Integrated Fertilization Regimes Boost Heavy Metals Accumulation and Biomass of Sedum alfredii Hance

The hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance(S.alfredii)may be employed for zinc(Zn)and cadmium(Cd)-polluted soil remediation.However,the low phytoremediation efficiency,related to the low biomass production,limits its use with that purpose.In this experiment,nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)fertilizers,and organic manure were applied to investigate the phytoremediation ability of S.alfredii.Hydroponic and pot experiments were conducted using Zn-Cd polluted soil.The hydroponic experiment indicated that appropriate fertilizer application could increase(p<0.05)the amount of accumulated Zn and Cd in S.alfredii.When N supply ranged from 0.5 to 2.5 mmol L^(−1),it could improve growth and accumulation of Zn and Cd in whole plants of S.alfredii.The 1 mmol L^(−1) N was an optimal N dosage for shoot biomass production and Cd accumulation in shoots,while the 2.5 mmol L^(−1) was an optimal N dosage for Zn accumulation in shoots.Both low(<0.05 mmol L^(−1))and high(>0.8 mmol L^(−1))P supply decreased growth,and Zn/Cd accumulation in whole plants of the studied species.The 0.1 mmol L^(−1) P was an optimal dosage for S.alfredii biomass production and Zn/Cd accumulation in shoots.The supply levels within the range from 0.3 to 1 mmol L^(−1) K could significantly improve the biomass production of S.alfredii and its capability to accumulate Zn and Cd in the biomass.The 0.5 mmol L^(−1) K was an optimal dosage for the whole biomass production and Zn accumulation in shoots,while the 1 mmol L^(−1) was an optimal K dosage for Zn accumulation in shoots,which was 17.2%higher than the control.Moreover,the soil pot experiment showed that the combination of organic(fermented manure)and inorganic fertilizers made significant effects on the Zn and Cd-polluted soil remediation by S.alfredii.These effects varied,however,with the application of different proportions of N,P,K and organic matter.The Zn accumulation by S.alfredii reached the highest efficiency ability under the highest fertilizer mixing rate(N:50 mg kg^(−1),P:40 mg kg^(−1),K:100 mg kg^(−1),organic matter:1%).Even more,S.alfredii showed the strongest ability to accumulate Cd with a lower fertilizer mixing rate(N:25mg kg^(−1),P:20mg kg^(−1),K:50 mg kg^(−1),organic matter:0.5%).

Organic Materials Could Improve the Phytoremediation Efficiency of Soil Potentially Hazardous Metal by Sedum alfredii Hance

Soil potentially hazardous metal(PHM)is continually attracting public attention worldwide,due to its highly toxic properties and potentially huge damage to human being through food chain.Phytoremediation is an effective and eco-friendly way in remediation technology.A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different organic materials(biogas residue(BR),mushroom residue(MR),and bamboo-shoot shell(BS))application on phytoremediation of two PHM-contaminated soils(Fuyang soil as‘heavily-polluted soil’and Wenzhou soil as‘moderately-polluted soil’,respectively)by Sedum alfrecdii Hance.The results indicated:1)for moderately-polluted soil,the 5%BR treatment had the strongest activation to Cu and Zn,for heavily-polluted soil,1%BS treatment had the highest activation effect for Cu,Zn,Pb and Cd.2)the above-ground biomass of Sedum alfredii Hance increased with the addition rate of organic materials.3)for Cd uptake of Sedum alfredii Hance in moderately-polluted soil,only 1%BS treatment had a better accumulation effect,compared to the control,for Zn element,MR treatments were weaker than the control,while other treatments were better than the control,of which 5%BR,1%BS and 5%BS accumulated more Zn element by 39.6%,32.6%and 23.8%,respectively;in heavily-polluted soil,the treatments of 5%BS,1%BR and 5%BR accumulated more Cd than the control by 12.9%,12.8%and 6.2%,respectively,the treatments with organic materials addition promoted Zn accumulation in shoots of Sedum alfredii Hance,and the best treatment was 5%BS.Therefore,an appropriate application rate of BS and BR could improve the remediation efficiency for Zn/Cd contaminated soils by Sedum alfredii Hance.

