A splice site mutation in the FvePHP gene is associated with leaf development and f lowering time in woodland strawberry

Leaves and f lowers are crucial for the growth and development of higher plants.In this study we identified a mutant with narrow leaf lets and early f lowering(nlef)in an ethyl methanesulfonate-mutagenized population of woodland strawberry(Fragaria vesca)and aimed to identify the candidate gene.Genetic analysis revealed that a single recessive gene,nlef,controlled the mutant phenotype.We found that FvH4_1g25470,which encodes a putative DNA polymeraseαwith a polymerase and histidinol phosphatase domain(PHP),might be the candidate gene,using bulked segregant analysis with whole-genome sequencing,molecular markers,and cloning analyses.A splice donor site mutation(C to T)at the 5-end of the second intron led to an erroneous splice event that reduced the expression level of the full-length transcript of FvePHP in mutant plants.FvePHP was localized in the nucleus and was highly expressed in leaves.Silencing of FvePHP using the virus-induced gene silencing method resulted in partial developmental defects in strawberry leaves.Overexpression of the FvePHP gene can largely restore the mutant phenotype.The expression levels of FveSEP1,FveSEP3,FveAP1,FveFUL,and FveFT were higher in the mutants than those in‘Yellow Wonder’plants,probably contributing to the early f lowering phenotype in mutant plants.Our results indicate that mutation in FvePHP is associated with multiple developmental pathways.These results aid in understanding the role of DNA polymerase in strawberry development.

基于HMO方法、FMO理论和DFT计算理解Diels-Alder反应的立体专一性、区域选择性和立体选择性

Diels-Alder(D-A)反应是基础有机化学的重要教学内容,也是结构化学中运用物质结构基本原理予以分析处理的典型化学反应。本文基于休克尔分子轨道(HMO)方法、前线分子轨道(FMO)理论和量子化学计算研究了1-甲氧基-1,3-丁二烯和丙烯醛的Diels-Alder反应,给出了理解反应立体专一性、区域选择性和立体选择性的定量信息和直观物理图像。研究结果有助于加深学生对D-A反应特点和规律的认识、培养学生对计算化学的兴趣、提高学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。

CPK激酶调控植物生长发育的分子机理及其研究进展

钙离子依赖性蛋白激酶(calcium-dependent protein kinase,CDPK或CPK)是细胞信号转导中发挥重要调控功能的一类丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶.植物基因组编码大量的CPK激酶.当外界钙离子浓度发生变化时,CPK激酶能感知这些变化并与钙离子结合,导致蛋白构象改变以及释放自抑制结构域对激酶活性的抑制,从而激活CPK激酶.激活的CPK激酶通过磷酸化底物蛋白把钙信号向下游传递并引发胞内信号通路的级联反应,最终调控植物生长发育或对外界环境信号的响应.本文概述了CPK激酶的基本结构和分子特征,以及CPK激酶在调控植物生长发育、激素信号机理、生物和非生物胁迫应答过程中的最新研究进展,并对当前研究中存在的问题和未来的研究方向进行探讨与展望.

Temporal assembly patterns of microbial communities in three parallel bioreactors treating low-concentration coking wastewater with differing carbon source concentrations

Carbon source is an important factor of biological treatment systems, the effects of which on their temporal community assembly patterns are not sufficiently understood currently.In this study, the temporal dynamics and driving mechanisms of the communities in three parallel bioreactors for low-concentration coking wastewater(CWW) treatment with differing carbon source concentrations(S0 with no glucose addition, S1 with 200 mg/L glucose addition and S2 with 400 mg/L glucose addition) were comprehensively studied. Highthroughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses including network analysis and Infer Community Assembly Mechanisms by Phylogenetic bin-based null model(iCAMP) were used. The communities of three systems showed turnover rates of 0.0029~0.0034 every 15days. Network analysis results showed that the S0 network showed higher positive correlation proportion(71.43%) and clustering coefficient(0.33), suggesting that carbon source shortage in S0 promoted interactions and cooperation of microbes. The neutral community model analysis showed that the immigration rate increased from 0.5247 in S0 to 0.6478in S2. The iCAMP analysis results showed that drift(45.89%) and homogeneous selection(31.68%) dominated in driving the assembly of all the investigated microbial communities.The contribution of homogeneous selection increased with the increase of carbon source concentrations, from 27.92% in S0 to 36.08% in S2. The OTUs participating in aerobic respiration and tricarboxylic acid(TCA) cycle were abundant among the bins mainly affected by deterministic processes, while those related to the metabolism of refractory organic pollutants in CWW such as alkanes, benzenes and phenols were abundant in the bins dominated by stochastic processes.

