Cardiac arrest(CA)is one of the most common causes of death.[1-3]Despite extensive studies on the management of CA,the global survival rate in adults is only approximately 7%,and 30-day survival is even less than 2%in...Cardiac arrest(CA)is one of the most common causes of death.[1-3]Despite extensive studies on the management of CA,the global survival rate in adults is only approximately 7%,and 30-day survival is even less than 2%in China.[4]Some studies have shown that CA patients of cardiac and non-cardiac origin may differ in underlying diseases,clinical manifestations,and prognosis,which leads to diff erences in terms of the pathophysiological mechanism and treatment measure.[5,6]However,little is known about the risk factors in relation to the prognosis of CA across arrest etiologies.展开更多
In this paper, we investigate the dynamic properties of an SIR epidemic model with saturated growth rate. Under the conditions of an arbitrary initial value, we prove that the system exists unique positive solution, a...In this paper, we investigate the dynamic properties of an SIR epidemic model with saturated growth rate. Under the conditions of an arbitrary initial value, we prove that the system exists unique positive solution, and give the sufficient conditions caused by random environmental factors leading to the extinction of infectious diseases. Moreover, we verify the conditions for the persistence of infectious diseases in the mean sense. Finally, we provide the biology interpretation and some strategies to control the infectious diseases.展开更多
Tomato is a common food on the human table. Up to now, the research on the growth and development model of tomato has been about 50 years. There are many researches on the main nutrients of tomato, such as carbon and ...Tomato is a common food on the human table. Up to now, the research on the growth and development model of tomato has been about 50 years. There are many researches on the main nutrients of tomato, such as carbon and nitrogen, but few on the trace element zinc. In this paper, taking plant nutrient C, N and Z<sub>n</sub> as variables, the differential equation model of C, N and Z<sub>n</sub> in tomato growth and development was established. According to the research of tomato as a whole and divided into root and leaf, the one-compartment and two-compartment models of tomato growth and development were established. The model was analyzed by Matlab program, and the existing experimental data was used to test the numerical simulation results, which proves that the model conforms to the facts.展开更多
Lithium-ion batteries have always been a focus of research on new energy vehicles,however,their internal reactions are complex,and problems such as battery aging and safety have not been fully understood.In view of th...Lithium-ion batteries have always been a focus of research on new energy vehicles,however,their internal reactions are complex,and problems such as battery aging and safety have not been fully understood.In view of the research and preliminary application of the digital twin in complex systems such as aerospace,we will have the opportunity to use the digital twin to solve the bottleneck of current battery research.Firstly,this paper arranges the development history,basic concepts and key technologies of the digital twin,and summarizes current research methods and challenges in battery modeling,state estimation,remaining useful life prediction,battery safety and control.Furthermore,based on digital twin we describe the solutions for battery digital modeling,real-time state estimation,dynamic charging control,dynamic thermal management,and dynamic equalization control in the intelligent battery management system.We also give development opportunities for digital twin in the battery field.Finally we summarize the development trends and challenges of smart battery management.展开更多
This study examines spatial and temporal changes in 16 extreme temperature indices at 37 weather stations in Xinjiang and their associations with changes in climate means during 1961-2008. Linear regression analyses r...This study examines spatial and temporal changes in 16 extreme temperature indices at 37 weather stations in Xinjiang and their associations with changes in climate means during 1961-2008. Linear regression analyses reveal that significant increas- ing trends in temperature were observed over Xinjiang, with the rate of 0.13 ~C/decade, 0.24 ~C/decade, and 0.52 ~C/decade for annual mean temperature, annual maximum, and minimum temperature, respectively. Annual fi＇equency of cool nights （days） has decreased by -2.45 days/decade （-0.86 days/decade）, whereas the frequency of warm nights （days） has increased by 4.85 days/decade （1.62 days/decade）. Seasonally, the frequencies of summer warm nights and days are changing more rap- idly than the corresponding frequencies for cool nights and days. However, normalization of the extreme and mean series shows that the rate of changes in extreme temperature events are generally less than those of mean temperatures, except for winter cold nights which are changing as rapidly as the winter mean minimum temperatures. These results indicate that there have been seasonally and diurnally asymmetric changes in extreme temperature events relative to recent increases in tempera- ture means in Xinjiang.展开更多
