Coordinated Planning Transmission Tasks in Heterogeneous Space Networks:A Semi-Distributed Approach

This paper studies the coordinated planning of transmission tasks in the heterogeneous space networks to enable efficient sharing of ground stations cross satellite systems.Specifically,we first formulate the coordinated planning problem into a mixed integer liner programming(MILP)problem based on time expanded graph.Then,the problem is transferred and reformulated into a consensus optimization framework which can be solved by satellite systems parallelly.With alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM),a semi-distributed coordinated transmission task planning algorithm is proposed,in which each satellite system plans its own tasks based on local information and limited communication with the coordination center.Simulation results demonstrate that compared with the centralized and fully-distributed methods,the proposed semi-distributed coordinated method can strike a better balance among task complete rate,complexity,and the amount of information required to be exchanged.

贝伐珠单抗联合化疗对复治晚期非鳞非小细胞肺癌患者的疗效及预后分析

目的:探讨贝伐珠单抗联合化疗对复治晚期非鳞非小细胞肺癌(non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer,NSNSCLC)患者的疗效和安全性,分析影响预后的因素。方法:回顾性分析2013年2月至2017年6月北京胸科医院收治的41例复治晚期NSNSCLC患者的病例资料。其中腺癌38例,其他病理类型3例。19例患者为二线治疗,22例患者为二线以上治疗。表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)突变阳性18例,突变阴性23例。评价贝伐珠单抗联合化疗的疗效和安全性,对可能影响预后的因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果:所有患者均接受化疗联合贝伐珠单抗的治疗,化疗的平均周期数为3.1个,贝伐珠单抗治疗的平均周期数为5.0个。41例患者均可评价疗效。全组患者客观缓解率(objective response rate,ORR)为12.2%,疾病控制率(disease control rate,DCR)为82.9%。二线治疗与二线以上治疗的患者疗效接近,ORR分别为10.5%、13.6%(P=0.572),DCR分别为89.5%和77.3%(P=0.271),差异无统计学意义。中位无进展生存期(progression-free survival,PFS)和中位总生存期(overall survival,OS)分别为4.6个月(95%CI:3.619~5.581)、11.9个月(95%CI:9.797~14.003)。单因素分析提示EGFR突变、贝伐珠单抗治疗周期数>4个及女性患者获得更长的生存(χ~2=19.673,P<0.001;χ~2=6.820,P=0.009;χ~2=6.374,P=0.012)。多因素分析显示,EGFR突变状态、贝伐珠单抗治疗周期数为影响患者预后的独立危险因素(HR=0.129,P=0.001;HR=0.336,P=0.012)。常见的不良反应有骨髓抑制、出血、高血压、蛋白尿等,多数为1~2级。结论:贝伐珠单抗联合化疗对复治晚期NSNSCLC患者疗效确切,不良反应可耐受,EGFR突变阳性、贝伐珠单抗使用4个周期以上的患者预后较好。

Tracking a maneuvering target in clutter with out-of-sequence measurements for airborne radar

There are many proposed optimal or suboptimal al- gorithms to update out-of-sequence measurement（s） （OoSM（s）） for linear-Gaussian systems, but few algorithms are dedicated to track a maneuvering target in clutter by using OoSMs. In order to address the nonlinear OoSMs obtained by the airborne radar located on a moving platform from a maneuvering target in clut- ter, an interacting multiple model probabilistic data association （IMMPDA） algorithm with the OoSM is developed. To be practical, the algorithm is based on the Earth-centered Earth-fixed （ECEF） coordinate system where it considers the effect of the platform＇s attitude and the curvature of the Earth. The proposed method is validated through the Monte Carlo test compared with the perfor- mance of the standard IMMPDA algorithm ignoring the OoSM, and the conclusions show that using the OoSM can improve the track- ing performance, and the shorter the lag step is, the greater degree the performance is improved, but when the lag step is large, the performance is not improved any more by using the OoSM, which can provide some references for engineering application.

Learning to Optimize for Resource Allocation in LTE-U Networks

This paper proposes a deep learning(DL)resource allocation framework to achieve the harmonious coexistence between the transceiver pairs(TPs)and the Wi-Fi users in LTE-U networks.The nonconvex resource allocation is considered as a constrained learning problem and the deep neural network(DNN)is employed to approximate the optimal resource allocation decisions through unsupervised manner.A parallel DNN framework is proposed to deal with the two optimization variables in this problem,where one is the licensed power allocation unit and the other is the unlicensed time fraction occupied unit.Besides,to guarantee the feasibility of the proposed algorithm,the Lagrange dual method is used to relax the constraints into the DNN training process.Then,the dual variable and the DNN parameter are alternating update via the batch-based gradient decent method until the training process converges.Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and has better performance than other general algorithms.

