Invasive breast carcinoma(BRCA)is associated with poor prognosis and high risk of mortality.Therefore,it is critical to identify novel biomarkers for the prognostic assessment of BRCA.Methods:The expression data of po...Invasive breast carcinoma(BRCA)is associated with poor prognosis and high risk of mortality.Therefore,it is critical to identify novel biomarkers for the prognostic assessment of BRCA.Methods:The expression data of polo-like kinase 1(PLK1)in BRCA and the corresponding clinical information were extracted from TCGA and GEO databases.PLK1 expression was validated in diverse breast cancer cell lines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and western blotting.Single sample gene set enrichment analysis(ssGSEA)was performed to evaluate immune infiltration in the BRCA microenvironment,and the random forest(RF)and support vector machine(SVM)algorithms were used to screen for the hub infiltrating cells and calculate the immunophenoscore(IPS).The RF algorithm and COX regression model were applied to calculate survival risk scores based on the PLK1 expression and immune cell infiltration.Finally,a prognostic nomogram was constructed with the risk score and pathological stage,and its clinical potential was evaluated by plotting calibration charts and DCA curves.The application of the nomogram was further validated in an immunotherapy cohort.Results:PLK1 expression was significantly higher in the tumor samples in TCGA-BRCA cohort.Furthermore,PLK1 expression level,age and stage were identified as independent prognostic factors of BRCA.While the IPS was unaffected by PLK1 expression,the TMB and MATH scores were higher in the PLK1-high group,and the TIDE scores were higher for the PLK1-low patients.We also identified 6 immune cell types with high infiltration,along with 11 immune cell types with low infiltration in the PLK1-high tumors.A risk score was devised using PLK1 expression and hub immune cells,which predicted the prognosis of BRCA patients.In addition,a nomogram was constructed based on the risk score and pathological staging,and showed good predictive performance.Conclusions:PLK1 expression and immune cell infiltration can predict post-immunotherapy prognosis of BRCA patients.展开更多
Dear Editor,Vesicovaginal fistula(VVF)is an abnormal opening between the urinary bladder and the vagina.The condition has an immense psychological effect on patients due to the continuous leakage of urine or watery va...Dear Editor,Vesicovaginal fistula(VVF)is an abnormal opening between the urinary bladder and the vagina.The condition has an immense psychological effect on patients due to the continuous leakage of urine or watery vaginal discharge.The wet feeling and foul smell associated with leakage of urine cause social outcasting of the patients.This leads to immense emotional trauma and makes life miserable for the patient.The most common etiology for VVF in developing countries is obstructed labour[1],and in developed countries,it is abdominal hysterectomy[2].VVF poses a challenging problem to the surgeon.The location and the size of the fistula determine the extent of the patients’symptoms.展开更多
Background:Cardiovascular disease(CVD)has emerged as the leading cause of death from prostate cancer(PCa)in recent decades,bringing a great disease burden worldwide.Men with preexisting CVD have an increased risk for ...Background:Cardiovascular disease(CVD)has emerged as the leading cause of death from prostate cancer(PCa)in recent decades,bringing a great disease burden worldwide.Men with preexisting CVD have an increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular events when treated with androgen deprivation therapy(ADT).The present study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk evaluation of CVD among people with newly diagnosed PCa in China.Methods:Clinical data of newly diagnosed PCa patients were retrospectively collected from 34 centers in China from 2010 to 2022 through convenience sampling.CVD was defined as myocardial infarction,arrhythmia,heart failure,stroke,ischemic heart disease,and others.CVD risk was estimated by calculating Framingham risk scores(FRS).Patients were accordingly divided into low-,medium-,and high-risk groups.χ2 or Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical variables.Results:A total of 4253 patients were enrolled in the present study.A total of 27.0%(1147/4253)of patients had comorbid PCa and CVD,and 7.2%(307/4253)had two or more CVDs.The enrolled population was distributed in six regions of China,and approximately 71.0%(3019/4253)of patients lived in urban areas.With imaging and pathological evaluation,most PCa patients were diagnosed at an advanced stage,with 20.5%(871/4253)locally progressing and 20.5%(871/4253)showing metastasis.Most of them initiated prostatectomy(46.6%,1983/4253)or regimens involving ADT therapy(45.7%,1944/4253)for prostate cancer.In the present PCa cohort,43.1%(1832/4253)of patients had hypertension,and half of them had poorly controlled blood pressure.With FRS stratification,as expected,a higher