Memtransistors in which the source-drain channel conductance can be nonvolatilely manipulated through the gate signals have emerged as promising components for implementing neuromorphic computing.On the other side,it ...Memtransistors in which the source-drain channel conductance can be nonvolatilely manipulated through the gate signals have emerged as promising components for implementing neuromorphic computing.On the other side,it is known that the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)field effect transistors have played the fundamental role in the modern integrated circuit technology.Therefore,will complementary memtransistors(CMT)also play such a role in the future neuromorphic circuits and chips?In this review,various types of materials and physical mechanisms for constructing CMT(how)are inspected with their merits and need-to-address challenges discussed.Then the unique properties(what)and poten-tial applications of CMT in different learning algorithms/scenarios of spiking neural networks(why)are reviewed,including super-vised rule,reinforcement one,dynamic vision with in-sensor computing,etc.Through exploiting the complementary structure-related novel functions,significant reduction of hardware consuming,enhancement of energy/efficiency ratio and other advan-tages have been gained,illustrating the alluring prospect of design technology co-optimization(DTCO)of CMT towards neuro-morphic computing.展开更多
Metal‐organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted considerable attention as promising next‐generation active electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries(LIBs)or sodium‐ion batteries(SIBs)because of ultrahigh specific...Metal‐organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted considerable attention as promising next‐generation active electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries(LIBs)or sodium‐ion batteries(SIBs)because of ultrahigh specific surface area,uniformly distributed pores,and tunable structure.However,there are some disadvantages inevitably far from meeting commercial requirements,such as low conductivity,inconvenient electron transmission,and unsatisfactory circulation stability.In this review,a comprehensive summary of MOFs‐based electrode materials is presented and discussed.First,the general Li^(^(+))/Na^(+)storage mechanism in MOFs‐based electrode materials,including conversion‐and insertion‐type reactions,are summarized with details of active inorganic/organic ligands.Second,MOFs as anode materials for LIBs/SIBs are emphasized and improved on the electrochemical performances.Furthermore,very few research literature on MOFs‐based cathode materials is also discussed.Finally,opinions and prospects on the current challenge of MOFs‐based electrode materials are provided for future research directions.展开更多
目的:基于Web of Science数据库的收录情况,运用文献计量的方法分析阿托品在近视防控领域中应用的现状以及研究热点。方法:文献研究。以近十年(2011—2021年)Web of Science(WOS)中的核心数据库收录的关于阿托品在近视防控领域研究的文...目的:基于Web of Science数据库的收录情况,运用文献计量的方法分析阿托品在近视防控领域中应用的现状以及研究热点。方法:文献研究。以近十年(2011—2021年)Web of Science(WOS)中的核心数据库收录的关于阿托品在近视防控领域研究的文献为分析对象,利用CiteSpace软件,运用文献计量学方法,从文献的年发文量、国家及机构来源、刊文期刊分布及关键词突现、共被引文献分析等角度对其进行可视化分析。结果:共检索到290篇文献,发文量最多的国家是中国,其次是美国;发文量最多的研究机构是新加坡国立眼科中心,其次是新加坡国立大学和香港理工大学;发文最多的期刊为《Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics》以及《Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science》;研究的趋势从早期以动物实验为主来研究阿托品类药物的药理学及安全性到中期的临床随机对照试验及基于这些对照试验进行的一系列Meta分析,目前的研究热点为阿托品对脉络膜厚度的影响。结论:应用CiteSpace分析阿托品在近视防控领域运用的相关文献,展示出了该领域目前的主要研究及彼此合作的国家和机构,揭示了该领域的研究趋势。阿托品在近视防控中的应用潜力巨大,仍具有较高的研究价值。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB4502200)Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92164204 and 62374063)the Science and Technology Major Project of Hubei Province(No.2022AEA001).
文摘Memtransistors in which the source-drain channel conductance can be nonvolatilely manipulated through the gate signals have emerged as promising components for implementing neuromorphic computing.On the other side,it is known that the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)field effect transistors have played the fundamental role in the modern integrated circuit technology.Therefore,will complementary memtransistors(CMT)also play such a role in the future neuromorphic circuits and chips?In this review,various types of materials and physical mechanisms for constructing CMT(how)are inspected with their merits and need-to-address challenges discussed.Then the unique properties(what)and poten-tial applications of CMT in different learning algorithms/scenarios of spiking neural networks(why)are reviewed,including super-vised rule,reinforcement one,dynamic vision with in-sensor computing,etc.Through exploiting the complementary structure-related novel functions,significant reduction of hardware consuming,enhancement of energy/efficiency ratio and other advan-tages have been gained,illustrating the alluring prospect of design technology co-optimization(DTCO)of CMT towards neuro-morphic computing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Youths(Nos.21701059,21804059)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Youths(BK20170571,BK20180974)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M681544)Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(2020Z351)the financial support from the Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis(SKLBA2103).
文摘Metal‐organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted considerable attention as promising next‐generation active electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries(LIBs)or sodium‐ion batteries(SIBs)because of ultrahigh specific surface area,uniformly distributed pores,and tunable structure.However,there are some disadvantages inevitably far from meeting commercial requirements,such as low conductivity,inconvenient electron transmission,and unsatisfactory circulation stability.In this review,a comprehensive summary of MOFs‐based electrode materials is presented and discussed.First,the general Li^(^(+))/Na^(+)storage mechanism in MOFs‐based electrode materials,including conversion‐and insertion‐type reactions,are summarized with details of active inorganic/organic ligands.Second,MOFs as anode materials for LIBs/SIBs are emphasized and improved on the electrochemical performances.Furthermore,very few research literature on MOFs‐based cathode materials is also discussed.Finally,opinions and prospects on the current challenge of MOFs‐based electrode materials are provided for future research directions.
文摘目的:基于Web of Science数据库的收录情况,运用文献计量的方法分析阿托品在近视防控领域中应用的现状以及研究热点。方法:文献研究。以近十年(2011—2021年)Web of Science(WOS)中的核心数据库收录的关于阿托品在近视防控领域研究的文献为分析对象,利用CiteSpace软件,运用文献计量学方法,从文献的年发文量、国家及机构来源、刊文期刊分布及关键词突现、共被引文献分析等角度对其进行可视化分析。结果:共检索到290篇文献,发文量最多的国家是中国,其次是美国;发文量最多的研究机构是新加坡国立眼科中心,其次是新加坡国立大学和香港理工大学;发文最多的期刊为《Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics》以及《Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science》;研究的趋势从早期以动物实验为主来研究阿托品类药物的药理学及安全性到中期的临床随机对照试验及基于这些对照试验进行的一系列Meta分析,目前的研究热点为阿托品对脉络膜厚度的影响。结论:应用CiteSpace分析阿托品在近视防控领域运用的相关文献,展示出了该领域目前的主要研究及彼此合作的国家和机构,揭示了该领域的研究趋势。阿托品在近视防控中的应用潜力巨大,仍具有较高的研究价值。