hypospadias surgery in the Department of Urology in Beijing Children’s Hospital,Capital Medical University(Beijing,China),from April 2007 to December 2021.A total of 69 patients were included in this study;the mean age at surgery was 34.1 months,and the average follow-up time was 54.1 months.Sixty children were treated with preoperative hormone stimulation(PHS)to promote penile growth.The average penis length and glans width were increased by 1.46 cm and 0.62 cm,respectively.The most frequent mutations were p.R227Q(39.1%,54/138),p.Q6^(*)(15.2%,21/138),p.G203S(12.3%,17/138),and p.R246Q(11.6%,16/138).In 64 patients who were followed up,43 had a one-stage operation and 21 had a staged operation,and there were significant differences in external masculinization score(EMS)(P=0.008)and the average number of operation required to cure(P<0.001)between one-stage and staged operations.PHS had a positive effect(P<0.001)on penile development.The p.R227Q mutation was associated with higher EMS and less severe hypospadias.One-stage surgery can be selected if conditions permit.The growth and development of children are acceptable in the long term,but penis growth remains unsatisfactory.Longterm complications of hypospadias should be considered during puberty.

Comparison of outcomes in three surgical techniques for proximal hypospadias:staged transverse preputial island flap urethroplasty versus single-stage repairs

To evaluate and compare the outcomes and complications of three different surgical techniques for treating primary proximal hypospadias with ventral curvature(VC)≥30°,we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent primary repair of proximal hypospadias with vC≥30°after degloving at Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University(Beijing,China)from January 2019 to January 2021.A total of 152 patients were divided into three groups:transverse preputial island flap(TPIF)combined with Duplay,modified Koyanagi,and staged TPIF,which were performed on 55,16,and 81 patients,respectively.A total of 39(25.7%)patients had complications.Complications rates were similar for the TPIF combined with the Duplay group(40.0%)and modified Koyanagi group(50.0%)but lower for the staged TPIF group(11.1%;P<0.01).The incidence of urethrocutaneous fistulas was significantly higher in TPIF combined with Duplay group(21.8%)compared to staged TPIF group(4.9%;P=0.01).In univariate analysis,the length of the urethral defect was the single factor that could predict complications;the cutoff was 4.55 cm.More patients in the long urethral defect group than in the short one had complications(34.1%vs 15.7%,P=O.O1).These results indicate that staged TPIF produced a better outcome,whereas more patients in the TPIF combined with Duplay group presented with two or more complications.

Complications of proximal hypospadias repair with transverse preputial island flap urethroplasty: a 15-year experience with long-term follow-up

There is still debate regarding the optimal surgical approach for proximal hypospadias. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the long-term outcomes using transverse preputial island flap urethroplasty. A total of 320 patients were included, with a mean follow-up of 40.2 months (range: 1–156 months). Complications were encountered in 125 patients (39.1%), including fistulas in 53 (16.6%), urethral strictures in 31 (9.7%), and diverticula in 41 (12.8%). The mean timing of presentation with a complication was 15.8 months (median: 1.7, range: 1–145), of which 79.2% were early complications and 20.8% were late complications. In all, 20.8% of the patients with complications presented after ≥1 year, and 12.8% presented after ≥5 years. Univariate analysis revealed that age at the time of surgery, flap length, and location of the urethral meatus were not correlated with complications. A stricture was present in 31.7%(13/41) of those with diverticula (P < 0.001), while late urethral diverticula were accompanied by urethral strictures in 11.1%(1/9) of cases (P = 0.213). These results indicate that transverse preputial island flap urethroplasty still has a high incidence of complications, even when performed by highly experienced physicians. Most complications of hypospadias are diagnosed within 1 year postoperatively, while fistulas and urinary strictures generally occur within 2 months and diverticula tend to be present by 1 year.

Aggravated inflammation and increased expression of cysteinyl leuko-triene receptors in the brain after focal cerebral ischemia in AQP4-deficient mice

Objective Aquaporin-4 （AQP4）, the main water channel protein in the brain, plays a critical role in water homeostasis and brain edema. Here, we investigated its role in the inflammatory responses after focal cerebral ischemia. Methods In AQP4-knockout （KO） and wild-type mice, focal cerebral ischemia was induced by 30 rain of middle cerebral arterial occlusion （MCAO）. Ischemic neuronal injury and cellular inflammatory responses, as well as the expression and localization of cysteinyl leukotriene CysLT2 and CysLT~ receptors, were determined at 24 and 72 h after MCAO. Results AQP4-KO mice showed more neuronal loss, more severe microglial activation and neutrophil infiltration, but less astrocyte proliferation in the brain after MCAO than wild-type mice. In addition, the protein levels of both CysLT1 and CysLT2 receptors were up-regulated in the ischemic brain, and the up-regulation was more pronounced in AQP4-KO mice. The CysLT1 and CysLT2 receptors were primarily localized in neurons, microglia and neutrophils; those localized in microglia and neutrophils were enhanced in AQP4-KO mice. Conclusion AQP4 may play an inhibitory role in postischemic inflammation.

