Sedimentary characteristics and internal architecture of a river-dominated delta controlled by autogenic process:implications from a flume tank experiment

Autogenic processes are widely found in various sedimentary systems and they play an important role in the depositional evolution and corresponding sedimentary architecture.However,autogenic processes are often affected by changing allogenic factors and are difficult to be identified and analyzed from modern and ancient records.Through the flume tank experiment under constant boundary conditions,the depositional process,evolution principles,and the sedimentary architecture of a river-dominated delta was presented,and a corresponding sedimentary architecture model was constructed.The evolution of river-dominated delta controlled only by autogenic process is obviously periodic,and each autogenic cycle can be divided into an initial progradational stage,a middle retrogratational stage,and a late aggradational–progradational stage.In the initial progradational stage,one feeder channel incised into the delta plain,mouth bar(s)was formed in front of the channel mouth,and small-scale crevasse splays were formed on the delta plain.In the middle retrogradational stage,the feeder channel was blocked by the mouth bar(s)which grew out of water at the end of the initial stage,and a set of large-scale distributary splay complexes were formed on the delta plain.These distributary splay complexes were retrogradationally overlapped due to the continuous migration of the bifurcation point of the feeder channel.In the late aggradational–progradational stage,the feeder channel branched into several radial distributary channels,overlapped distributary channels were formed on the delta plain,and terminal lobe complexes were formed at the end of distributary channels.The three sedimentary layers formed in the three stages constituted an autogenic succession.The experimental delta consisted of six autogenic depositional successions.Dynamic allocation of accommodation space and the following adaptive sediments filling were the two main driving factors of the autogenic evolution of deltas.

Clinical study on the treatment of bronchiectasis in remission period by embedding thread combined with Jianpi Qushi Huayu plaster

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of embedding thread combined with Jianpi Qushi Huayu ointment in the treatment of bronchiectasis in remission period,and to observe the effect on the level of inflammatory cytokines.Methods:150 patients with bronchiectasis in remission period were divided into three groups(50 cases in each group),western medicine group(treated with salmeterol fluticasone and low dose erythromycin),combined group(treated with Jianpi Qushi Huayu plaster),observation group(treated with western medicine+Jianpi Qushi Huayu plaster+embedding thread),and the clinical treatment of the three groups were compared.Result:before and after treatment,the improvement of TCM syndrome score,the improvement of pulmonary ventilation index,the improvement of inflammatory cytokines,and the change of adverse reactions.Results:the treatment efficiency of the observation group and the combination group was significantly higher than that of the western medicine group P The peak level of expiratory flow velocity,the maximum expiratory flow,the forced expiratory volume in one second and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to vital capacity in the observation group and the combined group were significantly better than those in the western medicine group and the pre-treatment level(P<0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was better than that in the combined group After treatment,the expression of IL-13,IL-10 and IL-4 in the combined group was significantly better than that in the western medicine group and before treatment(P<0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was better than that in the combined group;there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions among the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:catgut embedding combined with Jianpi Qushi Huayu ointment can significantly alleviate the related clinical symptoms and signs,effectively control the further aggravation of the disease,improve the lung function of patients,regulate the level of inflammatory cytokines to reduce the degree of inflammatory reaction,and do not significantly aggravate the adverse reactions of drugs.

Penny-shaped interfacial crack between dissimilar magnetoelectroelastic layers

A penny-shaped interfacial crack between dissimilar magnetoelectroelastic layers subjected to magnetoelectromechanical loads is investigated,where the magnetoelectrically impermeable crack surface condition is adopted. By using Hankel transform technique,the mixed boundary value problem is firstly reduced to a system of singular integral equations,which are further reduced to a system of algebraic equations. The field intensity factors and energy release rate are finally derived. Numerical results elucidate the eects of crack configuration,electric and/or magnetic loads,and material parameters of the magnetoelectroelastic layers on crack propagation and growth. This work should be useful for the design of magnetoelectroelastic composite structures.

Application of remote sensing in the description of fluvial system in dryland:A case study of Golmud distributive fluvial system,Qaidam Basin,NW China

Distributive fluvial systems(DFS)are widespread in drylands in the northwestern China.Analyzing differences in fluvial morphology in drylands is beneficial for studying ancient rock records and the extraterrestrial surface environment.The remote sensing image,characterized by real-time and possibility of repeated observations,is a vital tool for recording and comparing fluvial systems in drylands.Satellite remote sensing technology is a method of investigating fluvial morphologies.Due to the limited accuracy of satellite imagery,there are few reports on the detailed description of the fluvial system in drylands of NW China.We analyze the pattern of fluvial morphology changes in the Golmud distributive fluvial system(DFS)in the Qaidam Basin,northwestern China,using satellite remote sensing and unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV).Firstly,we use Google Earth real-time image data,historical image data,and radar digital elevation data to extract geomorphological information;then the UAV remote sensing image data were used to interpret fluvial network information;finally,we use the gray-scale differential vector method to describe the fluvial morphologies.Three zones have been identified in the Golmud DFS:the proximal,the medial,and the distal,by comparing the differences in topographic and geomorphic characteristics,fluvial morphologies,and sedimentary characteristics of the Golmud DFS.The proximal slope is higher than the other two zones,and the geomorphic features are mainly gravel gobi.The proximal fluvial morphologies are mainly large braided rivers,and sediments are more gravelly and less sandy.The medial slope is relatively small,and the geomorphic features are mostly oasis plains.The medial fluvial morphologies are mainly meandering rivers associating with braided rivers,and sediments are more sandy and less gravelly.The distal slope is the lowest,and the geomorphic features are mostly oasis plains,lakes,and marsh plains.The distal fluvial morphologies are mainly meandering rivers,and sediments are sandy and muddy.Comparison of the DFS from proximal to medial to distal in Golmud confirmed the potential of remote sensing image technology in identifying the fluvial morphologies and sedimentary facies distribution in dryland.

Flux-pinning-induced stress behaviors in a long superconducting slab with central cuboid hole

This paper investigates the flux-pinning-induced stress behaviors in a long superconducting slab with a central cuboid hole.The distribution of flux density is analytically derived for the critical current density of Kim model by considering the effects of the hole.The concentration of stress for both of the zero-field cooling(ZFC)and the field cooling(FC)magnetization processes are investigated through numerical simulation by using finite element method.The results indicate the potential failure mode varies with the height-width ratio and the dimensions of the hole.Different to the case of infinite hole height,the stress concentration behavior for the FC process is more critical when the dimensions of the hole are similar.The findings in this paper are useful for understanding of the degrade mechanism of superconductor in service and the design of new system.