近年来,随着监控摄像头的不断增多和互联网的迅速发展,监控视频与网络视频越来越多,对视频进行自动行为冲突检测对降低人为审核导致的隐私信息泄露风险及维护社会治安、净化网络环境等具有重要意义.为了充分提取视频中的行为冲突特征,...近年来,随着监控摄像头的不断增多和互联网的迅速发展,监控视频与网络视频越来越多,对视频进行自动行为冲突检测对降低人为审核导致的隐私信息泄露风险及维护社会治安、净化网络环境等具有重要意义.为了充分提取视频中的行为冲突特征,并获得有较好泛化能力与检测效果的模型,采用I3D(inflated 3D convolutional network)与VGGish,基于XD-Violence进行多模态特征的提取,并提出了基于Transformer和图卷积网络的行为冲突检测模型TG-BCDM(behavior conflict detection model based on Transformer and graph convolution networks).该模型包含Transformer编码器模块和图卷积模块,可以在有效捕捉视频中长距离依赖关系的同时,关注视频特征的全局信息和局部信息.经过实验证明,该模型优于现有的8种方法.展开更多
Background There is limited evidence suggesting that osteoporosis might exacerbate depressive symptoms,while more studies demonstrate that depression negatively affects bone density and increases fracture risk.Aims To...Background There is limited evidence suggesting that osteoporosis might exacerbate depressive symptoms,while more studies demonstrate that depression negatively affects bone density and increases fracture risk.Aims To explore the relationship between major depressive disorder(MDD)and fracture risk.Methods We conducted a nested case-control analysis(32670 patients with fracture and 397017 individuals without fracture)and a matched cohort analysis(16496 patients with MDD and 435492 individuals without MDD)in the same prospective UK Biobank data set.Further,we investigated the shared genetic architecture between MDD and fracture with linkage disequilibrium score regression and the MiXeR statistical tools.We used the conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate approach to identify the specific shared loci.We calculated the weighted genetic risk score for individuals in the UK Biobank and logistic regression was used to confirm the association observed in the prospective study.Results We found that MDD was associated with a 14%increase in fracture risk(hazard ratio(HR)1.14,95%CI 1.14 to 1.15,p<0.001)in the nested case-control analysis,while fracture was associated with a 72%increase in MDD risk(HR 1.72,95%CI 1.64 to 1.79,p<0.001)in the matched cohort analysis,suggesting a longitudinal and bidirectional relationship.Further,genetic summary data suggested a genetic overlap between MDD and fracture.Specifically,we identified four shared genomic loci,with the top signal(rs7554101)near SGIP1.The protein encoded by SGIP1 is involved in cannabinoid receptor type 1 signalling.We found that genetically predicted MDD was associated with a higher risk of fracture and vice versa.In addition,we found that the higher expression level of SGIP1 in the spinal cord and muscle was associated with an increased risk of fracture and MDD.Conclusions The genetic pleiotropy between MDD and fracture highlights the bidirectional association observed in the epidemiological analysis.The shared genetic components(such as SGIP1)between the diseases suggest that modulating the endocannabinoid system could be a potential therapeutic strategy for both MDD and bone loss.展开更多
目的系统评价免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)治疗肾细胞癌致免疫相关不良反应(irAEs)与预后的相关性。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统数据库自建库至2023...目的系统评价免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)治疗肾细胞癌致免疫相关不良反应(irAEs)与预后的相关性。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统数据库自建库至2023年10月28日发表的关于ICIs治疗肾细胞癌致irAEs与预后相关性的临床研究。采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表对纳入文献质量进行评价,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入15篇回顾性研究,涉及1781例患者。Meta分析结果显示,在接受ICIs治疗的肾细胞癌患者中,irAEs的发生与更好的客观反应率(ORR)(P<0.01)、疾病控制率(DCR)(P<0.01)、无进展生存期(PFS)(P<0.01)和总生存期(OS)(P<0.01)显著相关。轻度(1~2级)irAEs及数量≥2种irAEs的发生与PFS和OS的改善显著相关(P<0.01)。然而,器官特异性irAEs及重度(3~4级)irAEs发生与OS和PFS的改善无统计学相关性(P>0.05)。根据地理区域、ICI类型进行的亚组分析结果显示,美国、意大利地区和仅接受抗PD-1/PD-L1治疗的患者,都显示irAEs发生与更好的PFS和OS相关(P<0.01);联合使用抗PD-1和抗CTLA-4治疗的患者,显示irAEs发生与更好的OS相关(P<0.01)。敏感性分析结果显示,所得结果较稳健。发表偏倚分析结果显示,本研究可能存在一定的发表偏倚。结论ICI治疗肾细胞癌致irAEs发生与其更好的ORR、DCR、PFS和OS有关,轻度(1~2级)irAEs及数量≥2种irAEs的发生与PFS和OS的改善相关。irAEs可能是ICIs治疗肾细胞癌疗效的预测因子。