Polyphenols extracted from Aronia melanocarpa by combined enzymatic and ultrasonication and their antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity

The extraction of polyphenols from Aronia melanocarpa was carried out using a combination of enzymatic and ultrasound.After single-factor and orthogonal design and experiment,the optimized polyphenol extraction conditions were 1%enzyme,1:40 material-to-liquid ratio,55℃,60 min ultrasonication,70%ethanol,and the final extraction amount was 88.634 mg/g,which displayed a 25.15%and 34.08%improvement compared with the single ultrasonication and enzymatic extraction methods,respectively.Significant antibacterial effects of polyphenols were shown against Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.Further antioxidation effects were evaluated,and the superoxide anion radical scavenging rate,hydroxyl radical scavenging rate and DPPH free radical scavenging rate reached 45.2%,83.5%and 85.4%,respectively.This combined enzymatic and ultrasonic extraction method exhibited the advantages of high extraction rate,saving solvent consumption and extraction time,but also provided a new method for the development and utilization of natural antimicrobial and antioxidant health products.

Determination of total flavonoids and its antioxidant activity in the exocarp of Aronia melanocarpa

As a kind of berry food rich in flavonoids,the determination method of total flavonoids content of Aronia melanocarpa is of great significance.This paper compares the applicability of NaNO_(2)-Al(NO_(3))_(3)-NaOH colorimetry and AlCl_(3)colorimetry to total flavonoids content of the exocarp of Aronia melanocarpa by Ultraviolet-visible Spectrophotometry.At the same time,we determined hydroxyl radical(OH·-)inhibition rate,superoxide anion radical(O_(2)·-)inhibition rate and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical free radical(DPPH·)scavenging rate of total flavonoids extracted from Aronia melanocarpa.It is found that AlCl_(3)colorimetry has good repeatability,precision,and accuracy.The method is suitable for the determination of total flavonoids in the exocarp of Aronia melanocarpa.Thus,by the established method the content of total flavonoids in the exocarp of Aronia melanocarpa was determined as high as(36.711±0.034)mg/g.The results of antioxidant activity showed superoxide anion radical scavenging ability,hydroxyl radical scavenging ability and DPPH radical scavenging ability of the total flavonoids extract reached 45.33%,87.87%and 98.05%,respectively,indicating that it had good antioxidant activity.

Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction of flavonoids from the fruit oiAronia melanocarpa

As a new resource food,Aronia melanocarpa is rich in flavonoids,which has a broad development prospect.In order to obtain a higher extraction rate of flavonoids,cellulase was used to extract total flavonoids from the fruits of Aronia melanocarpa by ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction(UAEE).The extraction process was optimized by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment.The optimum conditions were as follows:enzymatic hydrolysis time 2.0 h,enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 37℃,enzyme content 0.5%(by weight of fruit pulp),ethanol concentration 90%,solid-liquid ratio 1:20,enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 37℃,enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 37℃,enzyme content 0.5%(by weight of fruit pulp),ethanol concentration 90%.Ultrasonic extraction time 1,0h,temperature 45℃.Under the above conditions,the extraction yield of flavonoids reached 1.455 mg/g.Compared with ultrasonic-assisted extraction(UAE),the extraction yield was significantly improved.Therefore,ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis is an effective method for the extraction of total flavonoids hom Aronia melanocarpa.