Surface acoustic wave(SAW)is a powerful technique for investigating quantum phases appearing in twodimensional electron systems.The electrons respond to the piezoelectric field of SAW through screening,attenuating its...Surface acoustic wave(SAW)is a powerful technique for investigating quantum phases appearing in twodimensional electron systems.The electrons respond to the piezoelectric field of SAW through screening,attenuating its amplitude,and shifting its velocity,which is described by the relaxation model.In this work,we systematically study this interaction using orders of magnitude lower SAW amplitude than those in previous studies.At high magnetic fields,when electrons form highly correlated states such as the quantum Hall effect,we observe an anomalously large attenuation of SAW,while the acoustic speed remains considerably high,inconsistent with the conventional relaxation model.This anomaly exists only when the SAW power is sufficiently low.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)ferromagnetic crystals with fascinating optical and electrical properties are crucial for nanotechnology and have a wide variety of applications in spintronics.However,low Curie temperatures of most...Two-dimensional(2D)ferromagnetic crystals with fascinating optical and electrical properties are crucial for nanotechnology and have a wide variety of applications in spintronics.However,low Curie temperatures of most 2D ferromagnetic crystals seriously hinder their practical applications,thus searching for intrinsic roomtemperature 2D ferromagnetic crystals is of great importance for development of information technology.Fortunately,progresses have been achieved in the last few years.Here we review recent advances in the field of intrinsic room-temperature 2D ferromagnetic crystals and introduce their applications in spintronic devices based on van der Waals heterostructures.Finally,the remaining challenge and future perspective on the development direction of intrinsic room-temperature 2D ferromagnetic crystals for 2D spintronics and van der Waals spintronics are briefly summarized.展开更多
The discovery and manipulation of topological Hall effect(THE),an abnormal magnetoelectric response mostly related to the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction(DMI),are promising for next-generation spintronic devices ba...The discovery and manipulation of topological Hall effect(THE),an abnormal magnetoelectric response mostly related to the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction(DMI),are promising for next-generation spintronic devices based on topological spin textures such as magnetic skyrmions.However,most skyrmions and THE are stabilized in a narrow temperature window either below or over room temperature with high critical current manipulation.It is still elusive and challenging to achieve large THE with both wide temperature window till room temperature and low critical current manipulation.Here,using controllable,naturally oxidized sub-20 and sub-10 nm 2D van der Waals room-temperature ferromagnetic Fe_(3)GaTe_(2-x)crystals,we report robust 2D skyrmion THE with ultrawide temperature window ranging in three orders of magnitude from 2 to 300 K,in combination with giant THE of~5.4μΩ·cm at 10 K and~0.15μΩ·cm at 300 K,which is 1–3 orders of magnitude larger than that of all known room-temperature 2D skyrmion systems.Moreover,room-temperature current-controlled THE is also realized with a low critical current density of~6.2×10^(5)A·cm^(-2).First-principles calculations unveil natural oxidation-induced highly enhanced 2D interfacial DMI reasonable for robust giant THE.This work paves the way to room-temperature electrically controlled 2D THE-based practical spintronic devices.展开更多
Soft magnetic composite(SMC)material is an ideal soft magnetic material employed for developing 3D magnetic flux electromagnetic equipment,due to its advantages of 3D magnetic isotropy characteristic,low eddy current ...Soft magnetic composite(SMC)material is an ideal soft magnetic material employed for developing 3D magnetic flux electromagnetic equipment,due to its advantages of 3D magnetic isotropy characteristic,low eddy current loss,and simple manufacturing process.The permanent magnet claw pole machine(PMCPM)with SMC cores is a good case that the SMC to be adopted for developing 3D flux electrical machines.In this paper,a novel axial-radial flux permanent magnet claw pole machine(ARPMCPM)with SMC cores and ferrite magnets is proposed.Compared with the traditional PMCPM,the proposed ARPMCPM is designed with only one spoke PM rotor and its whole structure is quite compact.For the performance prediction,the 3D finite element method(FEM)is used.Meanwhile,for the performance evaluation,a previously developed axial flux claw pole permanent magnet machine(AFCPM)is employed as the benchmark machine and all these machines are optimized by using the combined multilevel robust Taguchi method.It can be seen that the proposed ARPMCPM is with higher torque/weight density and operation efficiency.展开更多
Objective:Natural extracts,including nobiletin,have been reported to enhance the efficacy and sensitivity of chemotherapeutic drugs.However,whether and how nobiletin affects tumor growth and progression in renal cell ...Objective:Natural extracts,including nobiletin,have been reported to enhance the efficacy and sensitivity of chemotherapeutic drugs.However,whether and how nobiletin affects tumor growth and progression in renal cell carcinoma(RCC)are still unclear.Methods:Cell proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis analyses,colony-formation assays,immunoblotting analysis,and q RT-PCR analysis were performed to investigate how nobiletin affected RCC cell proliferation in vitro.The nude mouse model was used to test the efficacy of nobiletin alone or in combination with palbociclib.Results:Nobiletin inhibited cell proliferation by inducing G1 cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis in RCC cells.Mechanistically,nobiletin decreased SKP2 protein expression by reducing its transcriptional level.The downregulated SKP2 caused accumulation of its substrates,p27 and p21,which further inhibited the activity of the G1 phase-related protein,CDK2,leading to inhibition of cell proliferation and tumor formation.A higher SKP2 protein level indicated less sensitivity to the CDK4/6 inhibitor,palbociclib.A combination of nobiletin and palbociclib showed a synergistic tumor inhibition in vitro and in an in vivo model.Conclusions:Nobiletin downregulated the SKP2-p21/p27-CDK2 axis to inhibit tumor progression and showed synergistic tumor inhibition effects with the CDK4/6 inhibitor,palbociclib,on RCC,which indicates a potential new therapeutic strategy.展开更多
