Surface-defect passivation through complexation with organic molecules leads to enhanced power conversion efficiency and long term stability of perovskite photovoltaics

Organic-inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskites(e.g.,CH3NH3PbX3,X=Cl,Br,I)possess a unique combination of excellent electronic and photoelectrochemical properties including suitable and tunable bandgap,low exciton binding energy in the range of 9–80 meV,high extinction coefficient,and long electron and hole diffusion lengths[1],which make them excellent photovoltaic materials.

Universal organic anodes enable safe low-cost aqueous rechargeable batteries with long cycle life,high capacity, and fast kinetics

Future battery advances and economies of scale will help scrub CO2emissions from transportation and the grid.Economical energy storage lets battery-powered electric vehicles replace internal combustion engines in the transportation sector,which now accounts for the plurality of CO2emissions.For grid-scale applications,the benefits of adding storage are many and well documented[1–2].Beyond increased penetration of intermittent renewable energy generated from such as solar panels