The anthocyanin content in apple skin determines its red coloration,as seen in a Fuji apple mutant.Comparative RNA-seq analysis was performed to determine differentially expressed genes at different fruit development ...The anthocyanin content in apple skin determines its red coloration,as seen in a Fuji apple mutant.Comparative RNA-seq analysis was performed to determine differentially expressed genes at different fruit development stages between the wild-type and the skin color mutant.A novel R2R3-MYB transcription factor,MdMYB90-like,was uncovered as the key regulatory gene for enhanced coloration in the mutant.The expression of MdMYB90-like was 21.3 times higher in the mutant.MdMYB90-like regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis directly through the activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes and indirectly through the activation of other transcription factors that activate anthocyanin biosynthesis.MdMYB90-like bound to the promoters of both structural genes(MdCHS and MdUFGT)and other transcription factor genes(MdMYB1 and MdbHLH3)in the yeast one-hybrid system,electrophoretic mobility shift assay,and dual-luciferase assay.Transgenic analysis showed that MdMYB90-like was localized in the nucleus,and its overexpression induced the expression of other anthocyanin-related genes,including MdCHS,MdCHI,MdANS,MdUFGT,MdbHLH3,and MdMYB1.The mutant had reduced levels of DNA methylation in two regions(−1183 to−988 and−2018 to−1778)of the MdMYB90-like gene promoter,which might explain the enhanced expression of the gene and the increased anthocyanin content in the mutant apple skin.展开更多
基金This work was supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD1000100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(KYZZ2021002)+3 种基金the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions to S.C.Q.the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31671766)the Guangdong Innovation Research Team Fund(No.2014ZT05S078)the Shenzhen Commission of Science and Technology Innovation Project(JCYJ20190808143207457,JCYJ20180305124101630,and JCYJ20170818094958663)to W.Y.
文摘The anthocyanin content in apple skin determines its red coloration,as seen in a Fuji apple mutant.Comparative RNA-seq analysis was performed to determine differentially expressed genes at different fruit development stages between the wild-type and the skin color mutant.A novel R2R3-MYB transcription factor,MdMYB90-like,was uncovered as the key regulatory gene for enhanced coloration in the mutant.The expression of MdMYB90-like was 21.3 times higher in the mutant.MdMYB90-like regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis directly through the activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes and indirectly through the activation of other transcription factors that activate anthocyanin biosynthesis.MdMYB90-like bound to the promoters of both structural genes(MdCHS and MdUFGT)and other transcription factor genes(MdMYB1 and MdbHLH3)in the yeast one-hybrid system,electrophoretic mobility shift assay,and dual-luciferase assay.Transgenic analysis showed that MdMYB90-like was localized in the nucleus,and its overexpression induced the expression of other anthocyanin-related genes,including MdCHS,MdCHI,MdANS,MdUFGT,MdbHLH3,and MdMYB1.The mutant had reduced levels of DNA methylation in two regions(−1183 to−988 and−2018 to−1778)of the MdMYB90-like gene promoter,which might explain the enhanced expression of the gene and the increased anthocyanin content in the mutant apple skin.