Based on daily maximum and minimum surface air temperature and precipitation records at 48 meteorological stations in Xinjiang, the spatial and temporal distributions of climate extreme indices have been analyzed duri...Based on daily maximum and minimum surface air temperature and precipitation records at 48 meteorological stations in Xinjiang, the spatial and temporal distributions of climate extreme indices have been analyzed during 1961-2008. Twelve temperature ex- treme indices and six precipitation extreme indices are studied. Temperature extremes are highly correlated to annual mean tem- perature, which appears to be significantly increasing by 0.08 ℃ per year, indicating that changes in temperature extremes reflect consistent warming. The warming tendency is clearer at stations in northern Xinjiang as reflected by mean temperature. The fre- quencies of cold days and nights have both decreased, respectively by -0.86 and -2.45 d/decade, but the frequencies of warm days and nights have both increased, respectively by ＋1.62 and ＋4.85 d/decade. Over the same period, the number of frost days shows a statistically significant decreasing trend of-2.54 d/decade. The growing season length and the number of summer days exhibit significant increasing trends at rates of ＋2.62 and ＋2.86 d/decade, respectively. The diumal temperature range has de- creased by -0.28 ℃/decade. Both annual extreme low and high temperatures exhibit significant increasing trend, with the former clearly larger than the latter. For precipitation indices, regional annual total precipitation shows an increasing trend and most other precipitation indices are strongly correlated with annual total precipitation. Average wet day precipitation, maximum 1-day and 5-day precipitation, and heavy precipitation days show increasing trends, but only the last is statistically significant. A decreasing trend is found for consecutive dry days. For all precipitation indices, stations in northwestern Xinjiang have the largest positive trend magnitudes, while stations in northern Xiniiang have the largest negative magnitudes.展开更多
Atmospheric water harvesting(AWH)is a promising solution to the water shortage problem.Current sorption-based AWH(SAWH)systems seldom obtain both wide climatic adaptability and high energy efficiency due to the lack o...Atmospheric water harvesting(AWH)is a promising solution to the water shortage problem.Current sorption-based AWH(SAWH)systems seldom obtain both wide climatic adaptability and high energy efficiency due to the lack of thermodynamic optimization.To achieve the ideal harvesting circulation in SAWH systems,the“optimal harvesting window”(OHW)design based on thermodynamic analysis was first proposed and validated by our prototype.The“OHW”theory indicates the water production rate and energy efficiency could be improved by properly reducing the adsorption temperature.As the humidity increases,the optimal adsorption temperature should be closer to the dew point of the environment.Experimental results revealed that,loaded with 3 kg widely adopted silica gel,the daily water production could reach 5.76-17.64 L/d with ultrahigh energy efficiency of 0.46-1.5 L/kWh.This prototype could also achieve optimal performance in wide climatic conditions in terms of 13-35℃and 18%-72%RH.Lastly,the performance of photovoltaic(PV)-driven SAWH was evaluated.Results showed that a 1 m^(2)PV panel could generate 0.66-2 L water per day in Shanghai throughout the year,the highest in opening literature.Notably,this work introduces a promising concept that can help achieve large-scale,ultra-fast,energyefficient AWH worldwide.展开更多
Oil pollution is a serious environmental and natural resource problem.Traditional adsorption materials for oil–water separation have limitations in terms of their preparation cost,reusability,and mechanical propertie...Oil pollution is a serious environmental and natural resource problem.Traditional adsorption materials for oil–water separation have limitations in terms of their preparation cost,reusability,and mechanical properties.Among the conventional adsorption materials,super-hydrophobic/super-lipophilic materials are easily contaminated by oil.In this study,polypropylene(PP)is used as a foam substrate to prepare an open-cell PP foam via hot pressing,supercritical CO_(2) foaming,and electron beam(EB)irradiation.The impact of EB irradiation dose on the open-cell content of PP foam can lead to cell wall rupture,resulting in an open-cell structure that enhances oil-water separation performance.At an absorbed radiation dose of 200 kGy,the PP foams exhibit optimal oil–water separation performance,cyclic compression stability,heat insulation,and preparation cost.The open-cell content of PP foam is increased to 86.5%,the adsorption capacity for diesel oil is 42.8 g/g,and the adsorption efficiency remains at 99.6%after 100 cycles of oil desorption in a complex pH environment.Meanwhile,cracks and nano-voids simultaneously promote the capillary action of oil,and the oil transport rate is 0.0713 g/(g·s).This study provides a new concept for the preparation of open-cell polymer foams that can meet the demand for high oil-absorption capacity under complex acid-base pH conditions.展开更多