risk of CVD was related to aging and metabolic disturbance.However,we also found that patients with treatment involving ADT presented an originally higher risk of CVD than those without ADT.This was in accordance with clinical practice,i.e.,aged patients or patients at advanced oncological stages were inclined to accept systematic integrative therapy instead of surgery.Among patients who underwent medical castration,only 4.0%(45/1118)received gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonists,in stark contrast to the grim situation of CVD prevalence and risk.Conclusions:PCa patients in China are diagnosed at an advanced stage.A heavy CVD burden was present at the initiation of treatment.Patients who accepted ADT-related therapy showed an original higher risk of CVD,but the awareness of cardiovascular protection was far from sufficient.展开更多
Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are an emerging type of porous crystalline polymers formed by combining strong covalent bonds with organic building blocks.Due to their large surface area,high intrinsic pore space,goo...Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are an emerging type of porous crystalline polymers formed by combining strong covalent bonds with organic building blocks.Due to their large surface area,high intrinsic pore space,good crystallization properties,high stability,and designability of the resultant units,COFs are widely studied and used in the fields of gas adsorption,drug transport,energy storage,photoelectric catalysis,electrochemistry,and sensors.In recent years,the rapid development of the Internet of Things and people’s yearning for a better life have put forward higher and more requirements for sensors,which are the core components of the Internet of Things.Therefore,this paper reviews the recent progress of COFs in synthesis methods and sensing applications,especially in the last five years.This paper first introduces structure,properties,and synthesis methods of COFs and discusses advantages and disadvantages of different synthesis methods.Then,the research progress of COFs in different sensing fields,such as metal ion sensors,gas sensors,biomedical sensors,humidity sensors,and pH sensors,is introduced systematically.Conclusions and prospects are also presented in order to provide a reference for researchers concerned with COFs and sensors.展开更多
Land application of manure tends to result in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment.In this study,the influence of long-term manure application on the enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes(...Land application of manure tends to result in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment.In this study,the influence of long-term manure application on the enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)and mobile genetic elements(MGEs)in agricultural soils was investigated.All the analyzed eight ARGs(tetA,tetW,tetX,sull,sulll,ermF,aac(6')-Ib-cr and blaTEM)and two MGEs(intJJ and Tn916/1545)were detected in both the manured and control soils,with relative abundances ranging from 10^-6 to 10^-2 Compared with the control soil,the relative abundances of ARGs and MGEs in manured soils were enriched 1.0-18.1 fold and 0.6-69.1 fold,respectively.High-throughput sequencing analysis suggested that at the phylum level,the bacteria carrying intll and ermF might be mainly affiliated with Proteobacteria and Bacteroides,respectively.The dominant genera carrying intll and ermF cow\d be Pseudomonas and Bacteroides,independent of manure application.Correlation analysis revealed that ARGs had strong links with soil physicochemical properties(TC,TN,and OM),heavy metals(Cu,Zn and Pb)and MGEs,indicating that the profile and spread of ARGs might be driven by the combined impacts of multiple factors.In contrast,soil pH and C/N exhibited no significant relationships with ARGs.Our findings provide evidence that long-term manure application could enhance the prevalence and stimulate the propagation of antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils.展开更多
Effective therapy options for pneumoconiosis are lacking.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)presents a favorable prospect in the treatment of pneumoconiosis.A pilot study on TCM syndrome differentiation can evaluate the...Effective therapy options for pneumoconiosis are lacking.