Thoughts on Cultivation of Top-notch Innovative Talents of Food Subject in Local Universities

The cultivation of top-notch innovative talents is one of the most prominent tasks in China s universities in the new era,and also an opportunity and challenge for local universities.Taking the food subject of local universities as an example,some suggestions were put forward from the aspects of security measures,teacher team construction,talent selection and management,and talent cultivation,in order to provide reference for the exploration and practice of cultivating top-notch innovative talents in the food subject of local universities.

Effects of Different Parameters of Electrostatic Field on Removal of Ethylene in Fruit and Vegetable Storage Environment

[Objectives]The effects of different parameters of electrostatic field on the removal of ethylene from fruit and vegetable storage environment were studied. [Methods]The high voltage electrostatic field technology was used to simulate the removal of ethylene from fruit and vegetable storages, and its influencing factors were tested and analyzed. [Results] The removal effect of needle-plate electrodes was better than that of needle electrodes. The removal effect of ethylene at high voltage was better than that at low voltage. The length of gas chamber was positively correlated with the time required for ethylene removal. Increasing the voltage could produce more ozone, thus improving the removal effect of ethylene. [Conclusions] This study provides theoretical basis and technical support for the use of high-voltage electrostatic field to remove ethylene in controlled atmosphere storages.

双马来酰亚胺/氰酸酯型发泡胶的制备与表征

以4,4’-双马来酰亚胺二苯甲烷(BMI-1)、双酚A型氰酸酯(BADCy)和酚酞型聚芳醚砜(PES-C)为原料通过加入发泡剂合成了双马来酰亚胺/氰酸酯耐高温发泡胶。通过差示扫描量热分析和红外表征分析了树脂的固化行为。扫描电子显微镜分析表明,该发泡胶发泡均匀细腻(平均泡孔直径0.275 mm)。热重分析结果表明,该发泡胶具有很高的耐温性:空气和氮气氛围下10%分解温度分别为393℃和412℃。发泡胶在9.375 GHz频率下的介电常数为1.65、介电损耗为0.0057,展现了优异的介电性能。管剪测试表明,该发泡胶具有优异的黏结性能和耐温性能,-55℃、25℃和150℃管剪强度均大于7 MPa,205℃管剪强度不小于4 MPa。与多种材料的拉伸测试结果表明,该发泡胶与多种材料具有优异的黏结性能,铝-铝拉伸强度为9.2 MPa、钛-钛拉伸强度为5.9 MPa、双马基复材-双马基复材拉伸强度为5.9 MPa。

Generation of breathing solitons in the propagation and interactions of Airy–Gaussian beams in a cubic–quintic nonlinear medium

Using the split-step Fourier transform method, we numerically investigate the generation of breathing solitons in the propagation and interactions of Airy–Gaussian（AiG） beams in a cubic–quintic nonlinear medium in one transverse dimension. We show that the propagation of single AiG beams can generate stable breathing solitons that do not accelerate within a certain initial power range. The propagation direction of these breathing solitons can be controlled by introducing a launch angle to the incident AiG beams. When two AiG beams accelerated in opposite directions interact with each other,different breathing solitons and soliton pairs are observed by adjusting the phase shift, the beam interval, the amplitudes,and the light field distribution of the initial AiG beams.

Specific Antigens to Distinguish <i>M. tuberculosis</i>from <i>M. avium</i>

To distinguish Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Mycobacterium avium, specific M. tuberculosis antigens had been studied for improving the early differential diagnosis effect of tuberculosis caused by different Mycobacterium. The rabbit anti-M. avium sera and anti-M. tuberculosis sera were analyzed for antibody-based reactivity by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF Mass) against M. tuberculosis proteins. The immunoreactive spots, which were attributed to the proteins HspX, GroES and CFP-10, were mostly located at 10 - 60 kDa and PI 4 - 6, subsequently Western blotting result proved that HspX and CFP-10 were specific to M. tuberculosis and ELISA testing result of 30 M. avium positive sera showed that GroES were cross-reactive to M. avium. Lastly, positive and negative tuberculosis reference sera and based on the mechanism of indirect ELISA, the specificity and the sensitivity of the methods targeting the antibodies HspX, GroES or CFP-10 were evaluated at 37% and 26%, 12% and 97%, 81% and 98%, respectively. The combination of these three antibody detection methods allowed to reached a specificity of 42%, and of 39% without taken into account of the method targeting the GroES antibody. Using proteomics approach, we found three M. tuberculosis specific antigens showed good potential in tuberculosis diagnosis, providing basic study for serodiagnosis of tuberculosis.