Balancing cost and performance of porous carbon(PC)as anode for lithium-ion battery(LIBs)is the key to effectively promote commercial application.Herein,low-cost N-doped PC(NPC-Ts,T=600,750 and 900°C)were facilel...Balancing cost and performance of porous carbon(PC)as anode for lithium-ion battery(LIBs)is the key to effectively promote commercial application.Herein,low-cost N-doped PC(NPC-Ts,T=600,750 and 900°C)were facilely prepared in batches via one-pot pyrolysis of agar with different carbonization temperature.The NPC-750 with specific surface area of 2914 m^(2)/g and N content of 2.84%exhibits an ultrahigh reversible capacity of 1019 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g after 100 cycles and 837 mAh/g at 1 A/g after 500 cycles.Remarkably,the resulting LIBs exhibit an ultrafast charge-discharge feature with a remarkable capacity of 281 mAh/g at 10 A/g and a superlong cycle life with a capacity retention of 87%after 5000 cycles at 10 A/g.Coupling with LiFePO_(4)cathode,the fabricated lithium-ion full cells possess high capacity,excellent rate and cycling performances(125 mAh/g at 100 mA/g,capacity retention of 95%,after 220 cycles),highlighting the practicability of this NPC-750 as the anode materials.展开更多
1.Text Black phosphorus(BP)has sparked immense interests among two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials since its first mechanical exfoliation from bulk BP in 2014[1].The atoms in BP are not distributed in the same plane,wher...1.Text Black phosphorus(BP)has sparked immense interests among two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials since its first mechanical exfoliation from bulk BP in 2014[1].The atoms in BP are not distributed in the same plane,where the lone pair electrons of P atoms are highly reactive,and the structural anisotropy leads to many distinctive physical properties[2,3],like highly anisotropic effective masses and tunable electronic properties[4].Particularly,it possesses thickness-dependent direct bandgap values from 0.3 eV(bulk)to 1.5 eV(monolayer)[5].Owing to its unique structural and electronic properties,BP shows potential applications in electronic or optoelectronic devices[6-8].However,BP is reported to be unstable and easy to decompose in ambient conditions,which hinders its wide applications[9].Layered BP can rapidly transform into oxides,and further degrade into acids or salts within hours[10].Therefore,it is necessary to take some measures to inhibit the degradation of BP.展开更多
A detailed investigation of seven heavy metals （Cu, Cd, Cr, As, Pb, Zn, Ni） in the water column, interstitial water and surface sediment was conducted to quantify the extent of their contamination in Taihu Lake. Res...A detailed investigation of seven heavy metals （Cu, Cd, Cr, As, Pb, Zn, Ni） in the water column, interstitial water and surface sediment was conducted to quantify the extent of their contamination in Taihu Lake. Results showed the average total concentrations ranged from 0.93μg/L for Cd to 47.03 μg/L for Zn. The dissolved concentrations in the overlying water ranged from 0.06μg/L for Cd to 15.86 μg/L for Zn. The metals in the Taihu Lake surface water were primarily in the particulate phase, especially for Cd, whose particulate concentration represented 94.3% of the total. In the surface sediment, the mean concentrations for Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were 41.50, 28.72, 27.82, 65.46, 5.94, 0.82 and 41.17 mg/kg, respectively. The metals in the water column and sediments of Taihu Lake displayed significant spatial variations, and the higher metal concentrations mainly occurred in the north and west of Taihu Lake, especially in Zhushan Bay and West Taihu Lake. A quality assessment indicated that most of the metals in the surface water of Taihu Lake had no or low adverse health effects on organisms, except for Pb and Cu, which may cause chronic toxicity. Compared with the ＂Consensus-Based Sediment Quality Guidelines＂, the polluting metals were Cr, Ni and Cd, and the polluted regions were confined to Zhnshan Bay, Meiliang Bay and the west of Taihu Lake, especially for north of Zhushan Bay. The polluted areas for Cr, Ni and Cd were 14.36, 34.70 and 13.24 km2, respectively. We suggest that Cr, Ni, and Cd in the polluted areas should be addressed and that tissue chemistry and sediment toxicity assessments be performed as soon as possible.展开更多