Stable classi?cation with limited sample: transferring a 30-m resolution sample set collected in 2015 to mapping 10-m resolution global land cover in 2017

As the world strives to reduce the impact of population growth, urbanization, agricultural expansion, and climate change on food security, energy and water shortage, resource over-exploration, biodiversity loss, environmental pollution, and ultimately human health, timely and higher resolution land cover information is urgently needed to achieve the sustainable development goals of the United Nations.

Corrigendum to“Temporal assembly patterns of microbial communities in three parallel bioreactors treating low-concentration coking wastewater with differing carbon source concentrations”[Journal of Environmental Sciences,Volume 137,March 2024,Pages 455-468]

The authors regret that the first line of Fig.7 has an extra“toluene”.The correct Fig.7 is provided as below.

多学科联合治疗老年口腔疾患1例

目的:本病例将报告1例老年患者的口腔全科诊疗病例,涉及牙体牙髓病、牙周病、口腔颌面外科和口腔修复科四个口腔医学亚专业的多学科联合诊治。诊治经过:患者来诊时前牙重度磨耗、反,后牙咬合支持丧失,垂直高度变小。经过重新确立垂直高度,诊断模型上架,雕刻诊断蜡型,最终判断此垂直高度下修复是可行的。通过翻模制作备牙导板指导牙体预备,制作硅胶模板用于制作临时冠,确保了最终垂直高度与治疗设计阶段确定的垂直高度一致。制作临时胶连义齿并戴用一段时间帮助患者适应新垂直高度。在适应新垂直高度后再制作终义齿。结果:患者义齿戴用舒适,很好地改善了反。结论:本病例通过多学科联合治疗,获得了良好的治疗效果,患者口腔健康得到了恢复。

Non-uniform operative temperature distribution characteristics and heat-source-controlled core-area range of local heating radiators

Heating the whole space,which is currently used in northern China,leads to high energy consumption and substantial pollution.A transition to local heating has the potential to help address this problem.In this paper,the effects of radiator-related parameters(position,power,and size)and room-related parameters(aspect ratio and height)on local heating were studied.Two evaluation indices,the effective coefficient of operative temperature(OTEC)and the effective coefficient of local heating(LHEC),were proposed.In addition,the heat source-control core-area(HSCCA)was proposed,and the effect range of heat sources in the space was evaluated by the attenuation of operative temperature.The findings demonstrated that the radiator position has a greater influence on local heating than size.When the position of the radiator was changed from"close to the inner wall"to"close to the outer wall",the LHEC(the interior one-quarter of room is a local heating zone)was found to decrease by 73%.The size of the radiator,which is close to the inner wall,doubled or quadrupled,and the LHEC increased by 9%and 18%.Moreover,rooms with a larger aspect ratio or small room height were found to be the most optimal for local heating applications.The area of the HSCCA decreased as the position of the radiator approached the outer wall.The findings of this study can be used as a design reference for the radiator when the heating mode changes from"full-space heating"to"local heating".