某船艏部固定压载设计

某型船艏部船体线型较为尖瘦,导致管隧内部呈不规则的空间结构,如按常规尺寸的固定铅压载在此空间内进行安装施工,很难保证重量控制准确性。通过在TRIBON三维模型中对船艏部进行建模研究,分析船体线型的变化,设计了固定铅压载物的多种规格以及施工放样图,通过准确计算,保证了艏部管隧空间内的总压载重量,对整船的建造工作打下良好的施工基础。

A high-performance electrochromic device assembled with WO_(3)/Ag and TiO_(2)/NiO composite electrodes towards smart window

The choice of cathode and anode materials for electrochromic devices plays a key role in the performance of electrochromic smart windows.In this research,WO_(3)/Ag and TiO_(2)/NiO composite thin films were separately prepared by the hydrothermal method combined with electrodeposition.The electrochromic properties of the single WO_(3) thin film were optimized,and TiO_(2)/NiO composite films showed better electrochromic performance than that of the single NiO film.WO_(3)/Ag and TiO_(2)/NiO composite films with excellent electrochromic properties were respectively chosen as the cathode and the anode to construct a WO_(3)/Ag‒TiO_(2)/NiO electrochromic device.The response time(tc=4.08 s,tb=1.08 s),optical modulation range(35.91%),and coloration efficiency(30.37 cm^(2)·C^(-1))of this electrochromic device are better than those of WO_(3)-NiO and WO_(3)/Ag-NiO electrochromic devices.This work provides a novel research idea for the performance enhancement of electrochromic smart windows.

Study of copper-cysteamine based X-ray induced photodynamic therapy and its effects on cancer cell proliferation and migration in a clinical mimic setting

Copper-cysteamine as a new generation of sensitizers can be activated by light,X-rays,microwaves,or ultrasound to produce reactive oxygen species.X-ray induced photodynamic therapy(X-PDT)has been studied extensively;however,most of the studies reported so far were conducted in the laboratory,which is not conducive to the clinical translation conditions.In this contribution,for the first time,we investigated the treatment efficiency of copper-cysteamine(Cu-Cy)based X-PDT by mimicking the clinical conditions with a clinical linear accelerator and building deep-seated tumor models to study not only the effectiveness but also its effects on the cell migration and proliferation in the level of the cell,tissue,and animal.The results showed that,without X-ray irradiation,Cu-Cy nanoparticles(NPs)had a low toxicity in HepG2,SK-HEP-1,Li-7,and 4T1 cells at a concentration below 100 mg/L.Interestingly,for the first time,it was observed that Cu-Cy mediated X-PDT can inhibit the proliferation and migration of these cell lines in a dose-dependent manner.Antigen markers of migration and cell proliferation,proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)and E-cadherin,from tumor tissue in the X-PDT group were remarkably different from that of the control group.Furthermore,the MRI assessment showed that the Cu-Cy based X-PDT inhibited the growth of deeply located tumors in mice and rabbits(p<0.05)without any obvious toxicities in vivo.Overall,these new findings demonstrate that Cu-Cy NPs have a safe and promising clinical application prospect in X-PDT to improve the efficiency of radiotherapy(RT)for deep-seated tumors and effectively inhibit tumor cell proliferation and migration.

