Peripheral nerve injuries occur as the result of sudden trauma and lead to reduced quality of life.The peripheral nervous system has an inherent capability to regenerate axons.However,peripheral nerve regeneration fol...Peripheral nerve injuries occur as the result of sudden trauma and lead to reduced quality of life.The peripheral nervous system has an inherent capability to regenerate axons.However,peripheral nerve regeneration following injury is generally slow and incomplete that results in poor functional outcomes such as muscle atrophy.Although conventional surgical procedures for peripheral nerve injuries present many benefits,there are still several limitations including scarring,difficult accessibility to donor nerve,neuroma formation and a need to sacrifice the autologous nerve.For many years,other therapeutic approaches for peripheral nerve injuries have been explored,the most notable being the replacement of Schwann cells,the glial cells responsible for clearing out debris from the site of injury.Introducing cultured Schwann cells to the injured sites showed great benefits in promoting axonal regeneration and functional recovery.However,there are limited sources of Schwann cells for extraction and difficulties in culturing Schwann cells in vitro.Therefore,novel therapeutic avenues that offer maximum benefits for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries should be investigated.This review focused on strategies using mesenchymal stem cells to promote peripheral nerve regeneration including exosomes of mesenchymal stem cells,nerve engineering using the nerve guidance conduits containing mesenchymal stem cells,and genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells.We present the current progress of mesenchymal stem cell treatment of peripheral nerve injuries.展开更多
Dear Editor,Systemic chemotherapy is hindered for the treatment of advanced HCC,largely due to the multidrug-resistance phenotype.1 One of the major mechanisms of drug resistance,increased drug efflux,is mediated by v...Dear Editor,Systemic chemotherapy is hindered for the treatment of advanced HCC,largely due to the multidrug-resistance phenotype.1 One of the major mechanisms of drug resistance,increased drug efflux,is mediated by various membrane transporters.ABCB1(MDR1)is one of the most extensively studied members of the ATP-binding cassette family and has been shown to be elevated in multiple tumor types.2 However,most clinical trials with ABCB1 inhibitors failed to reach the desired endpoints,which calls for an in-depth understanding of ABCB1 gene regulation.展开更多
基金funded by Clinical Medicine Key Project from the Social Development and Collaborative Innovation Plans in Xuzhou City of China,No.KC14SX016(to DQG).
文摘Peripheral nerve injuries occur as the result of sudden trauma and lead to reduced quality of life.The peripheral nervous system has an inherent capability to regenerate axons.However,peripheral nerve regeneration following injury is generally slow and incomplete that results in poor functional outcomes such as muscle atrophy.Although conventional surgical procedures for peripheral nerve injuries present many benefits,there are still several limitations including scarring,difficult accessibility to donor nerve,neuroma formation and a need to sacrifice the autologous nerve.For many years,other therapeutic approaches for peripheral nerve injuries have been explored,the most notable being the replacement of Schwann cells,the glial cells responsible for clearing out debris from the site of injury.Introducing cultured Schwann cells to the injured sites showed great benefits in promoting axonal regeneration and functional recovery.However,there are limited sources of Schwann cells for extraction and difficulties in culturing Schwann cells in vitro.Therefore,novel therapeutic avenues that offer maximum benefits for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries should be investigated.This review focused on strategies using mesenchymal stem cells to promote peripheral nerve regeneration including exosomes of mesenchymal stem cells,nerve engineering using the nerve guidance conduits containing mesenchymal stem cells,and genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells.We present the current progress of mesenchymal stem cell treatment of peripheral nerve injuries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81572349,81872080)Jiangsu Provincial Medical Talent(ZDRCA 2016055)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Department of Jiangsu Province(BK20181148)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Dear Editor,Systemic chemotherapy is hindered for the treatment of advanced HCC,largely due to the multidrug-resistance phenotype.1 One of the major mechanisms of drug resistance,increased drug efflux,is mediated by various membrane transporters.ABCB1(MDR1)is one of the most extensively studied members of the ATP-binding cassette family and has been shown to be elevated in multiple tumor types.2 However,most clinical trials with ABCB1 inhibitors failed to reach the desired endpoints,which calls for an in-depth understanding of ABCB1 gene regulation.