展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)ferromagnetic crystals with fascinating optical and electrical properties are crucial for nanotechnology and have a wide variety of applications in spintronics.However,low Curie temperatures of most...Two-dimensional(2D)ferromagnetic crystals with fascinating optical and electrical properties are crucial for nanotechnology and have a wide variety of applications in spintronics.However,low Curie temperatures of most 2D ferromagnetic crystals seriously hinder their practical applications,thus searching for intrinsic roomtemperature 2D ferromagnetic crystals is of great importance for development of information technology.Fortunately,progresses have been achieved in the last few years.Here we review recent advances in the field of intrinsic room-temperature 2D ferromagnetic crystals and introduce their applications in spintronic devices based on van der Waals heterostructures.Finally,the remaining challenge and future perspective on the development direction of intrinsic room-temperature 2D ferromagnetic crystals for 2D spintronics and van der Waals spintronics are briefly summarized.展开更多
The discovery and manipulation of topological Hall effect(THE),an abnormal magnetoelectric response mostly related to the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction(DMI),are promising for next-generation spintronic devices ba...The discovery and manipulation of topological Hall effect(THE),an abnormal magnetoelectric response mostly related to the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction(DMI),are promising for next-generation spintronic devices based on topological spin textures such as magnetic skyrmions.However,most skyrmions and THE are stabilized in a narrow temperature window either below or over room temperature with high critical current manipulation.It is still elusive and challenging to achieve large THE with both wide temperature window till room temperature and low critical current manipulation.Here,using controllable,naturally oxidized sub-20 and sub-10 nm 2D van der Waals room-temperature ferromagnetic Fe_(3)GaTe_(2-x)crystals,we report robust 2D skyrmion THE with ultrawide temperature window ranging in three orders of magnitude from 2 to 300 K,in combination with giant THE of~5.4μΩ·cm at 10 K and~0.15μΩ·cm at 300 K,which is 1–3 orders of magnitude larger than that of all known room-temperature 2D skyrmion systems.Moreover,room-temperature current-controlled THE is also realized with a low critical current density of~6.2×10^(5)A·cm^(-2).First-principles calculations unveil natural oxidation-induced highly enhanced 2D interfacial DMI reasonable for robust giant THE.This work paves the way to room-temperature electrically controlled 2D THE-based practical spintronic devices.展开更多
文摘源代码漏洞检测常使用代码指标、机器学习和深度学习等技术.但是这些技术存在无法保留源代码中的句法和语义信息、需要大量专家知识对漏洞特征进行定义等问题.为应对现有技术存在的问题,提出基于BERT(bidirectional encoder representations from transformers)模型的源代码漏洞检测模型.该模型将需要检测的源代码分割为多个小样本,将每个小样本转换成近似自然语言的形式,通过BERT模型实现源代码中漏洞特征的自动提取,然后训练具有良好性能的漏洞分类器,实现Python语言多种类型漏洞的检测.该模型在不同类型的漏洞中实现了平均99.2%的准确率、97.2%的精确率、96.2%的召回率和96.7%的F1分数的检测水平,对比现有的漏洞检测方法有2%~14%的性能提升.实验结果表明,该模型是一种通用的、轻量级的、可扩展的漏洞检测方法.
文摘近年来,随着监控摄像头的不断增多和互联网的迅速发展,监控视频与网络视频越来越多,对视频进行自动行为冲突检测对降低人为审核导致的隐私信息泄露风险及维护社会治安、净化网络环境等具有重要意义.为了充分提取视频中的行为冲突特征,并获得有较好泛化能力与检测效果的模型,采用I3D(inflated 3D convolutional network)与VGGish,基于XD-Violence进行多模态特征的提取,并提出了基于Transformer和图卷积网络的行为冲突检测模型TG-BCDM(behavior conflict detection model based on Transformer and graph convolution networks).该模型包含Transformer编码器模块和图卷积模块,可以在有效捕捉视频中长距离依赖关系的同时,关注视频特征的全局信息和局部信息.经过实验证明,该模型优于现有的8种方法.
基金supported by the‘Pioneer’and‘Leading Goose’R&D Program of Zhejiang(#2023C03164 and#2024SSYS0032)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(#82370887)+1 种基金the Chinese National Key Technology R&D Program,Ministry of Science and Technology(#2021YFC2501702)the funds from the Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine(#202208014).
