伊犁部分地区马泰勒虫抗体的检测

为了解伊犁部分地区马场感染马泰勒虫(Theileria equi)的情况,试验将重组原核表达质粒pGEX4T-1/EMA1转化至大肠杆菌菌株BL21表达系统中,诱导表达56 ku的重组蛋白(EMA1);经KCl方法切胶纯化后作为间接ELISA包被抗原,对伊犁州六个不同地区随机采集的样品(n=352)进行马泰勒虫抗体的检测。结果表明:以GST-EMA1蛋白作为包被抗原建立的间接ELISA法可明显区分马泰勒虫阳性血清和健康马血清。在所检测的血清样品中,马泰勒虫血清抗体阳性率为7.4%(26/352),其中乌尊布拉克乡的马泰勒虫血清抗体阳性率为7.3%(4/55)、昭苏镇的马泰勒虫血清抗体阳性率为13.2%(10/76)、萨尔阔布乡的马泰勒虫血清抗体阳性率为8.2%(6/73)、察汗乌苏乡的马泰勒虫血清抗体阳性率为6.5%(4/62)、喀拉苏乡的马泰勒虫血清抗体阳性率为2.0%(1/49)、喀夏加尔乡的马泰勒虫血清抗体阳性率为2.7%(1/37);伊犁州等六个地区马场马泰勒虫血清抗体阳性率随年龄而改变,其中7岁马匹的马泰勒虫的血清抗体阳性率最高。说明马泰勒虫在伊犁地区马匹中普遍存在,应该加强对该病的检测、监控。

镁、铈复合改性的多级孔ZSM-5分子筛在苯和甲醇烷基化中的应用

以硝酸镁、硝酸铈为前躯物,考察镁单独改性和镁、铈复合改性对多级孔ZSM-5分子筛催化苯和甲醇烷基化反应性能的影响,并以镁、铈复合改性的多级孔ZSM-5分子筛为催化剂,考察工艺条件对苯和甲醇烷基化反应的影响。结果表明,在反应温度为773 K、质量空速为8 h-1、反应压力为0.18 MPa、n(甲醇)/n(苯)=0.9的条件下,多级孔ZSM-5分子筛通过镁、铈复合改性后,苯的转化率达到51%以上,甲苯、二甲苯的选择性达到90%以上。寿命试验表明该催化剂连续运行400 h,稳定性良好,具有优良的工业应用价值。

Study on Catalytic Alkylation of Benzene with Methanol over ZSM-22 and ZSM-35

The ZSM-22 and ZSM-35 zeolites were synthesized via the hydrothermal crystallization method. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, N_2 adsorption-desorption, NH_3-TPD, TPO, TG, and Raman spectrometry, and the results showed that ZSM-22 and ZSM-35 possessed similar microporous volume and acidity. In the alkylation of benzene with methanol, ZSM-22 and ZSM-35 showed different coke location, coking rate and graphitizing degree. Compared with the industrial ZSM-5, ZSM-22 and ZSM-35 both showed higher selectivity of toluene and xylene(93.63% and 96.50%,respectively) during the alkylation of benzene with methanol, and the selectivity of para-xylene in xylene isomers was51.96% and 41.45%, respectively. Meanwhile, the selectivity of ethylbenzene and C_9^+ aromatics was also lower than that of industrial ZSM-5.

Effect of Acidity on Methylation of Benzene with Methanol Catalyzed by HZSM-5:A DFT Study

Different acidic HZSM-5 zeolites were constructed by doping with Al,Ga,or In.The effect of acidity on the adsorption of methylbenzenes and the reaction energy barriers for the methylation of benzene with methanol catalyzed by HZSM-5 zeolite were investigated by using the density functional theory.The results show that acidity exhibits less effect in the adsorption of methylbenzenes,while linear relationships are observed between the acidity and reaction energy barriers.As the acidity increases,the reaction energy barrier decreases linearly,and the stepwise pathway becomes dominant in strong acidity environment,while weak acidity is conducive to the concerted pathway.The calculation results could contribute to understanding the relationship between the acidity and the zeolite-catalyzed alkylation reaction of methylbenzenes.

化工热力学教学感受与改革探索

介绍了化工热力学课程特点,结合教学经验,指出了化工热力学课堂教学面临的困难。为了提高教学效果,合理选择了化工热力学教材,教学中注意教学案例和计算软件的引入,并采取了更加注重过程性考核的学习评价体系。通过以上措施,学生的学习热情和对化工热力学知识的掌握情况明显提升。