Huntington disease （HD） is a chronic autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disease. The gene coding Huntingtin has been identified, but the pathogenic mechanisms of the disease are still not fully understood. This pa...Huntington disease （HD） is a chronic autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disease. The gene coding Huntingtin has been identified, but the pathogenic mechanisms of the disease are still not fully understood. This paper reviews the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in pathogenesis of HD.展开更多
The Rayleigh–Taylor instability（RTI） in cylindrical geometry is investigated analytically through a second-order weakly nonlinear（WN） theory considering the Bell–Plesset（BP） effect. The governing equations for...The Rayleigh–Taylor instability（RTI） in cylindrical geometry is investigated analytically through a second-order weakly nonlinear（WN） theory considering the Bell–Plesset（BP） effect. The governing equations for the combined perturbation growth are derived. The WN solutions for an exponentially convergent cylinder are obtained. It is found that the BP and RTI growths are strongly coupled, which results in the bubble-spike asymmetric structure in the WN stage. The large Atwood number leads to the large deformation of the convergent interface. The amplitude of the spike grows faster than that of the bubble especially for large mode number m and large Atwood number A. The averaged interface radius is small for large mode number perturbation due to the mode-coupling effect.展开更多
Rayleigh–Taylor instability(RTI)in cylindrical geometry initiated by velocity and interface perturbations is investigated analytically through a third-order weakly nonlinear(WN)model.When the initial velocity perturb...Rayleigh–Taylor instability(RTI)in cylindrical geometry initiated by velocity and interface perturbations is investigated analytically through a third-order weakly nonlinear(WN)model.When the initial velocity perturbation is comparable to the interface perturbation,the coupling between them plays a significant role.The difference between the RTI growth initiated only by a velocity perturbation and that only by an interface perturbation in the WN stage is negligibly small.The effects of the mode number on the first three harmonics are discussed respectively.The low-mode number perturbation leads to large amplitudes of RTI growth.The Atwood number and initial perturbation dependencies of the nonlinear saturation amplitude of the fundamental mode are analyzed clearly.When the mode number of the perturbation is large enough,the WN results in planar geometry are recovered.展开更多
A weakly nonlinear model is established for incompressible Rayleigh-Taylor instability with surface tension. The temporal evolution of a perturbed interface is explored analytically via the third-order solution. The d...A weakly nonlinear model is established for incompressible Rayleigh-Taylor instability with surface tension. The temporal evolution of a perturbed interface is explored analytically via the third-order solution. The dependence of the first three harmonics on the surface tension is discussed. The amplitudes of bubble and spike are greatly affected by surface tension. The saturation amplitude of the fundamental mode versus the Atwood number A is investigated with surface tension into consideration. The saturation amplitude decreases with increasing A. Surface tension exhibits a stabilizing phenomenon. It is shown that the asymmetrical development of the perturbed interface occurs much later for large surface tension effect.展开更多
文摘Huntington disease （HD） is a chronic autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disease. The gene coding Huntingtin has been identified, but the pathogenic mechanisms of the disease are still not fully understood. This paper reviews the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in pathogenesis of HD.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11275031,11475034,11575033 and 11274026the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2013CB834100
文摘The Rayleigh–Taylor instability（RTI） in cylindrical geometry is investigated analytically through a second-order weakly nonlinear（WN） theory considering the Bell–Plesset（BP） effect. The governing equations for the combined perturbation growth are derived. The WN solutions for an exponentially convergent cylinder are obtained. It is found that the BP and RTI growths are strongly coupled, which results in the bubble-spike asymmetric structure in the WN stage. The large Atwood number leads to the large deformation of the convergent interface. The amplitude of the spike grows faster than that of the bubble especially for large mode number m and large Atwood number A. The averaged interface radius is small for large mode number perturbation due to the mode-coupling effect.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11275031,11475034,11575033,and 11274026)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2013CB834100)
文摘Rayleigh–Taylor instability(RTI)in cylindrical geometry initiated by velocity and interface perturbations is investigated analytically through a third-order weakly nonlinear(WN)model.When the initial velocity perturbation is comparable to the interface perturbation,the coupling between them plays a significant role.The difference between the RTI growth initiated only by a velocity perturbation and that only by an interface perturbation in the WN stage is negligibly small.The effects of the mode number on the first three harmonics are discussed respectively.The low-mode number perturbation leads to large amplitudes of RTI growth.The Atwood number and initial perturbation dependencies of the nonlinear saturation amplitude of the fundamental mode are analyzed clearly.When the mode number of the perturbation is large enough,the WN results in planar geometry are recovered.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11275031,11475034,11575033 and 11274026the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2013CB834100
文摘A weakly nonlinear model is established for incompressible Rayleigh-Taylor instability with surface tension. The temporal evolution of a perturbed interface is explored analytically via the third-order solution. The dependence of the first three harmonics on the surface tension is discussed. The amplitudes of bubble and spike are greatly affected by surface tension. The saturation amplitude of the fundamental mode versus the Atwood number A is investigated with surface tension into consideration. The saturation amplitude decreases with increasing A. Surface tension exhibits a stabilizing phenomenon. It is shown that the asymmetrical development of the perturbed interface occurs much later for large surface tension effect.
