Despite rapid advances in modern medical technology and significant improvements in survival rates of many cancers,pancreatic cancer is still a highly lethal gastrointestinal cancer with a low 5-year survival rate and...Despite rapid advances in modern medical technology and significant improvements in survival rates of many cancers,pancreatic cancer is still a highly lethal gastrointestinal cancer with a low 5-year survival rate and difficulty in early detection.At present,the incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer are increasing year by year worldwide,no matter in the United States,Europe,Japan,or China.Globally,the incidence of pancreatic cancer is projected to increase to 18.6 per 100000 in 2050,with the average annual growth of 1.1%,meaning that pancreatic cancer will pose a significant public health burden.Due to the special anatomical location of the pancreas,the development of pancreatic cancer is usually diagnosed at a late stage with obvious clinical symptoms.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of the risk factors for pancreatic cancer is of great clinical significance for effective prevention of pancreatic cancer.In this paper,the epidemiological characteristics,developmental trends,and risk factors of pancreatic cancer are reviewed and analyzed in detail.展开更多
BACKGROUND Adenoma polyposis coli(APC)mutation is associated with tumorigenesis via the Wnt signaling pathway.AIM To investigate the clinical features and mechanism of APC expression in gastric cancer(GC).METHODS Base...BACKGROUND Adenoma polyposis coli(APC)mutation is associated with tumorigenesis via the Wnt signaling pathway.AIM To investigate the clinical features and mechanism of APC expression in gastric cancer(GC).METHODS Based on APC expression profile,the related genome-wide mRNA expression,microRNA(miRNA)expression,and methylation profile in GC,the relationship between APC and GC,as well as the prognostic significance of APC were systematically analyzed by multi-dimensional methods.RESULTS We found that high expression of APC(APC^high)was significantly associated with adverse outcomes of T4 GC patients.Genome-wide gene expression analysis revealed that varying APC expression levels in GC were associated with some important oncogenes,and corresponding cellular functional pathways.Genomewide miRNA expression analysis indicated that most of miRNAs associated with high APC expression were downregulated.The mRNA-miRNA regulatory network analysis revealed that down-regulated miRNAs affected their inhibitory effect on tumor genes.Genome-wide methylation profiles associated with APC expression showed that there was differential methylation between the APC^high and APC^low groups.The number of hypermethylation sites was larger than that of hypomethylation sites,and most of hypermethylation sites were enriched in CpG islands.CONCLUSION Our research demonstrated that high APC expression is an unfavorable prognostic factor for T4 GC patients and may be used as a novel biomarker for pathogenesis research,diagnosis,and treatment of GC.展开更多
基金Supported by Fujian Province Medical Health Young and Middle-aged Talents Training Project,No.2020GGA079National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81572442Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,No.2018J01195.
文摘Despite rapid advances in modern medical technology and significant improvements in survival rates of many cancers,pancreatic cancer is still a highly lethal gastrointestinal cancer with a low 5-year survival rate and difficulty in early detection.At present,the incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer are increasing year by year worldwide,no matter in the United States,Europe,Japan,or China.Globally,the incidence of pancreatic cancer is projected to increase to 18.6 per 100000 in 2050,with the average annual growth of 1.1%,meaning that pancreatic cancer will pose a significant public health burden.Due to the special anatomical location of the pancreas,the development of pancreatic cancer is usually diagnosed at a late stage with obvious clinical symptoms.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of the risk factors for pancreatic cancer is of great clinical significance for effective prevention of pancreatic cancer.In this paper,the epidemiological characteristics,developmental trends,and risk factors of pancreatic cancer are reviewed and analyzed in detail.
基金the Major National S&T Projects for Infectious Diseases,No.2018ZX10301401-005the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2018YFC2000500+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Plan of Zhejiang Province,No.2019C04005the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81571953
文摘BACKGROUND Adenoma polyposis coli(APC)mutation is associated with tumorigenesis via the Wnt signaling pathway.AIM To investigate the clinical features and mechanism of APC expression in gastric cancer(GC).METHODS Based on APC expression profile,the related genome-wide mRNA expression,microRNA(miRNA)expression,and methylation profile in GC,the relationship between APC and GC,as well as the prognostic significance of APC were systematically analyzed by multi-dimensional methods.RESULTS We found that high expression of APC(APC^high)was significantly associated with adverse outcomes of T4 GC patients.Genome-wide gene expression analysis revealed that varying APC expression levels in GC were associated with some important oncogenes,and corresponding cellular functional pathways.Genomewide miRNA expression analysis indicated that most of miRNAs associated with high APC expression were downregulated.The mRNA-miRNA regulatory network analysis revealed that down-regulated miRNAs affected their inhibitory effect on tumor genes.Genome-wide methylation profiles associated with APC expression showed that there was differential methylation between the APC^high and APC^low groups.The number of hypermethylation sites was larger than that of hypomethylation sites,and most of hypermethylation sites were enriched in CpG islands.CONCLUSION Our research demonstrated that high APC expression is an unfavorable prognostic factor for T4 GC patients and may be used as a novel biomarker for pathogenesis research,diagnosis,and treatment of GC.