Heterochromatin protein 1α (HP1α)regulates chromatin specification and plasticity during cell fate decision.Different structural determinants account for HP1α Localization and function during cell division cycle.Ou...Heterochromatin protein 1α (HP1α)regulates chromatin specification and plasticity during cell fate decision.Different structural determinants account for HP1α Localization and function during cell division cycle.Our earlier study showed that centromeric Localization of HP1α depends on the epigenetic mark H3K9me3 in interphase,while its centromeric location in mitosis relies on uncharacterized PXVXL-containing factors.Here,we identified a PXVXL-containing protein,Ligand-dependent nuclear receptorinteracting factor 1 (LRIF1),which recruits HPla to the centromere of mitotic chromosomes and its interaction with HP1α is essential for accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis.LRIF1 interacts directly with HPla chromoshadow domain via an evolutionariLy conserved PXVXL motif within its C-terminus.Importantly,the LRIF1-HPla interaction is critical for Aurora B activity in the inner centromere.Mutation of PXVXL motif of LRIF1 Leads to defects in HPla centromere targeting and aberrant chromosome segregation.These findings reveal a previously unrecognized direct Link between LRIF1 and HP1α in centromere plasticity control and illustrate the critical role of LRIF1-HP1α interaction in orchestrating accurate cell division.展开更多
Error-free cell division depends on the accurate assembly of the spindle midzone from dynamic spindle microtubules to ensure chromatid segregation during metaphase-anaphase transition.However,the mechanism underlying ...Error-free cell division depends on the accurate assembly of the spindle midzone from dynamic spindle microtubules to ensure chromatid segregation during metaphase-anaphase transition.However,the mechanism underlying the key transition from the mitotic spindle to central spindle before anaphase onset remains elusive.Given the prevalence of chromosome instability phenotype in gastric tumorigenesis,we developed a strategy to model context-dependent cell division using a combination of light sheet microscope and 3D gastric organoids.Light sheet microscopic image analyses of 3D organoids showed that CENP-E inhibited cells undergoing aberrant metaphase-anaphase transition and exhibiting chromosome segregation errors during mitosis.Highresolution real-time imaging analyses of 2D cell culture revealed that CENP-E inhibited cells undergoing central spindle splitting and chromosome instability phenotype.Using biotinylated syntelin as an affinity matrix,we found that CENP-E forms a complex with PRC1 in mitotic cells.Chemical inhibition of CENP-E in metaphase by syntelin prevented accurate central spindle assembly by perturbing temporal assembly of PRC1 to the midzone.Thus,CENP-E-mediated PRC1 assembly to the central spindle constitutes a temporal switch to organize dynamic kinetochore microtubules into stable midzone arrays.These findings reveal a previously uncharacterized role of CENP-E in temporal control of central spindle assembly.Since CENP-E is absent from yeast,we reasoned that metazoans evolved an elaborate central spindle organization machinery to ensure accurate sister chromatid segregation during anaphase and cytokinesis.展开更多
The level set method(LSM),which is transplanted from the computer graphics field,has been successfully introduced into the structural topology optimization field for about two decades,but it still has not been widely ...The level set method(LSM),which is transplanted from the computer graphics field,has been successfully introduced into the structural topology optimization field for about two decades,but it still has not been widely applied to practical engineering problems as density-based methods do.One of the reasons is that it acts as a boundary evolution algorithm,which is not as flexible as density-based methods at controlling topology changes.In this study,a level set band method is proposed to overcome this drawback in handling topology changes in the level set framework.This scheme is proposed to improve the continuity of objective and constraint functions by incorporating one parameter,namely,level set band,to seamlessly combine LSM and density-based method to utilize their advantages.The proposed method demonstrates a flexible topology change by applying a certain size of the level set band and can converge to a clear boundary representation methodology.The method is easy to implement for improving existing LSMs and does not require the introduction of penalization or filtering factors that are prone to numerical issues.Several 2D and 3D numerical examples of compliance minimization problems are studied to illustrate the effects of the proposed method.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20376,82102871,81988101,81903184,81790633,and 81830054)the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2019-01-07-00-07E00065)+1 种基金the National Science Foundation of Shanghai(21XD1404600,21JC1406600,and 22140901000)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M671007).
