Objectives: Hydrogel spacer (HS) was developed to reduce rectal toxicities caused by radiotherapy, but has been reported to cause major adverse events. Our institute has attempted to introduce a hyaluronic acid (HA) a...Objectives: Hydrogel spacer (HS) was developed to reduce rectal toxicities caused by radiotherapy, but has been reported to cause major adverse events. Our institute has attempted to introduce a hyaluronic acid (HA) as an alternative spacer. This study aimed to compare rectal doses and geometric distributions between the HS and HA implantation in prostate cancer.Methods: HS and HA were inserted in 20 and 18 patients undergoing high-dose brachytherapy, respectively. The rectum spacer volumes injected were 10 mL and 22 mL, respectively. In the treatment planning system, 13.5 Gy was administered with common catheter positions. The rectal dose indices were assessed between the spacer groups for dosimetry evaluation. Distances between the prostate and rectum and configurations of the spacers were compared.Results: The mean doses irradiated to 0.1 and 2 mL of the rectum were 10.45 Gy and 6.71 Gy for HS, and 6.73 Gy and 4.90 Gy for HA (p<0.001). The mean minimum distances between the prostate and rectum were 1.23 cm and 1.79 cm for HS and HA, respectively (p<0.05). Geometrical configuration comparisons revealed that HA has a higher ability to expand the space than HS.Conclusion: The rectal dose reduction ability of HA is significantly greater than that of HS, suggesting its potential as a new spacer.展开更多
The drug resistance of Escherichia coli from animals was detected in Shandong Province in 2016,the gene mapping of Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR) of multidrug-resistant isolates were an...The drug resistance of Escherichia coli from animals was detected in Shandong Province in 2016,the gene mapping of Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR) of multidrug-resistant isolates were analyzed,and then the relationship between ERIC-PCR genotyping and drug resistance of highly-resistant E.coli with multidrug resistance was discussed.A total of 110 E.coli isolates were separated and identified from diseased swine and avian,and their resistance to 10 kinds of antimicrobials was determined by the agar dilution method.Twenty highly-resistant isolates with multidrug resistance were selected to carry on the ERIC-PCR,followed by cluster genetic analysis according to the DNA fingerprints.The swine-sourced E.coli isolates possessed serious resistance against several kinds of antimicrobial agents,for example,all isolates were tolerant to florfenicol,doxycycline and ampicillin (100%),but had a relative lower resistance rate to cefotaxime sodium (57.14%).The same situation was observed in the poultry-sourced E.coli isolates,which had a resistance rate of 95.51% against florfenicol,while the lowest rate of 61.80% appeared on ciprofloxacin.Analysis of ERTIC showed dispersive fingerprint patterns of highly-resistant and multidrug- resistant isolates which represented a multiple clone resources,and there were certain correlation between the B genotype and the drug-resistant characteristics.It indicated that the animal-sourced E.coli isolates had a high level of drug resistance and were multidrug-resistant,which meant there was severe antibiotic resistance against not only different kinds of antibiotics but also different drugs of the same kind.The highly-resistant E.coli isolates with multidrug resistance had no apparent species preference,while their spread and pervasion posed a potential threat to the development of animal husbandry and the public health security.展开更多
文摘Objectives: Hydrogel spacer (HS) was developed to reduce rectal toxicities caused by radiotherapy, but has been reported to cause major adverse events. Our institute has attempted to introduce a hyaluronic acid (HA) as an alternative spacer. This study aimed to compare rectal doses and geometric distributions between the HS and HA implantation in prostate cancer.Methods: HS and HA were inserted in 20 and 18 patients undergoing high-dose brachytherapy, respectively. The rectum spacer volumes injected were 10 mL and 22 mL, respectively. In the treatment planning system, 13.5 Gy was administered with common catheter positions. The rectal dose indices were assessed between the spacer groups for dosimetry evaluation. Distances between the prostate and rectum and configurations of the spacers were compared.Results: The mean doses irradiated to 0.1 and 2 mL of the rectum were 10.45 Gy and 6.71 Gy for HS, and 6.73 Gy and 4.90 Gy for HA (p<0.001). The mean minimum distances between the prostate and rectum were 1.23 cm and 1.79 cm for HS and HA, respectively (p<0.05). Geometrical configuration comparisons revealed that HA has a higher ability to expand the space than HS.Conclusion: The rectal dose reduction ability of HA is significantly greater than that of HS, suggesting its potential as a new spacer.
文摘The drug resistance of Escherichia coli from animals was detected in Shandong Province in 2016,the gene mapping of Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR) of multidrug-resistant isolates were analyzed,and then the relationship between ERIC-PCR genotyping and drug resistance of highly-resistant E.coli with multidrug resistance was discussed.A total of 110 E.coli isolates were separated and identified from diseased swine and avian,and their resistance to 10 kinds of antimicrobials was determined by the agar dilution method.Twenty highly-resistant isolates with multidrug resistance were selected to carry on the ERIC-PCR,followed by cluster genetic analysis according to the DNA fingerprints.The swine-sourced E.coli isolates possessed serious resistance against several kinds of antimicrobial agents,for example,all isolates were tolerant to florfenicol,doxycycline and ampicillin (100%),but had a relative lower resistance rate to cefotaxime sodium (57.14%).The same situation was observed in the poultry-sourced E.coli isolates,which had a resistance rate of 95.51% against florfenicol,while the lowest rate of 61.80% appeared on ciprofloxacin.Analysis of ERTIC showed dispersive fingerprint patterns of highly-resistant and multidrug- resistant isolates which represented a multiple clone resources,and there were certain correlation between the B genotype and the drug-resistant characteristics.It indicated that the animal-sourced E.coli isolates had a high level of drug resistance and were multidrug-resistant,which meant there was severe antibiotic resistance against not only different kinds of antibiotics but also different drugs of the same kind.The highly-resistant E.coli isolates with multidrug resistance had no apparent species preference,while their spread and pervasion posed a potential threat to the development of animal husbandry and the public health security.
