Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator plus heparin compared with heparin alone for patients with acute submassive pulmonary embolism: one-year outcome

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term effects of thrombolysis on patients with submassive pulmonary embolism (PE)。 METHODS: Data of 136 patients with acute submassive PE and low risk of bleeding were prospectively collected from January 2005 to October 2011 in a single medical center。 Patients received recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) plus low molecular weight heparin (LMWH, TT group, n = 79) or LMWH alone (AT group, n = 57), depending on treating physician's recommendation and patient's preference。 Echocardiography was performed at admission, 24 h, 6 and 12 months to evaluate right ventricular function。 Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and lung perfusion scan were performed on admission, at 7 days, 6 and 12 months to evaluate clot burden。 RESULTS: Seventy-nine patients received r-tPA plus LMWH (TT group) while 57 received LMWH alone (AT group)。 The baseline characteristics and risk factors did not differ between the two groups。 Respiratory rate, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure improved within two hours in both groups。 Systolic pulmonary arterial pressure and tricuspid regurgitation improved to a greater extent in the TT group at 24 h, and at 12 months (P < 0。001), as compared to those in the AT group。 At one week, and 12 months, clot burden decreased more in AT group, as compared to that in AT group (P < 0.001)。 There was no death due to bleeding in both groups。 Recurrent PE were similar in both groups (2.5% in TT vs。 1.8% in AT)。 The rates of minor hemorrhages were 6.3% in TT group and 1.8% in AT group (P < 0.05)。 In submassive PE patient who has low risk of bleeding, thrombolysis plus anticoagulation can lead to greater improvement of right ventricular dysfunction and clot burden reduction as compared to anticoagulation therapy alone。

Survey of antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition of blueberry,blackberry,and strawberry in Nanjing

Berries are a good source of natural antioxidants. In the present study, the total antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition of three berry fruits （blueberry, blackberry, and strawberry） cultivated in Nanjing were investigated. Blueberry, with a Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity （TEAC） value of 14.98 mmol Trolox/100 g dry weight （DW） exhibited the strongest total antioxidant capacity using both the 2,2-azinobis（3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid） diammonium salt （ABTS） and the 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） methods. Blueberry also had the highest total phenolic content （TPC, 9.44 mg gallic acid/g DW）, total flavonoid content （TFC, 36.06 mg rutin/g DW）, and total anthocyanidin content （TAC, 24.38 mg catechin/g DW）. A preliminary analysis using high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） showed that the blueberry, blackberry, and strawberry samples tested contained a range of phenolic acids （including gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, eUagic acid, and cinnamic acid） and various types of flavonoids （flavone： luteolin; flavonols： rutin, myricetin, quercetrin, and quercetin; flavanols： gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, catechin, and catechin gallate; anthocyanidins： malvidin-3-galactoside, malvidin-3-glucoside, and cyanidin）. In particular, the blueberries had high levels of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanidins, which might be responsible for their strong antioxidant activities. These results indicate a potential market role for berries （especially blueberries） as a functional food ingredient or nutraceutical.

Survey of antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition of blueberry, blackberry, and strawberry in Nanjing

Berries are a good source of natural antioxidants.In the present study,the total antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition of three berry fruits(blueberry,blackberry,and strawberry)cultivated in Nanjing were investigated.Blueberry,with a Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity(TEAC)value of 14.98 mmol Trolox/100 g dry weight(DW),exhibited the strongest total antioxidant capacity using both the 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt(ABTS)and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)methods.Blueberry also had the highest total phenolic content(TPC,9.44 mg gallic acid/g DW),total flavonoid content(TFC,36.08 mg rutin/g DW),and total anthocyanidin content(TAC,24.38 mg catechin/g DW).A preliminary analysis using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)showed that the blueberry,blackberry,and strawberry samples tested contained a range of phenolic acids(including gallic acid,protocatechuic acid,p-hydroxybenzoic acid,vanillic acid,caffeic acid,p-coumaric acid,ferulic acid,ellagic acid,and cinnamic acid)and various types of flavonoids(flavone:luteolin;flavonols:rutin,myricetin,quercetrin,and quercetin;flavanols:gallocatechin,epigallocatechin,catechin,and catechin gallate;anthocyanidins:malvidin-3-galactoside,malvidin-3-glucoside,and cyanidin).In particular,the blueberries had high levels of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanidins,which might be responsible for their strong antioxidant activities.These results indicate a potential market role for berries(especially blueberries)as a functional food ingredient or nutraceutical.

Tailoring the photophysical and photovoltaic properties of boron-difluorodipyrromethene dimers

Five boron-difluorodipyrromethene（BODIPY） dimers have been designed and synthesized successfully via acid-catalysed condensation and Pd-catalysed cross-coupling reactions.The structural modification,including verifying the structures of the π-bridges,altering the positions the bridges link（meso-or β-positions）,and regulating the molecular planarity,can modulate the photophysical properties and the aggregation behaviors of the five dimers efficiently.Solution-processed organic solar cells were fabricated to evaluate the photovoltaic properties of these molecules further either as acceptors or donors.When using as nonfullerene acceptor and blended with the polymer donor of PTB7,an opencircuit voltaic（V_（oc）） of 1.12 and 1.08 V was achieved from the thiophene and benzodithiophene bridged BODIPY dimers,respectively.This V_（oc） is among the top values achieved from the non-fullerene organic solar cells so far.