基金supported by the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC(RC2021023)Key Research and Development Plan of Anhui Province(S2022e07020194).
文摘Cardiac arrest(CA)is one of the most common causes of death.[1-3]Despite extensive studies on the management of CA,the global survival rate in adults is only approximately 7%,and 30-day survival is even less than 2%in China.[4]Some studies have shown that CA patients of cardiac and non-cardiac origin may differ in underlying diseases,clinical manifestations,and prognosis,which leads to diff erences in terms of the pathophysiological mechanism and treatment measure.[5,6]However,little is known about the risk factors in relation to the prognosis of CA across arrest etiologies.
文摘In this paper, we investigate the dynamic properties of an SIR epidemic model with saturated growth rate. Under the conditions of an arbitrary initial value, we prove that the system exists unique positive solution, and give the sufficient conditions caused by random environmental factors leading to the extinction of infectious diseases. Moreover, we verify the conditions for the persistence of infectious diseases in the mean sense. Finally, we provide the biology interpretation and some strategies to control the infectious diseases.
文摘Tomato is a common food on the human table. Up to now, the research on the growth and development model of tomato has been about 50 years. There are many researches on the main nutrients of tomato, such as carbon and nitrogen, but few on the trace element zinc. In this paper, taking plant nutrient C, N and Z<sub>n</sub> as variables, the differential equation model of C, N and Z<sub>n</sub> in tomato growth and development was established. According to the research of tomato as a whole and divided into root and leaf, the one-compartment and two-compartment models of tomato growth and development were established. The model was analyzed by Matlab program, and the existing experimental data was used to test the numerical simulation results, which proves that the model conforms to the facts.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51922006).
文摘Lithium-ion batteries have always been a focus of research on new energy vehicles,however,their internal reactions are complex,and problems such as battery aging and safety have not been fully understood.In view of the research and preliminary application of the digital twin in complex systems such as aerospace,we will have the opportunity to use the digital twin to solve the bottleneck of current battery research.Firstly,this paper arranges the development history,basic concepts and key technologies of the digital twin,and summarizes current research methods and challenges in battery modeling,state estimation,remaining useful life prediction,battery safety and control.Furthermore,based on digital twin we describe the solutions for battery digital modeling,real-time state estimation,dynamic charging control,dynamic thermal management,and dynamic equalization control in the intelligent battery management system.We also give development opportunities for digital twin in the battery field.Finally we summarize the development trends and challenges of smart battery management.
基金funded by a special scientific research project (GYHY200706008) in the public welfare industry (meteorology)the "Western Light" Project (RCPY200902) of the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe National Natural Science Foundation(41171066) of Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography
文摘This study examines spatial and temporal changes in 16 extreme temperature indices at 37 weather stations in Xinjiang and their associations with changes in climate means during 1961-2008. Linear regression analyses reveal that significant increas- ing trends in temperature were observed over Xinjiang, with the rate of 0.13 ~C/decade, 0.24 ~C/decade, and 0.52 ~C/decade for annual mean temperature, annual maximum, and minimum temperature, respectively. Annual fi＇equency of cool nights （days） has decreased by -2.45 days/decade （-0.86 days/decade）, whereas the frequency of warm nights （days） has increased by 4.85 days/decade （1.62 days/decade）. Seasonally, the frequencies of summer warm nights and days are changing more rap- idly than the corresponding frequencies for cool nights and days. However, normalization of the extreme and mean series shows that the rate of changes in extreme temperature events are generally less than those of mean temperatures, except for winter cold nights which are changing as rapidly as the winter mean minimum temperatures. These results indicate that there have been seasonally and diurnally asymmetric changes in extreme temperature events relative to recent increases in tempera- ture means in Xinjiang.