408例70岁以上老年肺癌患者的预后因素分析(英文)

Objective: The incidence and mortality of lung cancer in people over 70 years were increased in the past 10 years. We defined age 70 years as boundary line of the elderly patients in lung cancer and analyzed and identified the factors affecting prognosis. Methods: A retrospective study had enrolled 408 cases of lung cancer aged over 70 years old and SPSS13.0 software was used in univariate analysis and COX regression analysis to analyze factors affecting prognosis, such as gender, age, complications, symptoms, pathological type, clinical stage, effusion, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and so on. Results: In univariate analysis, symptoms, stage, effusion, surgery, chemotherapy and chemotherapy cycles showed affecting prognosis significantly. In COX regression analysis, it showed that clinical stage (P = 0.000), surgery (P = 0.013), chemotherapy cycles (P = 0.001) were independent prognostic factors. Conclusion: Elderly lung cancer patients could be benefit from surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy while early stage. At late stage, their survival time may be prolonged when receive chemotherapy at least 4 cycles. Single-agent chemotherapy would be a good choice for elderly lung cancer. Effusion, particularly, pericardial effusion significantly influenced the prognosis, so that it should be effectively controlled.

基于血清学指标的联合模型诊断代偿期肝硬化轻微型肝性脑病的价值

目的探讨血清学指标对代偿期肝硬化轻微型肝性脑病(MHE)的诊断价值,构建基于血清学指标的联合模型并评估其对MHE的诊断价值。方法前瞻性、多中心研究。选取2021年10月至2022年8月来自我国15个省(自治区、直辖市)的23家医院就诊的代偿期肝硬化患者263例。收集患者临床资料及实验室检查结果,并计算终末期肝病模型(MELD)评分。使用基线血氨测量值/正常参考值上限(AMM-ULN)集中校正各中心血氨测量结果,以我国《肝硬化肝性脑病诊疗指南》标准,数字连接试验-A、数字符号试验均异常作为诊断MHE的标准。基于R语言caret包将患者随机(7∶3)分为训练集(n=185)和验证集(n=78)。通过Logistic回归构建诊断MHE的联合模型;受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)、Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验及校准曲线图评估诊断性能,并用Bootstrap法(n=200)进行内部验证;Delong检验比较AUC之间的差异。结果训练集中,MHE占37.8%(70/185),MHE组AMM-ULN、白蛋白、血小板、碱性磷酸酶、国际标准化比值、终末期肝病模型评分以及教育年限与无MHE组比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,AMM-ULN(OR=1.78,95%CI 1.05~3.14,P=0.038)和MELD评分(OR=1.11,95%CI 1.04~1.20,P=0.002)是MHE的独立危险因素,AUC分别为0.663和0.625。联合AMM-ULN、MELD评分和教育年限的联合模型诊断MHE的AUC为0.755,特异度和敏感度分别为85.2%和55.7%。Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验表明模型具有较好的校准度(P=0.733),联合模型内部验证AUC为0.752。Delong检验显示联合模型诊断效能优于单独使用血氨(P=0.020)和MELD评分(P=0.003)。验证集中,联合模型诊断MHE的AUC为0.794,Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验显示有较好的校准度(P=0.841)。结论基于AMM-ULN、MELD评分和教育年限的联合模型可提高对MHE的诊断价值。

The Role of Host Cytoskeleton in Flavivirus Infection

The family of flaviviruses is one of the most medically important groups of emerging arthropod-borne viruses. Host cell cytoskeletons have been reported to have close contact with flaviviruses during virus entry, intracellular transport, replication, and egress process, although many detailed mechanisms are still unclear. This article provides a brief overview of the function of the most prominent flaviviruses-induced or-hijacked cytoskeletal structures including actin, microtubules and intermediate filaments, mainly focus on infection by dengue virus, Zika virus and West Nile virus. We suggest that virus interaction with host cytoskeleton to be an interesting area of future research.

