Highly flexible and excellent performance continuous carbon nanotube fibrous thermoelectric modules for diversified applications

A highly flexible and continuous fibrous thermoelectric(TE)module with high-performance has been fabricated based on an ultra-long single-walled carbon nanotube fiber,which effectively avoids the drawbacks of traditional inorganic TE based modules.The maximum output power density of a 1-cm long fibrous TE module with 8 p–n pairs can reach to 3436μW·cm^(-2),the power per unit weight to 2034μW·g^(-1),at a steady-state temperature difference of 50 K.The continuous fibrous TE module is used to detect temperature change of a single point,which exhibits a good responsiveness and excellent stability.Because of its adjustability in length,the flexible fibrous TE module can satisfy the transformation of the temperature difference between two distant heat sources into electrical energy.Based on the signal of the as-fabricated TE module,a multi-region recognizer has been designed and demonstrated.The highly flexible and continuous fibrous TE module with excellent performance shows a great potential in diversified applications of TE generation,temperature detection,and position identification.

Phylogenomic conflict analyses in the apple genus Malus s.l.reveal widespread hybridization and allopolyploidy driving diversification,with insights into the complex biogeographic history in the Northern Hemisphere

Phylogenomic evidence from an increasing number of studies has demonstrated that different data sets and analytical approaches often reconstruct strongly supported but conflicting relationships.In this study,785 single-copy nuclear genes and 75 complete plastomes were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships and estimate the historical biogeography of the apple genus Malus sensu lato,an economically important lineage disjunctly distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and involved in known and suspected hybridization and allopolyploidy events.The nuclear phylogeny recovered the monophyly of Malus s.l.(including Docynia);however,the genus was supported to be biphyletic in the plastid phylogeny.An ancient chloroplast capture event in the Eocene in western North America best explains the cytonuclear discordance.Our conflict analysis demonstrated that ILS,hybridization,and allopolyploidy could explain the widespread nuclear gene tree discordance.One deep hybridization event(Malus doumeri)and one recent event(Malus coronaria)were detected in Malus s.l.Furthermore,our historical biogeographic analysis integrating living and fossil data supported a widespread East Asianwestern North American origin of Malus s.l.in the Eocene,followed by several extinction and dispersal events in the Northern Hemisphere.We also propose a general workflow for assessing phylogenomic discordance and biogeographic analysis using deep genome skimming data sets.

十字缝合较直线缝合可显著减少回肠造口还纳术的手术部位感染

背景:手术部位感染(SSI)是回肠造口还纳术后最常见的并发症之一。尽管一些皮肤闭合技术被提出以减少SSI发生率,但何种技术最优仍不明确。本研究比较了两种回肠造口还纳术后两种切口缝合技术(十字缝合与直线缝合)对SSI的影响。方法:2015年1月至2017年12月间在中山大学附属第六医院进行回肠襻式造口的223例患者被纳入研究。根据造口还纳时的切口缝合方式,患者被分为直线缝合组(130例)和十字缝合组(103例)。比较两组患者临床病理特征,并分析SSI的危险因素。结果:两组患者均顺利完成手术。术后SSI发生率十字缝合组显著低于直线缝合组(2%vs 12%,P=0.007)。十字缝合组术后住院时间较直线缝合组显著缩短(8.1˘3.2 vs 10.8˘5.4天,P<0.001)。多因素分析证实,十字缝合是术后SSI的独立保护因素(OR=0.212,P=0.048)。结论:与直线缝合技术相比,十字缝合可显著降低SSI发生率并缩短术后住院时间。我们推荐将十字缝合用于回肠造口还纳手术的切口关闭。