基金supported by a special scientific research project(GYHY200706008)in the public welfare industry(meteorology)the"Western Light"Project(RCPY200902)of the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Oasis Scholar"Doctor"Talent Training Program(0771021) of Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography
文摘Based on daily maximum and minimum surface air temperature and precipitation records at 48 meteorological stations in Xinjiang, the spatial and temporal distributions of climate extreme indices have been analyzed during 1961-2008. Twelve temperature ex- treme indices and six precipitation extreme indices are studied. Temperature extremes are highly correlated to annual mean tem- perature, which appears to be significantly increasing by 0.08 ℃ per year, indicating that changes in temperature extremes reflect consistent warming. The warming tendency is clearer at stations in northern Xinjiang as reflected by mean temperature. The fre- quencies of cold days and nights have both decreased, respectively by -0.86 and -2.45 d/decade, but the frequencies of warm days and nights have both increased, respectively by ＋1.62 and ＋4.85 d/decade. Over the same period, the number of frost days shows a statistically significant decreasing trend of-2.54 d/decade. The growing season length and the number of summer days exhibit significant increasing trends at rates of ＋2.62 and ＋2.86 d/decade, respectively. The diumal temperature range has de- creased by -0.28 ℃/decade. Both annual extreme low and high temperatures exhibit significant increasing trend, with the former clearly larger than the latter. For precipitation indices, regional annual total precipitation shows an increasing trend and most other precipitation indices are strongly correlated with annual total precipitation. Average wet day precipitation, maximum 1-day and 5-day precipitation, and heavy precipitation days show increasing trends, but only the last is statistically significant. A decreasing trend is found for consecutive dry days. For all precipitation indices, stations in northwestern Xinjiang have the largest positive trend magnitudes, while stations in northern Xiniiang have the largest negative magnitudes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51922070).
文摘Atmospheric water harvesting(AWH)is a promising solution to the water shortage problem.Current sorption-based AWH(SAWH)systems seldom obtain both wide climatic adaptability and high energy efficiency due to the lack of thermodynamic optimization.To achieve the ideal harvesting circulation in SAWH systems,the“optimal harvesting window”(OHW)design based on thermodynamic analysis was first proposed and validated by our prototype.The“OHW”theory indicates the water production rate and energy efficiency could be improved by properly reducing the adsorption temperature.As the humidity increases,the optimal adsorption temperature should be closer to the dew point of the environment.Experimental results revealed that,loaded with 3 kg widely adopted silica gel,the daily water production could reach 5.76-17.64 L/d with ultrahigh energy efficiency of 0.46-1.5 L/kWh.This prototype could also achieve optimal performance in wide climatic conditions in terms of 13-35℃and 18%-72%RH.Lastly,the performance of photovoltaic(PV)-driven SAWH was evaluated.Results showed that a 1 m^(2)PV panel could generate 0.66-2 L water per day in Shanghai throughout the year,the highest in opening literature.Notably,this work introduces a promising concept that can help achieve large-scale,ultra-fast,energyefficient AWH worldwide.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12205225,U20A20257,and 51873166).
文摘Oil pollution is a serious environmental and natural resource problem.Traditional adsorption materials for oil–water separation have limitations in terms of their preparation cost,reusability,and mechanical properties.Among the conventional adsorption materials,super-hydrophobic/super-lipophilic materials are easily contaminated by oil.In this study,polypropylene(PP)is used as a foam substrate to prepare an open-cell PP foam via hot pressing,supercritical CO_(2) foaming,and electron beam(EB)irradiation.The impact of EB irradiation dose on the open-cell content of PP foam can lead to cell wall rupture,resulting in an open-cell structure that enhances oil-water separation performance.At an absorbed radiation dose of 200 kGy,the PP foams exhibit optimal oil–water separation performance,cyclic compression stability,heat insulation,and preparation cost.The open-cell content of PP foam is increased to 86.5%,the adsorption capacity for diesel oil is 42.8 g/g,and the adsorption efficiency remains at 99.6%after 100 cycles of oil desorption in a complex pH environment.Meanwhile,cracks and nano-voids simultaneously promote the capillary action of oil,and the oil transport rate is 0.0713 g/(g·s).This study provides a new concept for the preparation of open-cell polymer foams that can meet the demand for high oil-absorption capacity under complex acid-base pH conditions.