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)presents a favorable prospect in the treatment of pneumoconiosis.A pilot study on TCM syndrome differentiation can evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of TCM and lay a foundation for further clinical research.A double-blind,randomized,and placebo-controlled trial was conducted for 24 weeks,in which 96 patients with pneumoconiosis were randomly divided into the control and treatment groups.Symptomatic treatment was conducted for the two groups.The treatment group was treated with TCM syndrome differentiation,and the control group was treated with placebo.The primary outcomes were the six-minute walking distance(6MWD)and the St.George Respiratory Questionnaire(SGRQ)score.The secondary outcomes were the modified British Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale(mMRC),Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test(CAT),Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),and pulmonary function.Only 83 patients from the 96 patients with pneumoconiosis finished the study.For the primary outcome,compared with the control groups,the treatment group showed a significantly increased 6MWD(407.90 m vs.499.51 m;95%confidence interval(CI)47.25 to 135.97;P<0.001)and improved SGRQ total score(44.48 vs.25.67;95%CI 27.87 to 9.74;P<0.001).The treatment group also significantly improved compared with the control group on mMRC score(1.4 vs.0.74;95%CI 1.08 to 0.23;P=0.003),CAT score(18.40 vs.14.65;95%CI 7.07 to 0.43;P=0.027),and the total symptom score(7.90 vs.5.14;95%CI 4.40 to 1.12;P<0.001).No serious adverse events occurred.This study showed that TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment had a favorable impact on the exercise endurance and quality of life of patients with pneumoconiosis.展开更多
Atomic sites co-catalyst (ASC) on photocatalytic materials possesses an attractive prospect to promote charge carrier separation and tune surface reaction kinetics,yet the synthesis of earth-abundant ASC under low tem...Atomic sites co-catalyst (ASC) on photocatalytic materials possesses an attractive prospect to promote charge carrier separation and tune surface reaction kinetics,yet the synthesis of earth-abundant ASC under low temperature remains a great challenge.Here,a novel in-situ NH_(4)^(+)-etched strategy to anchor atomic Mo sites on ZnIn_(2)S_(4)hierarchical nanotubes (HNTs) with abundant mesopores under mild conditions for promoting charge carrier separation and enhancing light multi-reflections is developed for efficient photocatalytic H_(2) evolution.Density functional theory calculations and linear sweep voltammetry demonstrate that the well-defined Mo-S_(2)O_(1) sites with distinctive coordination configuration and electronic property contribute to the enhanced separation of photo-generated charge carriers and reduced Gibbs free energy for H_(2) evolution.Consequently,the well-defined MoSA-ZIS HNTs present an excellent photocatalytic activity with a rate of 29.9μmol h^(-1)(5.98 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)),which is 7.3 times higher than that of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)nanosheets (NSs),to be among the best ZnIn_(2)S_(4)-based photocatalysts.The present strategy breaks the high-temperature limitation of conventional top-down thermal dissociation/emitting approach for anchoring non-noble metal atomic sites on catalyst support.展开更多
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Higher Education Institutions of Auhui Province(Grant No.KJ2021A0352)the Research Fund Project of Anhui Medical University(Grant No.2020xkj236)Applied Medicine Research Project of Hefei Health Commission(Grant No.HWKJ2019-172-14).
文摘Invasive breast carcinoma(BRCA)is associated with poor prognosis and high risk of mortality.Therefore,it is critical to identify novel biomarkers for the prognostic assessment of BRCA.Methods:The expression data of polo-like kinase 1(PLK1)in BRCA and the corresponding clinical information were extracted from TCGA and GEO databases.PLK1 expression was validated in diverse breast cancer cell lines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and western blotting.Single sample gene set enrichment analysis(ssGSEA)was performed to evaluate immune infiltration in the BRCA microenvironment,and the random forest(RF)and support vector machine(SVM)algorithms were used to screen for the hub infiltrating cells and calculate the immunophenoscore(IPS).The RF algorithm and COX regression model were applied to calculate survival risk scores based on the PLK1 expression and immune cell infiltration.Finally,a prognostic nomogram was constructed with the risk score and pathological stage,and its clinical potential was evaluated by plotting calibration charts and DCA curves.The application of the nomogram was further validated in an immunotherapy cohort.Results:PLK1 expression was significantly higher in the tumor samples in TCGA-BRCA cohort.Furthermore,PLK1 expression level,age and stage were identified as independent prognostic factors of BRCA.While the IPS was unaffected by PLK1 expression,the TMB and MATH scores were higher in the PLK1-high group,and the TIDE scores were higher for the PLK1-low patients.We also identified 6 immune cell types with high infiltration,along with 11 immune cell types with low infiltration in the PLK1-high tumors.A risk score was devised using PLK1 expression and hub immune cells,which predicted the prognosis of BRCA patients.In addition,a nomogram was constructed based on the risk score and pathological staging,and showed good predictive performance.Conclusions:PLK1 expression and immune cell infiltration can predict post-immunotherapy prognosis of BRCA patients.