Gamma-glutamyl Transpeptidase to Platelet Ratio Predicts Liver Injury in Hepatitis B e Antigen-negative Chronic Hepatitis B Patients With Normal Alanine Aminotransferase

Background and Aims:Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a serious health problem worldwide.Evaluating liver injury in patients with hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B(CHB)with detectable HBV DNA and normal alanine aminotransferase(ALT)is crucial to guide their clinical management.We aimed to investigate the stages of liver inflammation and fibrosis as well as the predictive accuracy of gamma-glutamyl transpepti-dase-to-platelet ratio(GPR)in these patients.Methods:A total of 184 treatment-naïve HBeAg-negative CHB pa-tients with detectable HBV DNA and normal ALT were enrolled.The Scheuer scoring system was used to classify liver inflammation and fibrosis.Results:The distribution of patients with different liver inflammation grades were as follows:G0,0(0%);G1,97(52.7%);G2,68(37.0%);G3,12(6.5%);and G4,7(3.8%).The distribution of patients with different liver fibrosis stages were as follows:S0,22(12.0%);S1,72(39.1%);S2,42(22.8%);S3,19(10.3%);and S4,29(15.8%).The areas under the re-ceiver operating characteristic(AUROC)curves of GPR in predicting significant inflammation,severe inflammation,and advanced inflammation were 0.723,0.895,and 0.952,respectively.The accuracy of GPR was significantly superior to that of ALT in predicting liver inflammation.The AUROCs of GPR in predicting significant fibrosis,severe fibrosis,and cirrhosis were 0.691,0.780,and 0.803,respectively.The predictive accuracy of GPR was significantly higher than that of aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index(APRI)and fibrosis index based on four factors(FIB-4)in identifying advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis,and it was superior to FIB-4 but comparable to APRI in identifying significant fibrosis.Conclusions:Nearly half of the HBeAg-negative CHB patients with detectable HBV DNA and normal ALT levels had significant liver inflammation or fibrosis.GPR can serve as an accurate predictor of liver inflammation and fibrosis in these patients.

Fuel ethanol production using novel carbon sources and fermentation medium optimization with response surface methodology

In this study,ethanol production abilities of the novel carbon sources:sodium and calcium gluconate in different minimal and rich media were compared with glucose using Escherichia coli KO11.The strain produced higher ethanol yield in the rich medium Luria-Bertani(LB)than the other two minimal media:corn steep liquor(CSL)and M9 for two substrates(sodium and calcium gluconate).Additionally,higher ethanol yields were achieved when the strain was grown in LB and M9 medium with calcium gluconate than sodium gluconate,while the ethanol yields were similar when both sodium and calcium gluconate were added into CSL medium respectively.Response surface methodology was used to optimize the fermentation medium components for enhancing ethanol production using strain E.coli KO11 in CSL medium with calcium gluconate as the substrate in batch culture.The concentration of the potassium phosphate buffer is the only significant factor among five factors considered.A quadratic model was developed to describe the relationship between ethanol production and the factors.The optimal conditions predicted for five factors were 14.38 g/L CSL,0.0398 g/L FeCl_(3)·6H2O,1.12 g/L MgSO_(4)·6H_(2)O,15.41 g/L(NH4)_(2)SO_(4),and 1.58/1.26 g/L KH_(2)PO_(4)/K_(2)HPO_(4)(2:1 molar ratio).The highest ethanol concentration under optimal conditions was 31.5 g/L,which was 5.6 g/L higher than that from the same fermentation concentration of calcium gluconate in LB media.The high correlation between the predicted and experimental values confirmed the validity of the model.

Regulation of the inward K^+-channels in stomatal guard cells by cytoskeletal microtubules

Patch clamp techniques were applied to investigating the regulation of the inward K^+channels in Vicia stomatal guard cells by cytoskeletal microtubules. The intracellular addition of either microtubule-disassembling reagent amprophos-methyl (APM) or microtubule-stabilizing reagent taxol resulted in significant inhibition of the inward K^+ -currents across the plasma membranes of Vicia stomatal guard cells. The results suggest that the activation of the inward K^+channels in stomatal guard cells requires proper dynamic organization of cytoskeletal microtubules. The regulation of the inward K^+-channels in guard cells by microtubules may mediate the regulation of stomatal movements by cytoskeleton.