基金Financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2021MB025).
文摘Balancing cost and performance of porous carbon(PC)as anode for lithium-ion battery(LIBs)is the key to effectively promote commercial application.Herein,low-cost N-doped PC(NPC-Ts,T=600,750 and 900°C)were facilely prepared in batches via one-pot pyrolysis of agar with different carbonization temperature.The NPC-750 with specific surface area of 2914 m^(2)/g and N content of 2.84%exhibits an ultrahigh reversible capacity of 1019 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g after 100 cycles and 837 mAh/g at 1 A/g after 500 cycles.Remarkably,the resulting LIBs exhibit an ultrafast charge-discharge feature with a remarkable capacity of 281 mAh/g at 10 A/g and a superlong cycle life with a capacity retention of 87%after 5000 cycles at 10 A/g.Coupling with LiFePO_(4)cathode,the fabricated lithium-ion full cells possess high capacity,excellent rate and cycling performances(125 mAh/g at 100 mA/g,capacity retention of 95%,after 220 cycles),highlighting the practicability of this NPC-750 as the anode materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21973067,22173067,62022081 and 61974099)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BZ2020011)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(FDCT No.0052/2021/A)supported by the Fund for Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technology,the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘1.Text Black phosphorus(BP)has sparked immense interests among two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials since its first mechanical exfoliation from bulk BP in 2014[1].The atoms in BP are not distributed in the same plane,where the lone pair electrons of P atoms are highly reactive,and the structural anisotropy leads to many distinctive physical properties[2,3],like highly anisotropic effective masses and tunable electronic properties[4].Particularly,it possesses thickness-dependent direct bandgap values from 0.3 eV(bulk)to 1.5 eV(monolayer)[5].Owing to its unique structural and electronic properties,BP shows potential applications in electronic or optoelectronic devices[6-8].However,BP is reported to be unstable and easy to decompose in ambient conditions,which hinders its wide applications[9].Layered BP can rapidly transform into oxides,and further degrade into acids or salts within hours[10].Therefore,it is necessary to take some measures to inhibit the degradation of BP.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21077097)the National Water Project (No. 2008ZX07101-010)
文摘A detailed investigation of seven heavy metals （Cu, Cd, Cr, As, Pb, Zn, Ni） in the water column, interstitial water and surface sediment was conducted to quantify the extent of their contamination in Taihu Lake. Results showed the average total concentrations ranged from 0.93μg/L for Cd to 47.03 μg/L for Zn. The dissolved concentrations in the overlying water ranged from 0.06μg/L for Cd to 15.86 μg/L for Zn. The metals in the Taihu Lake surface water were primarily in the particulate phase, especially for Cd, whose particulate concentration represented 94.3% of the total. In the surface sediment, the mean concentrations for Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were 41.50, 28.72, 27.82, 65.46, 5.94, 0.82 and 41.17 mg/kg, respectively. The metals in the water column and sediments of Taihu Lake displayed significant spatial variations, and the higher metal concentrations mainly occurred in the north and west of Taihu Lake, especially in Zhushan Bay and West Taihu Lake. A quality assessment indicated that most of the metals in the surface water of Taihu Lake had no or low adverse health effects on organisms, except for Pb and Cu, which may cause chronic toxicity. Compared with the ＂Consensus-Based Sediment Quality Guidelines＂, the polluting metals were Cr, Ni and Cd, and the polluted regions were confined to Zhnshan Bay, Meiliang Bay and the west of Taihu Lake, especially for north of Zhushan Bay. The polluted areas for Cr, Ni and Cd were 14.36, 34.70 and 13.24 km2, respectively. We suggest that Cr, Ni, and Cd in the polluted areas should be addressed and that tissue chemistry and sediment toxicity assessments be performed as soon as possible.
基金grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2017YFA0503600 and 2016YFA0100500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31430054,31320103904, 91313303,31621002,31501095,and 31671405)+1 种基金the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (IRT_17R102)the US National Institutes of Health (CA164133,DK56292, and DKl15812).
