The magnetization reversal mechanisms for Ni nanowires with different diameters were investigated by micromagnetic simulations. The results show that the reversal mechanisms are significantly dependeht on the diameter...The magnetization reversal mechanisms for Ni nanowires with different diameters were investigated by micromagnetic simulations. The results show that the reversal mechanisms are significantly dependeht on the diameter of wire. For very thin wires, the reversal occurs by pseudo-coherent rotation. With increasing diameter, magnetization reversal takes place via different nucleation （the transverse domain wall and the vortex domain wall） and subsequent propagation. The reason of transition from the transverse domain wall to the vortex domain wall is given by analytical studies. With further increase of the diameter, the reversal nuclear domain wall becomes tundishoshaped form. As the diameter increases, the width of wall becomes larger.展开更多
Analysis of the Direct Operating Cost(DOC) of aircraft is an important step towards achieving financially sustainable aviation operations. However, the value of the DOC for different aircraft types and flight scenario...Analysis of the Direct Operating Cost(DOC) of aircraft is an important step towards achieving financially sustainable aviation operations. However, the value of the DOC for different aircraft types and flight scenarios is not widely available. In this study, we perform a systematic analysis of the DOC of every wide-body passenger aircraft currently in production, using the method of the Association of European Airlines(AEA). The elements of the DOC, e.g. financial costs, maintenance costs, and flight costs, are evaluated individually. Several realistic flight scenarios are considered, each with differences in route distance, fuel price, passenger number, and seating arrangement. For each flight scenario, the most cost-efficient aircraft type is identified and evaluated in the context of operations from Hong Kong International Airport. The information provided in this study could be useful to airline operators and policy makers.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China under Grant No. 60571043 the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Provinceof China under Grant No. 04JJ3078.
文摘The magnetization reversal mechanisms for Ni nanowires with different diameters were investigated by micromagnetic simulations. The results show that the reversal mechanisms are significantly dependeht on the diameter of wire. For very thin wires, the reversal occurs by pseudo-coherent rotation. With increasing diameter, magnetization reversal takes place via different nucleation （the transverse domain wall and the vortex domain wall） and subsequent propagation. The reason of transition from the transverse domain wall to the vortex domain wall is given by analytical studies. With further increase of the diameter, the reversal nuclear domain wall becomes tundishoshaped form. As the diameter increases, the width of wall becomes larger.
文摘Analysis of the Direct Operating Cost(DOC) of aircraft is an important step towards achieving financially sustainable aviation operations. However, the value of the DOC for different aircraft types and flight scenarios is not widely available. In this study, we perform a systematic analysis of the DOC of every wide-body passenger aircraft currently in production, using the method of the Association of European Airlines(AEA). The elements of the DOC, e.g. financial costs, maintenance costs, and flight costs, are evaluated individually. Several realistic flight scenarios are considered, each with differences in route distance, fuel price, passenger number, and seating arrangement. For each flight scenario, the most cost-efficient aircraft type is identified and evaluated in the context of operations from Hong Kong International Airport. The information provided in this study could be useful to airline operators and policy makers.