The distribution and evolution of surface fractures on pan-Antarctic ice shelves

Surface fractures have a great impact on ice shelf stability in Antarctica and can be considered precursors of ice shelf calving.However,our understanding of the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of surface fractures on the Antarctic ice shelf is limited.In this study,a ResUNet model was implemented on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)-based Mosaic of Antarctica(MOA)to identify the spatial distribution of Antarctic ice shelf surface fractures in 2004,2009,and 2014.The accuracy of identification had an F1 value of 0.771.Our model identified 44744.59±2619.61 km^(2)of surface fractures in 2004,43737.15±2644.60 km^(2)in 2009,and 42978.67±2639.33 km^(2)in 2014.The reduction is primarily attributed to the variation in surface fractures within 20 km of the ice front,paratactically in the Amundsen and Wilkes sectors.Ice shelves in the Amundsen sector typically have a widespread distribution of surface fractures,with particularly high concentrations found in the Thwaites Ice Shelf,Crosson Ice Shelf and Getz Ice Shelf.The Brunt Ice Shelf also exhibits numerous surface fractures.This study provides comprehensive and detailed information about surface fractures on Antarctic ice shelves,carrying implications for evaluating ice shelf vulnerability.

体检人群中前列腺钙化灶的检出率及临床特征分析

目的分析体检人群前列腺钙化灶的检出率、年龄分布及合并症状等临床特征。方法回顾性分析2021年1月至2021年12月在南方医科大学深圳医院健康管理中心就诊的1.4万名体检人群体检后的健康评估资料,包括前列腺钙化灶的年龄分布、伴随症状和相关比例等。结果体检男性行前列腺彩超检查者5110名,发现前列腺钙化灶者1788名(35.0%)。其中20~29岁组检出228名(占同龄组人群的31.5%),30~39岁组检出899名(57.2%),40~49岁组检出503名(40.5%),50~80岁组检出158名(10.1%)。前列腺钙化伴尿频尿急症状者186名(10.4%),伴尿痛105名(5.9%),伴血尿或血精7名(0.4%),伴性功能减弱55名(3.1%)。结论前列腺钙化在不同的年龄组发生率存在一定差异,在30~39岁发生率最高。前列腺钙化合并常见伴随症状的发生率较低,无症状前列腺钙化者无需治疗。有部分前列腺钙化者合并相关症状,需要进行进一步的健康管理,从而提高生活质量。

Embedding wasted hairs in Ti/PbO_(2) anode for efficient and sustainable electrochemical oxidation of organic wastewater

Despite of the hazardous risk of Pb^(2+) leakage, lead dioxide has been attributed as a quasi-ideal anode material with high oxygen evolution potential, excellent conductivity, good stability and low cost in electrochemical oxidation wastewater treatment technique. In this study, a novel Ti/PbO_(2) anode was fabricated by embedding raw materials that are readily and cheaply available, i.e., hairs. The structure-activity relationship of the new electrode was firstly revealed by material and electrochemical characterizations. Then different levels of pollutants (azo dye, phenol and maleic acid) were used to investigate the electrochemical oxidation performance of the new electrode. Finally, the accelerated electrode lifetime and Pb^(2+) leakage tests were carried out. Results showed that the embedded hairs changed the preferential crystallographic orientation of PbO_(2) and decreased the grain size. Hairs introduced additional roughness and active sites, and decreased the electrode impedance, especially under 5 mg/cm^(2) of embedding amount. The removal efficiencies of different target pollutants were enhanced more or less by embedding appropriate amount of hairs, depending on the current density, but loading excessive hairs had a negative effect. The accumulation of intermediate products during phenol degradation was also changed by the hairs. The new electrode could undergo ~550 h of harsh electrolysis. It is also relieved that the Pb^(2+) leakage was found to be suppressed during this long-term electrolysis process.

On-chip single-mode CdS nanowire laser

By integrating a free-standing cadmium sulfide(CdS)nanowire onto a silicon nitride(SiN)photonic chip,we demonstrate a highly compact on-chip single-mode CdS nanowire laser.The mode selection is realized using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI)structure.When the pumping intensity exceeds the lasing threshold of 4.9 kW/cm^(2),onchip single-mode lasing at ~518.9 nm is achieved with a linewidth of 0.1 nm and a side-mode suppression ratio of up to a factor of 20(13 dB).The output of the nanowire laser is channelled into an on-chip SiN waveguide with high efficiency(up to 58%)by evanescent coupling,and the directional coupling ratio between the two output ports can be varied from 90 to 10% by predesigning the coupling length of the SiN waveguide.Our results open new opportunities for both nanowire photonic devices and on-chip light sources and may pave the way towards a new category of hybrid nanolasers for chip-integrated applications.