Prognostic Factors of Wilms＇ Tumor Complicated with Nephroblastomatosis

Nephrogenic rests （NRs） are abnormally persistent clusters of embryonal cells, representing microscopic dysplasias of the developing kidney. NRs are found in approximately 1% of infant kidneys at autopsy. Nephroblastomatosis signifies the presence of multiple or diffuse NRs. Both NRs and nephroblastomatosis were known as precursor lesions of Wilms tumor,Nephroblastomatosis can be classified into four categories： Perilobar （PEN R only）; i ntralobar （I LNR only）; combined （PLNR and ILNR）; and universal. The diagnosis and treatment of Wilms＂ tumor have been improved constantly and achieved common sense. However, little information is available regarding Wilms＂ tumor associated with nephroblastomatosis for lower prevalence. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic factors of Wilms＇ tumor associated with nephroblastomatosis.

Evolution of Dislocation Loops in AL-6XN Stainless Steels Irradiated by Hydrogen Ions

AL-6XN stainless steels, one of the candidate structure materials for supercritical water-cooled reactor, were irradiated from 0.5 to 5 dpa using 100 keV H2＋ ions at 290 and 380 ℃. Microstructures were characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Dislocation loops were the dominant radiation-induced defects. All the dislocation loops had 1/3 〈111〉 type Burgers vector. Number density and size of the loops have been measured. Nucleation and evolution of dislocation loops were also investigated. Voids were observed only in the condition of 5 dpa at 380 ℃. Different evolution mechanisms of the radiation-induced dislocation loops were discussed. Effects of hydrogen and elevated temperature on the microstructural evolution were also investigated. Besides, the formed voids have a further effect on the evolution of dislocation loops.

种间相互作用影响植物氮和磷的吸收量而不是氮磷比

量化不同农艺措施下作物氮和磷吸收量(即从农田中移除的量)的化学计量特征对理解农田生态系统中的养分收支和优化氮、磷肥施用至关重要。目前还不清楚在不同的氮肥和覆膜措施下,单作和间作体系作物氮和磷吸收量以及氮磷化学计量特征随整个生长季的变化。本研究探讨了植物种间养分竞争如何对(1)5种种植模式(小麦、玉米和大麦单作、小麦/玉米和大麦/玉米间作),(2)两种施氮水平(0和225 kg N ha^(−1))和(3)两种玉米覆膜处理(覆膜和不覆膜)下的作物氮、磷吸收量(以及氮磷比)时间动态的影响。研究结果表明,小麦和大麦的氮、磷竞争能力强于玉米,导致间作体系共生期的小麦和大麦氮、磷吸收量相比于单作增加,而玉米氮、磷吸收量相比于单作减少。3种作物植株氮磷比随作物生长而降低。作物氮磷比不受间作的影响,也不随施氮呈现一致的变化,覆膜降低了玉米的氮磷比。两种间作体系群落水平的氮磷比在成熟期与相应单作不同。由于(1)间作从土壤移除的氮和磷的比例不同于单作,以及(2)作物对氮和磷的吸收在施氮和覆膜下均是不耦合的,这些发现可能对间作系统的养分收支有启示意义。

Management of Wilms tumor with intravenous thrombus in children:a single center experience

Background Wilms tumor tends to grow into vena cava,even invade atrium,which increased operating difficulty and frequency of surgical complications.Methods Forty-two patients of Wilms tumor with intravenous thrombus were retrospective studied.The diagnosis and therapy were discussed according to the medical records and interrelated literatures.Results Forty-two children with thrombus were diagnosed by computed tomography and 41 cases by ultrasound simultaneously.36 children had received preoperative chemotherapy.Surgical resection was performed in all patients.Cardiopulmonary bypass was used for the removal of the intra-atrial thrombus in 5 patients.There were no surgical complications occurred.The patients received chemotherapy and radiotherapy according to clinical staging by National Wilms'Tumor Study(NWTS)-4 or NWTS-5.34 patients were successfully followed up,32 patients survive at present,including one who has been followed up more than 20 years since operation.Conclusion Standardized sequential treatment,including preoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy,nephrectomy combining resection of thrombus,postoperative adjuvant therapy,is the mainstay of treatment of Wilms tumor with intravenous thrombus.