Strategical elements,such as rare earth elements,play a crucial role in the industry,especially in producing high-tech materials.Major global industries have developed a strong dependence on rare earth materials.Every...Strategical elements,such as rare earth elements,play a crucial role in the industry,especially in producing high-tech materials.Major global industries have developed a strong dependence on rare earth materials.Every year,there are innovations in industries such as modern technology,green energy,or communications technology,which need more strategic metals to improve investment profitability.This article reviews advances in rare earth separation methods and techniques to guide and recommend the best extractants,depending on leaching conditions and the final target product.Each method for separating and extracting agents is individually revised in terms of the mechanism and interaction of providing rare earth elements.This paper also evaluates past and current trends of these methods and technical extractants and identifies their strengths and weaknesses.展开更多
Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is one type of the most aggressive breast can cers with poor prog no sis.It is of great urgency to develop new therapeutics for treati ng TNBC.Based on curre nt treatment guideline a...Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is one type of the most aggressive breast can cers with poor prog no sis.It is of great urgency to develop new therapeutics for treati ng TNBC.Based on curre nt treatment guideline and genetic informatio n of TNBC,a combi nation al therapy platform in tegrati ng chemotherapy drugs and mRNA encoding tumor suppressor proteins may become an efficacious strategy.In this study,we developed paclitaxel amino lipid(PAL)derived nanoparticles(NPs)to incorporate both chemotherapy drugs and P53 mRNA.The PAL P53 mRNA NPs showed superior properties compared to Abraxane? and Lipusu? used in the clinic including high paclitaxel loading capacity(24 wt.%,calculated by paclitaxel in PAL),PAL encapsulation efficiency(94.7%±6.8%)and mRNA encapsulation efficiency(88.7%±0.7%).Meanwhile,these NPs displayed synergetic cytotoxicity of paclitaxel and P53 mRNA in cultured TNBC cells.More importantly,we demonstrated in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of PAL P53 mRNA NPs in an orthotopic TNBC mouse model.Overall,these chemotherapy drugs derived mRNA NPs provide a new platform to integrate chemotherapy and personalized medicine using tumor genetic information,and therefore represent a promising approach for TNBC treatment.展开更多
Nanoparticles have been widely explored for combined therapeutic and diagnostic applications. For example, lipid-based nanoparticles have been used to encapsulate multiple types of agents and achieve multi-functions. ...Nanoparticles have been widely explored for combined therapeutic and diagnostic applications. For example, lipid-based nanoparticles have been used to encapsulate multiple types of agents and achieve multi-functions. Herein, we enabled a co-delivery of mRNA molecules and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles （SPIONs） by using an amino-ester lipid-like nanomaterial. An orthogonal experimental design was used to identify the optimal formulation. The optimal formulation, MPA-Ab-8 LLNs, not only showed high encapsulation of both mRNA and SPIONs, but also increased the r2 relaxivity of SPIONs by more than 1.5-fold in vitro. MPA-Ab-8 LLNs effectively delivered mRNA and SPIONs into cells, and consequently induced high protein expression as well as strong MRI contrast. Consistent herewith, we observed both mRNA-mediated protein expression and an evident negative contrast enhancement of MRI signal in mice. In conclusion, amino-ester nanomaterials demonstrate great potential as delivery vehicles for theranostic applications.展开更多
基金Project supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(FRF-BR-20-03B)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFF0106006)。
文摘Strategical elements,such as rare earth elements,play a crucial role in the industry,especially in producing high-tech materials.Major global industries have developed a strong dependence on rare earth materials.Every year,there are innovations in industries such as modern technology,green energy,or communications technology,which need more strategic metals to improve investment profitability.This article reviews advances in rare earth separation methods and techniques to guide and recommend the best extractants,depending on leaching conditions and the final target product.Each method for separating and extracting agents is individually revised in terms of the mechanism and interaction of providing rare earth elements.This paper also evaluates past and current trends of these methods and technical extractants and identifies their strengths and weaknesses.
文摘Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is one type of the most aggressive breast can cers with poor prog no sis.It is of great urgency to develop new therapeutics for treati ng TNBC.Based on curre nt treatment guideline and genetic informatio n of TNBC,a combi nation al therapy platform in tegrati ng chemotherapy drugs and mRNA encoding tumor suppressor proteins may become an efficacious strategy.In this study,we developed paclitaxel amino lipid(PAL)derived nanoparticles(NPs)to incorporate both chemotherapy drugs and P53 mRNA.The PAL P53 mRNA NPs showed superior properties compared to Abraxane? and Lipusu? used in the clinic including high paclitaxel loading capacity(24 wt.%,calculated by paclitaxel in PAL),PAL encapsulation efficiency(94.7%±6.8%)and mRNA encapsulation efficiency(88.7%±0.7%).Meanwhile,these NPs displayed synergetic cytotoxicity of paclitaxel and P53 mRNA in cultured TNBC cells.More importantly,we demonstrated in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of PAL P53 mRNA NPs in an orthotopic TNBC mouse model.Overall,these chemotherapy drugs derived mRNA NPs provide a new platform to integrate chemotherapy and personalized medicine using tumor genetic information,and therefore represent a promising approach for TNBC treatment.
文摘Nanoparticles have been widely explored for combined therapeutic and diagnostic applications. For example, lipid-based nanoparticles have been used to encapsulate multiple types of agents and achieve multi-functions. Herein, we enabled a co-delivery of mRNA molecules and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles （SPIONs） by using an amino-ester lipid-like nanomaterial. An orthogonal experimental design was used to identify the optimal formulation. The optimal formulation, MPA-Ab-8 LLNs, not only showed high encapsulation of both mRNA and SPIONs, but also increased the r2 relaxivity of SPIONs by more than 1.5-fold in vitro. MPA-Ab-8 LLNs effectively delivered mRNA and SPIONs into cells, and consequently induced high protein expression as well as strong MRI contrast. Consistent herewith, we observed both mRNA-mediated protein expression and an evident negative contrast enhancement of MRI signal in mice. In conclusion, amino-ester nanomaterials demonstrate great potential as delivery vehicles for theranostic applications.
