High Yield Cultivation and Pest Control Technology of Cashew

In order to enhance the yield and quality of cashew,it is essential to implement high-yield cultivation techniques effectively throughout the production process.Additionally,pest control measures should be employed to provide technical support for the industrialized development of cashew.

Construction and Preliminary Application of RT-LAMP Detection Method for Swine Japanese B Encephalitis Virus

[ Objective] This study aimed to establish a rapid, sensitive and specific method using reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification （RT-LAMP） technology to detect swine Japanese B encephalitis virus （JEV）. [ Method ] Four specific LAMP primers were designed according to six loci the conservative region of JEV E gene sequence. Positive JEV RNA sample was used as a template for one-step amplification, and the reaction conditions and reaction system were optimized. [ Result] Experimental results showed that the established method had high sensitivity, with the detection limit of 0.5pg; specificity experi- ments indicated that the method had high specificity and there was no amplification reaction for other viral pathogens. The coincidence rate between detection results of RT-LAMP and RT-Nested-PCR was 90.9%. After RT-LAMP reaction, a chemiluminescent agent was added for visual observation, which greatly reduced the detection time. This method required no special equipment but only a water bath, which was a simple, sensitive and rapid detection method for swine Japanese B encephalitis virus and could be applied in primary laboratories. [ Conclusion] An RT-LAMP detection method for swine Japanese B encephalitis virus was successfully established and preliminarily applied in clinical practice.

Microbiota transplantation reveals beneficial impact of berberine on hepatotoxicity by improving gut homeostasis

Berberine has been shown to reduce acute liver injury although the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Because of the anatomic connection, the liver is constantly exposed to gut-derived bacterial products and metabolites. In this study, we showed that berberine has beneficial effects on both hepatotoxicity and intestinal damage in a rat model of chronic or acute liver injury. Microbiota transplantation from the rats with chronic hepatotoxicity could aggravate acute hepatotoxicity in mice treated with diethylnitrosamine(DEN). In rat models with gut homeostasis disruption induced by penicillin or dextran sulfate sodium(DSS), their fecal microbiota could also cause an enhanced hepatotoxicity of recipient mice. When treated with berberine,the DSS-induced enteric dysbacteriosis could be mitigated and their fecal bacteria were able to reduce acute hepatotoxicity in recipient mice. This study indicates that berberine could improve intestinal dysbacteriosis, which reduces the hepatotoxicity caused by pathological or pharmacological intervention. Fecal microbiota transplantation might be a useful method to directly explore homeostatic alteration in gut microbiota.

Construction and characterization of a full-length infectious clone of Getah virus in vivo

Getah virus(GETV)is a mosquito-borne virus of the genus Alphavirus in the family Togaviridae and,in recent years,it has caused several outbreaks in animals.The molecular basis for GETV pathogenicity is not well understood.Therefore,a reverse genetic system of GETV is needed to produce genetically modified viruses for the study of the viral replication and its pathogenic mechanism.Here,we generated a CMV-driven infectious cDNA clone based on a previously isolated GETV strain,GX201808(pGETV-GX).Transfection of pGETV-GX into BHK-21 cells resulted in the recovery of a recombinant virus(rGETV-GX)which showed similar growth characteristics to its parental virus.Then three-day-old mice were experimentally infected with either the parental or recombinant virus.The recombinant virus showed milder pathogenicity than the parental virus in the mice.Based on the established CMV-driven cDNA clone,subgenomic promoter and two restriction enzyme sites(BamHI and EcoRI)were introduced into the region between E1 protein and 3’UTR.Then the green fluorescent protein(GFP),red fluorescent protein(RFP)and improved light-oxygen-voltage(iLOV)genes were inserted into the restriction enzyme sites.Transfection of the constructs carrying the reporter genes into BHK-21 cells proved the rescue of the recombinant reporter viruses.Taken together,the establishment of a reverse genetic system for GETV provides a valuable tool for the study of the virus life cycle,and to aid the development of genetically engineered GETVs as vectors for foreign gene expression.