文摘Background There is limited evidence suggesting that osteoporosis might exacerbate depressive symptoms,while more studies demonstrate that depression negatively affects bone density and increases fracture risk.Aims To explore the relationship between major depressive disorder(MDD)and fracture risk.Methods We conducted a nested case-control analysis(32670 patients with fracture and 397017 individuals without fracture)and a matched cohort analysis(16496 patients with MDD and 435492 individuals without MDD)in the same prospective UK Biobank data set.Further,we investigated the shared genetic architecture between MDD and fracture with linkage disequilibrium score regression and the MiXeR statistical tools.We used the conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate approach to identify the specific shared loci.We calculated the weighted genetic risk score for individuals in the UK Biobank and logistic regression was used to confirm the association observed in the prospective study.Results We found that MDD was associated with a 14%increase in fracture risk(hazard ratio(HR)1.14,95%CI 1.14 to 1.15,p<0.001)in the nested case-control analysis,while fracture was associated with a 72%increase in MDD risk(HR 1.72,95%CI 1.64 to 1.79,p<0.001)in the matched cohort analysis,suggesting a longitudinal and bidirectional relationship.Further,genetic summary data suggested a genetic overlap between MDD and fracture.Specifically,we identified four shared genomic loci,with the top signal(rs7554101)near SGIP1.The protein encoded by SGIP1 is involved in cannabinoid receptor type 1 signalling.We found that genetically predicted MDD was associated with a higher risk of fracture and vice versa.In addition,we found that the higher expression level of SGIP1 in the spinal cord and muscle was associated with an increased risk of fracture and MDD.Conclusions The genetic pleiotropy between MDD and fracture highlights the bidirectional association observed in the epidemiological analysis.The shared genetic components(such as SGIP1)between the diseases suggest that modulating the endocannabinoid system could be a potential therapeutic strategy for both MDD and bone loss.
文摘目的系统评价免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)治疗肾细胞癌致免疫相关不良反应(irAEs)与预后的相关性。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统数据库自建库至2023年10月28日发表的关于ICIs治疗肾细胞癌致irAEs与预后相关性的临床研究。采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表对纳入文献质量进行评价,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入15篇回顾性研究,涉及1781例患者。Meta分析结果显示,在接受ICIs治疗的肾细胞癌患者中,irAEs的发生与更好的客观反应率(ORR)(P<0.01)、疾病控制率(DCR)(P<0.01)、无进展生存期(PFS)(P<0.01)和总生存期(OS)(P<0.01)显著相关。轻度(1~2级)irAEs及数量≥2种irAEs的发生与PFS和OS的改善显著相关(P<0.01)。然而,器官特异性irAEs及重度(3~4级)irAEs发生与OS和PFS的改善无统计学相关性(P>0.05)。根据地理区域、ICI类型进行的亚组分析结果显示,美国、意大利地区和仅接受抗PD-1/PD-L1治疗的患者,都显示irAEs发生与更好的PFS和OS相关(P<0.01);联合使用抗PD-1和抗CTLA-4治疗的患者,显示irAEs发生与更好的OS相关(P<0.01)。敏感性分析结果显示,所得结果较稳健。发表偏倚分析结果显示,本研究可能存在一定的发表偏倚。结论ICI治疗肾细胞癌致irAEs发生与其更好的ORR、DCR、PFS和OS有关,轻度(1~2级)irAEs及数量≥2种irAEs的发生与PFS和OS的改善相关。irAEs可能是ICIs治疗肾细胞癌疗效的预测因子。
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0134600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52272152,61674063,and 62074061)+1 种基金the Foundation of Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(Grant Nos.JCYJ20210324142010030 and JCYJ20180504170444967)the Fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022M711234)。
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)ferromagnetic crystals with fascinating optical and electrical properties are crucial for nanotechnology and have a wide variety of applications in spintronics.However,low Curie temperatures of most 2D ferromagnetic crystals seriously hinder their practical applications,thus searching for intrinsic roomtemperature 2D ferromagnetic crystals is of great importance for development of information technology.Fortunately,progresses have been achieved in the last few years.Here we review recent advances in the field of intrinsic room-temperature 2D ferromagnetic crystals and introduce their applications in spintronic devices based on van der Waals heterostructures.Finally,the remaining challenge and future perspective on the development direction of intrinsic room-temperature 2D ferromagnetic crystals for 2D spintronics and van der Waals spintronics are briefly summarized.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0134600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52272152,61674063,and 62074061)+2 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(Grant No.JCYJ20210324142010030)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.2022CFA031)Interdisciplinary Research Program of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Grant No.5003110122)。
文摘The discovery and manipulation of topological Hall effect(THE),an abnormal magnetoelectric response mostly related to the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction(DMI),are promising for next-generation spintronic devices based on topological spin textures such as magnetic skyrmions.However,most skyrmions and THE are stabilized in a narrow temperature window either below or over room temperature with high critical current manipulation.It is still elusive and challenging to achieve large THE with both wide temperature window till room temperature and low critical current manipulation.Here,using controllable,naturally oxidized sub-20 and sub-10 nm 2D van der Waals room-temperature ferromagnetic Fe_(3)GaTe_(2-x)crystals,we report robust 2D skyrmion THE with ultrawide temperature window ranging in three orders of magnitude from 2 to 300 K,in combination with giant THE of~5.4μΩ·cm at 10 K and~0.15μΩ·cm at 300 K,which is 1–3 orders of magnitude larger than that of all known room-temperature 2D skyrmion systems.Moreover,room-temperature current-controlled THE is also realized with a low critical current density of~6.2×10^(5)A·cm^(-2).First-principles calculations unveil natural oxidation-induced highly enhanced 2D interfacial DMI reasonable for robust giant THE.This work paves the way to room-temperature electrically controlled 2D THE-based practical spintronic devices.