Derivation of the multi-model generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli filter:a solution to multi-target hybrid systems

In this study,we extend traditional(single-target)hybrid systems to multi-target hybrid systems with a focus on the multi-maneuvering-target tracking system.This system consists of a continuous state,a discrete and switchable state,and a discrete,time-constant,and unique state.By defining a new generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli density,we prove that it is closed under the Chapman-Kolmogorov prediction and Bayes update for multi-target hybrid systems.In other words,we provide the exact derivation of a solution to this system,i.e.,the multi-model generalized labeled multi-Bemoulli filter,which has been developed without strict proof.

Four COVID-19 Cases of New Variant B.1.351 First Emerging in South Africa in Chinese Passengers on Same Flight-Shenzhen,China,January 2021

At 04∶50 on January 1,2021,a 36-year-old Chinese project manager(Case A),a 29-year-old Chinese worker(Case B),and a 53-year-old Chinese businessman(Case C)returned from Africa(Case A and B from South Africa and Case C from Lesotho)on the same flight and tested coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)RNA positive by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)by Baoan District People’s Hospital.Shenzhen CDC received their oral nasopharyngeal swabs packages from the hospital and retested COVID-19 RNA positive at 09∶50.Meanwhile,Case D.

Utilization and Analysis of Resource Mobility in Space Information Networks

In space information networks,resource mobility is an important factor affecting the network performance,which not only results in challenges in resource management but also brings opportunities to the improvement of network service capability.In order to explore the restriction and improvement mechanism of resource mobility on network performance,we firstly use the time-expanded resource relationship graph to represent the moving behavior of multidimensional resources and the collaborative relationship between different resources.Then by jointly considering the number of disjoint resource combinations,the length of moving time window,and the parameter of resource independence,we propose(k,n,L)degree of freedom on resource combination as a metric measuring performance gain resulted from resource mobility.Furthermore,the analysis of resource mobility is transformed into the problem of finding disjoint paths in the graph,and the tradeoff relationship between QoS requirements of task and resource mobility utilization is discussed.Finally,the tradeoff between the gain of resource mobility utilization and the payment of service process delay is revealed through simulation.

Squeezed back-to-back correlations of K+K- in d+Au collisions at sNN1/2=200 GeV and Au+Au collisions at sNN1/2=62.4 GeV

We investigate the squeezed back-to-back correlations(BBC) of K^+K^-, caused by the mass modification of particles in the dense medium formed in d + Au collisions at √sNN= 200 GeV and Au + Au collisions at √sNN= 62.4 GeV. Considering that some kaons may not be affected by the medium, we further study the BBC functions of K+K-when parts of all kaons have a mass-shift. Our results indicate that the BBC functions of K+K-can be observed when only ~10% of all kaons have a mass-shift in d + Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV and the peripheral collisions of Au + Au at √sNN= 62.4 GeV. Since the BBC function is caused by the mass-shift due to the interactions between the particle and the medium, the successful detection of the BBC function indirectly marks that the dense medium has formed in these collision systems. We suggest the experimental measurement of the BBC function of K^+K^- in d + Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV and peripheral collisions of Au + Au at √sNN= 62.4 GeV.

Comparative neutralization profiles of naive and breakthrough infections with Delta,Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants of SARS-CoV-2

Dear Editor,Developing a variant-specific vaccine has drawn great concern due to the considerably altered antigenicity and immune evasion of the Omicron variant.Several recent studies have evaluated the immunogenicity of Omicron-based mRNA vaccines for both regular and booster vaccination and compared it with the wildtype(WT)SARS-CoV-2 counterpart in animal models.

New journal on biological frontiers

Frontiers in Biology,an international peer-reviewed scientific journal to be published bi-monthly,is launched today.It is jointly published by Higher Education Press and Springer.

Resource Mobility Aware Hybrid Task Planning in Space Information Networks

In this paper,a resource mobility aware two-stage hybrid task planning algorithm is proposed to reduce the resource conflict between emergency tasks and the common tasks,so as to improve the overall performance of space information networks.Specifically,in the common task planning stage,a resource fragment avoidance task planning algorithm is proposed,which reduces the contention between emergency tasks and the planned common tasks in the next stage by avoiding the generation of resource fragments.For emergency tasks,we design a metric to quantify the revenue of the candidate resource combination of emergency tasks,which considers both the priority of the tasks and the impact on the planned common tasks.Based on this,a resource mobility aware emergency task planning algorithm is proposed,which strikes a good balance between improving the sum priority and avoiding disturbing the planned common tasks.Finally,simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the existing algorithms in both the sum task priority and the task completion rate.