文摘Dear Editor,Vesicovaginal fistula(VVF)is an abnormal opening between the urinary bladder and the vagina.The condition has an immense psychological effect on patients due to the continuous leakage of urine or watery vaginal discharge.The wet feeling and foul smell associated with leakage of urine cause social outcasting of the patients.This leads to immense emotional trauma and makes life miserable for the patient.The most common etiology for VVF in developing countries is obstructed labour[1],and in developed countries,it is abdominal hysterectomy[2].VVF poses a challenging problem to the surgeon.The location and the size of the fistula determine the extent of the patients’symptoms.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82071777)China Urological Cancer Research Foundation from Beijing Life Oasis Public Service Center(No.2023-Z-16)
文摘Background:Cardiovascular disease(CVD)has emerged as the leading cause of death from prostate cancer(PCa)in recent decades,bringing a great disease burden worldwide.Men with preexisting CVD have an increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular events when treated with androgen deprivation therapy(ADT).The present study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk evaluation of CVD among people with newly diagnosed PCa in China.Methods:Clinical data of newly diagnosed PCa patients were retrospectively collected from 34 centers in China from 2010 to 2022 through convenience sampling.CVD was defined as myocardial infarction,arrhythmia,heart failure,stroke,ischemic heart disease,and others.CVD risk was estimated by calculating Framingham risk scores(FRS).Patients were accordingly divided into low-,medium-,and high-risk groups.χ2 or Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical variables.Results:A total of 4253 patients were enrolled in the present study.A total of 27.0%(1147/4253)of patients had comorbid PCa and CVD,and 7.2%(307/4253)had two or more CVDs.The enrolled population was distributed in six regions of China,and approximately 71.0%(3019/4253)of patients lived in urban areas.With imaging and pathological evaluation,most PCa patients were diagnosed at an advanced stage,with 20.5%(871/4253)locally progressing and 20.5%(871/4253)showing metastasis.Most of them initiated prostatectomy(46.6%,1983/4253)or regimens involving ADT therapy(45.7%,1944/4253)for prostate cancer.In the present PCa cohort,43.1%(1832/4253)of patients had hypertension,and half of them had poorly controlled blood pressure.With FRS stratification,as expected,a higher risk of CVD was related to aging and metabolic disturbance.However,we also found that patients with treatment involving ADT presented an originally higher risk of CVD than those without ADT.This was in accordance with clinical practice,i.e.,aged patients or patients at advanced oncological stages were inclined to accept systematic integrative therapy instead of surgery.Among patients who underwent medical castration,only 4.0%(45/1118)received gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonists,in stark contrast to the grim situation of CVD prevalence and risk.Conclusions:PCa patients in China are diagnosed at an advanced stage.A heavy CVD burden was present at the initiation of treatment.Patients who accepted ADT-related therapy showed an original higher risk of CVD,but the awareness of cardiovascular protection was far from sufficient.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21964016)Xinjiang National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2022D01E37)+1 种基金Key programs of Xinjiang Natural Science Foundation(No.2022B02051)Tianshan Innovation Team Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(No.2020D14038).
文摘Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are an emerging type of porous crystalline polymers formed by combining strong covalent bonds with organic building blocks.Due to their large surface area,high intrinsic pore space,good crystallization properties,high stability,and designability of the resultant units,COFs are widely studied and used in the fields of gas adsorption,drug transport,energy storage,photoelectric catalysis,electrochemistry,and sensors.In recent years,the rapid development of the Internet of Things and people’s yearning for a better life have put forward higher and more requirements for sensors,which are the core components of the Internet of Things.Therefore,this paper reviews the recent progress of COFs in synthesis methods and sensing applications,especially in the last five years.This paper first introduces structure,properties,and synthesis methods of COFs and discusses advantages and disadvantages of different synthesis methods.Then,the research progress of COFs in different sensing fields,such as metal ion sensors,gas sensors,biomedical sensors,humidity sensors,and pH sensors,is introduced systematically.Conclusions and prospects are also presented in order to provide a reference for researchers concerned with COFs and sensors.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21607114)Science and Technology Correspondent Project of Tianjin(No.18JCTPJC55100)We also appreciated the help from Professors Xiaomei Wang and Xiaodong Xie during sample analysis.Thanks to Chunjie Li and Fahui Liang for sample collection.
