Objective: We studied the application of CT image fusion in the evaluation of radiation treatment planning for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Eleven patients with NSCLC, who were treated with three-dimen...Objective: We studied the application of CT image fusion in the evaluation of radiation treatment planning for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Eleven patients with NSCLC, who were treated with three-dimensional con-formal radiation therapy, were studied. Each patient underwent twice sequential planning CT scan, i.e., at pre-treatment, and at mid-treatment for field reduction planning. Three treatment plans were established in each patient: treatment plan A was based on the pre-treatment planning CT scans for the first course of treatment, plan B on the mid-treatment planning CT scans for the second course of treatment, and treatment plan F on the fused images for the whole treatment. The irradiation doses received by organs at risk in the whole treatment with treatment A and B plans were estimated by the plus of the parameters in treatment plan A and B, assuming that the parameters involve the different tissues (i.e. V20=AV20+BV20), or the same tissues within an organ (i.e. Dmax=ADmax+BDmax). The assessment parameters in the treatment plan F were calculated on the basis of the DVH of the whole treatment. Then the above assessment results were compared. Results: There were marked differ-ences between the assessment results derived from the plus of assessment parameters in treatment plan A and B, and the ones derived from treatment plan F. Conclusion: When a treatment plan is altered during the course of radiation treatment, image fusion technique should be performed in the establishment of a new one. The estimation of the assessment parameters for the whole treatment with treatment plan A and B by simple plus, is inaccurate.展开更多
IntroductionGas-solid two-phase flow is often encountered in chemical reactors for the process industry. For industrial users, design, scale-up, control and optimization for these reactors require a good understanding...IntroductionGas-solid two-phase flow is often encountered in chemical reactors for the process industry. For industrial users, design, scale-up, control and optimization for these reactors require a good understanding of the hydrodynamics of gas-solid two-phase flow. For researchers, exploration and prediction of the complex phenomena call for a good comprehension of the heterogeneous structure and of the dominant mechanisms of gas-solid and solid-solid interactions.展开更多
Self-organization in thin micro-films has shown potential for the production of microelements with specific structures and functions; however, little is known about its mechanism of formation. A 2-D molecular dynamics...Self-organization in thin micro-films has shown potential for the production of microelements with specific structures and functions; however, little is known about its mechanism of formation. A 2-D molecular dynamics (MD) simulation on this process is carried out in this paper for films between two parallel walls (substrates) under different initial conditions. The films consist of two immiscible components (A and B). The simulation results in alternative columns perpendicular to the walls, which are rich either in A or in B molecules, respectively, apparently owing to their different interactions with the walls. The characteristic breadths of the columns depend on the distance between the two walls. By providing microscopic details of the self-organization processes and the resulted structures, MD simulation proves itself as a unique way for analyzing the dynamics of thin films.展开更多
1. Introduction Supported by the Sino-German Center for Research Promotion, and organized jointly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and the German Research Foundation (DFG), the third Sino-Ger...1. Introduction Supported by the Sino-German Center for Research Promotion, and organized jointly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and the German Research Foundation (DFG), the third Sino-German workshop on particle fluid systems was held on Oct. 24-31, 2004 in Beijing, China, following the two previous successful workshops held on Aug. 30-31,1999 in Hamburg, Germany (Li and Werther, Chem. Eng. Technol., 23(4), 378, 2000) and May 18-19, 2001 in Beijing, China (Li, Ge, Werther and Bruhns, Chem. Eng. Technol., 24(11), 1097, 2001). Thirty-one scientists from China, Germany, Japan and The Netherlands came together for interdisciplinary discussion over the core problem of multi-phase reaction systems in the name of "Chemical and Physical Interactions between Particles and Fluids".展开更多
基金a grant from the Key Program of Science and Technology Foundation of Hubei Province (No. 2007A301B33).
文摘Objective: We studied the application of CT image fusion in the evaluation of radiation treatment planning for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Eleven patients with NSCLC, who were treated with three-dimensional con-formal radiation therapy, were studied. Each patient underwent twice sequential planning CT scan, i.e., at pre-treatment, and at mid-treatment for field reduction planning. Three treatment plans were established in each patient: treatment plan A was based on the pre-treatment planning CT scans for the first course of treatment, plan B on the mid-treatment planning CT scans for the second course of treatment, and treatment plan F on the fused images for the whole treatment. The irradiation doses received by organs at risk in the whole treatment with treatment A and B plans were estimated by the plus of the parameters in treatment plan A and B, assuming that the parameters involve the different tissues (i.e. V20=AV20+BV20), or the same tissues within an organ (i.e. Dmax=ADmax+BDmax). The assessment parameters in the treatment plan F were calculated on the basis of the DVH of the whole treatment. Then the above assessment results were compared. Results: There were marked differ-ences between the assessment results derived from the plus of assessment parameters in treatment plan A and B, and the ones derived from treatment plan F. Conclusion: When a treatment plan is altered during the course of radiation treatment, image fusion technique should be performed in the establishment of a new one. The estimation of the assessment parameters for the whole treatment with treatment plan A and B by simple plus, is inaccurate.
文摘IntroductionGas-solid two-phase flow is often encountered in chemical reactors for the process industry. For industrial users, design, scale-up, control and optimization for these reactors require a good understanding of the hydrodynamics of gas-solid two-phase flow. For researchers, exploration and prediction of the complex phenomena call for a good comprehension of the heterogeneous structure and of the dominant mechanisms of gas-solid and solid-solid interactions.
文摘Self-organization in thin micro-films has shown potential for the production of microelements with specific structures and functions; however, little is known about its mechanism of formation. A 2-D molecular dynamics (MD) simulation on this process is carried out in this paper for films between two parallel walls (substrates) under different initial conditions. The films consist of two immiscible components (A and B). The simulation results in alternative columns perpendicular to the walls, which are rich either in A or in B molecules, respectively, apparently owing to their different interactions with the walls. The characteristic breadths of the columns depend on the distance between the two walls. By providing microscopic details of the self-organization processes and the resulted structures, MD simulation proves itself as a unique way for analyzing the dynamics of thin films.
文摘1. Introduction Supported by the Sino-German Center for Research Promotion, and organized jointly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and the German Research Foundation (DFG), the third Sino-German workshop on particle fluid systems was held on Oct. 24-31, 2004 in Beijing, China, following the two previous successful workshops held on Aug. 30-31,1999 in Hamburg, Germany (Li and Werther, Chem. Eng. Technol., 23(4), 378, 2000) and May 18-19, 2001 in Beijing, China (Li, Ge, Werther and Bruhns, Chem. Eng. Technol., 24(11), 1097, 2001). Thirty-one scientists from China, Germany, Japan and The Netherlands came together for interdisciplinary discussion over the core problem of multi-phase reaction systems in the name of "Chemical and Physical Interactions between Particles and Fluids".