文摘Heterochromatin protein 1α (HP1α)regulates chromatin specification and plasticity during cell fate decision.Different structural determinants account for HP1α Localization and function during cell division cycle.Our earlier study showed that centromeric Localization of HP1α depends on the epigenetic mark H3K9me3 in interphase,while its centromeric location in mitosis relies on uncharacterized PXVXL-containing factors.Here,we identified a PXVXL-containing protein,Ligand-dependent nuclear receptorinteracting factor 1 (LRIF1),which recruits HPla to the centromere of mitotic chromosomes and its interaction with HP1α is essential for accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis.LRIF1 interacts directly with HPla chromoshadow domain via an evolutionariLy conserved PXVXL motif within its C-terminus.Importantly,the LRIF1-HPla interaction is critical for Aurora B activity in the inner centromere.Mutation of PXVXL motif of LRIF1 Leads to defects in HPla centromere targeting and aberrant chromosome segregation.These findings reveal a previously unrecognized direct Link between LRIF1 and HP1α in centromere plasticity control and illustrate the critical role of LRIF1-HP1α interaction in orchestrating accurate cell division.
基金This work was supported in part by the National NaturalScience Foundation of China(31430054,31320103904,31621002,31671405,31601097,91854203,91753000,and91853115)'Strategic Priority Research Program'of the ChineseAcademy of Sciences(XDB19000000)+2 种基金the National Key Researchand Development Program of China(2017YFA0503600 and2016YFA-0100500)MOE Innovative Team project(IRT_17R102)and the US National Institutes of Health(CA164133,DK56292,and DK115812).
文摘Error-free cell division depends on the accurate assembly of the spindle midzone from dynamic spindle microtubules to ensure chromatid segregation during metaphase-anaphase transition.However,the mechanism underlying the key transition from the mitotic spindle to central spindle before anaphase onset remains elusive.Given the prevalence of chromosome instability phenotype in gastric tumorigenesis,we developed a strategy to model context-dependent cell division using a combination of light sheet microscope and 3D gastric organoids.Light sheet microscopic image analyses of 3D organoids showed that CENP-E inhibited cells undergoing aberrant metaphase-anaphase transition and exhibiting chromosome segregation errors during mitosis.Highresolution real-time imaging analyses of 2D cell culture revealed that CENP-E inhibited cells undergoing central spindle splitting and chromosome instability phenotype.Using biotinylated syntelin as an affinity matrix,we found that CENP-E forms a complex with PRC1 in mitotic cells.Chemical inhibition of CENP-E in metaphase by syntelin prevented accurate central spindle assembly by perturbing temporal assembly of PRC1 to the midzone.Thus,CENP-E-mediated PRC1 assembly to the central spindle constitutes a temporal switch to organize dynamic kinetochore microtubules into stable midzone arrays.These findings reveal a previously uncharacterized role of CENP-E in temporal control of central spindle assembly.Since CENP-E is absent from yeast,we reasoned that metazoans evolved an elaborate central spindle organization machinery to ensure accurate sister chromatid segregation during anaphase and cytokinesis.
基金Support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11372004)the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science(Grant No.2016 KB 13)the State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment(Grant No.GZ18109).
文摘The level set method(LSM),which is transplanted from the computer graphics field,has been successfully introduced into the structural topology optimization field for about two decades,but it still has not been widely applied to practical engineering problems as density-based methods do.One of the reasons is that it acts as a boundary evolution algorithm,which is not as flexible as density-based methods at controlling topology changes.In this study,a level set band method is proposed to overcome this drawback in handling topology changes in the level set framework.This scheme is proposed to improve the continuity of objective and constraint functions by incorporating one parameter,namely,level set band,to seamlessly combine LSM and density-based method to utilize their advantages.The proposed method demonstrates a flexible topology change by applying a certain size of the level set band and can converge to a clear boundary representation methodology.The method is easy to implement for improving existing LSMs and does not require the introduction of penalization or filtering factors that are prone to numerical issues.Several 2D and 3D numerical examples of compliance minimization problems are studied to illustrate the effects of the proposed method.