文摘Land application of manure tends to result in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment.In this study,the influence of long-term manure application on the enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)and mobile genetic elements(MGEs)in agricultural soils was investigated.All the analyzed eight ARGs(tetA,tetW,tetX,sull,sulll,ermF,aac(6')-Ib-cr and blaTEM)and two MGEs(intJJ and Tn916/1545)were detected in both the manured and control soils,with relative abundances ranging from 10^-6 to 10^-2 Compared with the control soil,the relative abundances of ARGs and MGEs in manured soils were enriched 1.0-18.1 fold and 0.6-69.1 fold,respectively.High-throughput sequencing analysis suggested that at the phylum level,the bacteria carrying intll and ermF might be mainly affiliated with Proteobacteria and Bacteroides,respectively.The dominant genera carrying intll and ermF cow\d be Pseudomonas and Bacteroides,independent of manure application.Correlation analysis revealed that ARGs had strong links with soil physicochemical properties(TC,TN,and OM),heavy metals(Cu,Zn and Pb)and MGEs,indicating that the profile and spread of ARGs might be driven by the combined impacts of multiple factors.In contrast,soil pH and C/N exhibited no significant relationships with ARGs.Our findings provide evidence that long-term manure application could enhance the prevalence and stimulate the propagation of antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils.
基金This work was supported by the Henan Province Priority and Advantage Discipline Construction Engineering Projects Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.STS-ZYX-2017025)the Special Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Henan Province(Nos.20-21ZYZD01and2018ZY1003).
文摘Effective therapy options for pneumoconiosis are lacking.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)presents a favorable prospect in the treatment of pneumoconiosis.A pilot study on TCM syndrome differentiation can evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of TCM and lay a foundation for further clinical research.A double-blind,randomized,and placebo-controlled trial was conducted for 24 weeks,in which 96 patients with pneumoconiosis were randomly divided into the control and treatment groups.Symptomatic treatment was conducted for the two groups.The treatment group was treated with TCM syndrome differentiation,and the control group was treated with placebo.The primary outcomes were the six-minute walking distance(6MWD)and the St.George Respiratory Questionnaire(SGRQ)score.The secondary outcomes were the modified British Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale(mMRC),Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test(CAT),Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),and pulmonary function.Only 83 patients from the 96 patients with pneumoconiosis finished the study.For the primary outcome,compared with the control groups,the treatment group showed a significantly increased 6MWD(407.90 m vs.499.51 m;95%confidence interval(CI)47.25 to 135.97;P<0.001)and improved SGRQ total score(44.48 vs.25.67;95%CI 27.87 to 9.74;P<0.001).The treatment group also significantly improved compared with the control group on mMRC score(1.4 vs.0.74;95%CI 1.08 to 0.23;P=0.003),CAT score(18.40 vs.14.65;95%CI 7.07 to 0.43;P=0.027),and the total symptom score(7.90 vs.5.14;95%CI 4.40 to 1.12;P<0.001).No serious adverse events occurred.This study showed that TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment had a favorable impact on the exercise endurance and quality of life of patients with pneumoconiosis.
基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ18005)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(52025133)+3 种基金the Tencent Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZEthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(22002003)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019TQ0001,2020M670020)the Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in Northwestern Polytechnic University(NWPU)(SKLSP202004)。
文摘Atomic sites co-catalyst (ASC) on photocatalytic materials possesses an attractive prospect to promote charge carrier separation and tune surface reaction kinetics,yet the synthesis of earth-abundant ASC under low temperature remains a great challenge.Here,a novel in-situ NH_(4)^(+)-etched strategy to anchor atomic Mo sites on ZnIn_(2)S_(4)hierarchical nanotubes (HNTs) with abundant mesopores under mild conditions for promoting charge carrier separation and enhancing light multi-reflections is developed for efficient photocatalytic H_(2) evolution.Density functional theory calculations and linear sweep voltammetry demonstrate that the well-defined Mo-S_(2)O_(1) sites with distinctive coordination configuration and electronic property contribute to the enhanced separation of photo-generated charge carriers and reduced Gibbs free energy for H_(2) evolution.Consequently,the well-defined MoSA-ZIS HNTs present an excellent photocatalytic activity with a rate of 29.9μmol h^(-1)(5.98 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)),which is 7.3 times higher than that of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)nanosheets (NSs),to be among the best ZnIn_(2)S_(4)-based photocatalysts.The present strategy breaks the high-temperature limitation of conventional top-down thermal dissociation/emitting approach for anchoring non-noble metal atomic sites on catalyst support.