Arsenic trioxide induced rhabdomyolysis, a rare but severe side effect, in an APL patient： a case report

Arsenic trioxide （ATO）, a component of the traditional Chinese medicine arsenic sublimate, promotes apoptosis and induces leukemic cell differentiation. Combined with all-trans-retinotic acid （ATRA）, ATO has become the first-line induction therapy in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia （APL）. The most common side effects of ATO include hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal symptoms, water-sodium retention, and nervous system damage. In this report, we present a rare side effect, rhabdomyolysis, in a 68-year-old female APL patient who was treated with ATO. After taking 10 mg ATO daily for 6 days, she presented shortness of breath, myodynia, elevated creatine kinase, and acute renal insufficiency. This report describes the first case of ATO-induced rhabdomyolysis.

Higher efficacy of oral etoposide for mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells in patients with multiple myeloma

This study compares the efficacy,toxicity,hematopoietic recovery,and cost of stem-cell mobilization using intermediate-dose cyclophosphamide(IDCy)plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)compared with etoposide(VP-16)plus pegylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(PEG-rhG-CSF)in multiple myeloma(MM)patients.Two hundred forty-four consecutive patients undergoing mobilization with IDCy(3-3.5g/m^(2))plus G-CSF(n=155)were compared with patients receiving VP-16 plus PEG-rhG-CSF(n=89),including oral etoposide(n=65)and intravenous etoposide(n=24).Compared with IDCy,VP-16 use was associated with significantly higher median peak peripheral blood CD34+cell count(8.20[range:1.84-84]×10^(6)/kg vs 4.58[range:0.1-27.9]×10^(6)/kg,P=.000),and ideal CD34+cell yield of more than 6×10^(6)/kg(56.8%vs 35.1%,P=.001),notably with a higher efficacy in oral VP-16 use compared with IDCy use(CD 34+cell counts:median peak peripheral blood 5.87 vs 4.58?106/kg and≥6×10^(6)/kg[48.4%vs 35.1%]).The median number of apheresis courses was reduced from two in the IDCy group to one in the VP-16 group(P=.000).IDCy use was associated with significantly more frequent episodes of neutropenia(70.2%vs 35.2%;P=.000),intravenous antibiotic use(13.2%vs 11.4%;P=.672),and hospitalization(P=.000).The recoveries of neutrophils and platelets after autologous stem-cell transplantation were significantly faster in the VP-16 group compared with the IDCy group(P=.000).Our data indicate robust stem-cell mobilization in MM patients with VP-16 delivered either orally or intravenously.When compared with intravenous VP-16,oral VP-16 mobilization was associated with significantly more convenient,lower average total costs,and especially decreased the risk of hospital visits and exposure.

Development and validation of prognostic implications of chromosome abnormalities algorithm for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma

Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)evaluation is essential for initial risk stratification in multiple myeloma(MM).The presence of specific cytogenetic abnormalities(CA)confers a heterogeneity impact on prognosis.However,the cutoff values among different centers are not uniform.Therefore,we conduct this study to better predict the prognosis of newly diagnosed MM patients based on FISH results.The Kaps method was used to calculate the chromosomal abnormal cutoff values.A total of 533 participants were included in the study.The best cutoff value of overall survival were as follows:17p
20.1%,13q
85%,1q21+39%,t(11;14)55.5%,t(14;16)87%,and t(4;14)53.5%.The survival analysis showed that 17p
and 1q21+were the independent factors affecting both OS and progress free survival(PFS)among CA.The analysis based on the cutoff value obtained by Kaps suggested that 13q
,t(14;16),17p
,and 1q21+were independent factors affecting OS among CA;t(14;16),17p
,and 1q21+were independent factors affecting PFS among CA.The prognostic model was constructed by the Kaps method with the Harrell concordance index(c-index)at 0.719(95%CI,0.683–0.756;corrected 0.707),which was higher than that calculated by the European Myeloma Network criteria(0.714;95%CI,0.678–0.751;corrected 0.696).In conclusion,chromosomal abnormalities in different proportions and combinations can affect the prognosis ofMMpatients.Therefore,effective criteria should be formulated to evaluate the prognosis ofMMpatients better.