Growth performance,fatty acid composition,and lipid metabolism are altered in groupers(Epinephelus coioides)by dietary fish oil replacement with palm oil

In this study,we conducted a 56-d feeding trial to investigate the effects of replacing the fish oil(FO)with palm oil(PO)on the performance,tissue fatty acid(FA)composition,and mRNA levels of genes related to hepatic lipid metabolism in grouper(Epinephelus coioides).Five isolipidic(13%crude lipid)and isonitrogenous(48%CP)diets were formulated by incrementally adding PO to the control diet(25%fish meal and 9%added FO)to replace FO in the control diets.Triplicate groups of 30 groupers(initial weight:12.6±0.1 g)were fed one of the diets twice daily,to apparent satiety.The replacement of FO with 50%PO revealed maximum growth without affecting the performance and whole-body proximate compositions,and replacing FO with 100%PO revealed a comparable(P>0.05)growth with that of the control diet,suggesting PO as a suitable alternative to FO.The analysis of FA profiles in the dorsal muscle and liver though reflected the FA profile of the diet,PO substitutions above 50%could compromise(P<0.05)the FA profile in the liver and flesh of the fish species in comparison with the control diet.Furthermore,the mRNA levels of FAS,G6PD,LPL,PPARА,and D6FAD genes in the liver had positive linear and/or quadratic responses,but the SCD,HSL,ATGL,FABP,SREBP-1C and ELOVL5 had the opposite trend,with increasing dietary PO inclusion levels,whereas the mRNA level of ACC was not affected by dietary treatments.The optimal level of PO substitution for FO was estimated to be 47.1%of the feed,based on the regression analysis of percent weight gains against dietary PO inclusion levels;however,it might affect the FA profile in the liver and flesh of the fish species,and further study is required to investigate whether the changes in tissue FA composition will affect the welfare and market value over a production cycle of grouper.

A molecular link between autophagy and circadian rhythm in plants

Extremely high or low autophagy levels disrupt plant survival under nutrient starvation.Recently,autophagy has been reported to display rhythms in animals.However,the mechanism of circadian regulation of autophagy is still unclear.Here,we observed that autophagy has a robust rhythm and that various autophagy-related genes(ATGs)are rhythmically expressed in Arabidopsis.Chromatin immunoprecipitation(Ch IP)and dual-luciferase(LUC)analyses showed that the core oscillator gene TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1(TOC1)directly binds to the promoters of ATG(ATG1 a,ATG2,and ATG8 d)and negatively regulates autophagy activities under nutritional stress.Furthermore,autophagy defects might affect endogenous rhythms by reducing the rhythm amplitude of TOC1 and shortening the rhythm period of CIRCADIAN CLOCK-ASSOCIATED 1(CCA1).Autophagy is essential for the circadian clock pattern in seedling development and plant sensitivity to nutritional deficiencies.Taken together,our studies reveal a plant strategy in which the TOC1-ATG axis involved in autophagy-rhythm crosstalk to fine-tune the intensity of autophagy.

Structural variations of a new fertility restorer gene,Rf20,underlie the restoration of wild abortive-type cytoplasmic male sterility in rice

The discovery of a wild abortive-type(WA)cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)line and breeding its restorer line have led to the commercialization of three-line hybrid rice,contributing considerably to global food security.However,the molecular mechanisms underlyingfertility abortion and the restoration of CMs-WA lines remain largely elusive.In this study,we cloned a restorer gene,Rf2o,following a genome-wide association study analysis of the core parent lines of three-line hybrid rice.We found that Rf20 was present in all core parental lines,but different haplotypes and structural variants of its gene resulted in differences in Rf2o expression levels between sterileand restored lines.Rf20 could restorepollen fertility in the CMS-WA line and was found to be responsible for fertility restoration in some CMs lines under high temperatures.In addition,we found that Rf20 encodes a pentatricopeptide repeat protein that competes with WA352 for binding with COX11.This interaction enhances Cox11's function as a scavenger of reactive oxygen species,which in turn restores pollenfertility.Collectively,ourstudysuggestsanewactionmodeforpentatricopeptide repeatproteins inthe fertilityrestorationofCMs lines,providing an essential theoretical basisforbreedingrobustrestorer lines and for overcoming high temperature-induced fertility recovery of some CMS lines.