In the past decade, metal-halide perovskites have attracted increasing attention in optoelectronics, due to their superior optoelectronic properties.However, inherent instabilities of conventional three-dimensional(3D...In the past decade, metal-halide perovskites have attracted increasing attention in optoelectronics, due to their superior optoelectronic properties.However, inherent instabilities of conventional three-dimensional(3D)perovskites over moisture, heat, and light remain a severe challenge before the realization of commercial application of metal-halide perovskites.Interestingly, when the dimensions of metal-halide perovskites are reduced to two dimensions(2D), many of the novel properties will arise, such as enlarged bandgap, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and large exciton binding energy. As a result, 2D metal-halide perovskite-based optoelectronic devices display excellent performance, particularly as ambient stable solar cells with excellent power conversion efficiency(PCE), high-performance light-emitting diodes(LEDs) with sharp emission peak, and high-sensitive photodetectors. In this review, we first introduce the synthesis, structure,and physical properties of 2D perovskites. Then, the 2D perovskite-based solar cells, LEDs, and photodetectors are discussed. Finally, a brief overview of the opportunities and challenges for 2D perovskite optoelectronics is presented.展开更多
Cold-chain demand of fresh agricultural products is increasing in China, while network layout of cold-chain logistics is in disorder and its cost is huge. To address this problem, this paper casts an optimal model of ...Cold-chain demand of fresh agricultural products is increasing in China, while network layout of cold-chain logistics is in disorder and its cost is huge. To address this problem, this paper casts an optimal model of cold-chain logistics network and tackles it with genetic algorithms. This optimal model takes running total cost of logistics network as the objective, and embeds a nonlinear mixed integer programming including two assignment issues. The model determines optimal layout and logistics management for pre-cooling stations and logistics center for fresh agricultural products. Our main contribution is to consider construction cost and operation cost of cold chain logistics simultaneously. Case study illustrates the effectiveness of the model.展开更多
The triple cation mixed perovskites(Cs FAMA)are known as one of the most efficient candidates for perovskite solar cells(PSCs).It is found that the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of triple-cation based devices would ...The triple cation mixed perovskites(Cs FAMA)are known as one of the most efficient candidates for perovskite solar cells(PSCs).It is found that the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of triple-cation based devices would increase with the test time extending,and the maximum efficiency is normally obtained after several days aging storage.Here,the relationship between enhanced device performance,excess PbI_(2)and its evolution in triple cation perovskite films of initial days was systematically explored.The Cs FAMA-PSCs are prepared by two-step methods under two environmental conditions,including in the glove box and the ambient air(30%humidity).After 7 days testing,the maximum PCE of PSCs under two conditions dramatically increased 12.4%and 12.2%,reached 21.68%and 21.89%,respectively.At initial days,the XRD peak intensities of perovskite phase gradually decreased and those corresponding to PbI_(2)increased.Along with time-resolved photoluminescence(TRPL)and kelvin probe force microscopy(KPFM),it was found that the defects were passivated with the evolution of PbI_(2).This work reveals the excess PbI_(2)and its evolution in perovskite film,which can further supplement the understanding of PbI_(2)defect passivation.展开更多
Electron transport layer(ETL)is very critical to the performance of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),and optimization work on ETL has received extensive attentions especially on tin oxide(SnO_(2))since it is an excellent ...Electron transport layer(ETL)is very critical to the performance of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),and optimization work on ETL has received extensive attentions especially on tin oxide(SnO_(2))since it is an excellent ETL material widely applied in high-efficiency PSCs.Thereinto,introducing mesoporous structure and surface modification are two important approaches which are commonly applied.Herein,based on the previous work in low-temperature fabrication process of mesoporous SnO_(2)(mSnO_(2)),we introduced a modification process with rubidium fuoride(Rb F)to the m-SnO_(2)ETL,and successfully achieved a synergy of the m-SnO_(2)and Rb F modification:not only the shortcoming of the m-SnO_(2)in interfacial traps was overcome,but also the carrier collection efficiency was further improved.The PSCs based on the m-SnO_(2)ETL with Rb F modification demonstrated outstanding performances:a champion power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 22.72%and a stability performance of maintaining 90%of the initial PCE after 300 h of MPP tracking were obtained without surface passivation of perovskite film.Hence,utilizing the abovementioned synergy is a cost-effective and feasible strategy for fabricating high-efficiency and stable PSCs since the fabrication process of the m-SnO_(2)ETL is a kind of low temperature process and RbF is cheap.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease(PD) is a major neurodegenerative disease. One of the known genetic contributors to PD pathogenesis is leucine-rich repeat kinase 2(LRRK2) whose mutations with elevated kinase activity could lead t...Parkinson’s disease(PD) is a major neurodegenerative disease. One of the known genetic contributors to PD pathogenesis is leucine-rich repeat kinase 2(LRRK2) whose mutations with elevated kinase activity could lead to both familial and sporadic PD. However, how the pathogenic kinase activity of LRRK2 is regulated remains largely unclear. Here we report that peroxiredoxin 2(Prx2) was identified as a novel interacting protein to LRRK2 with preferential expression in dopaminergic neurons over other Prx proteins. We also confirmed that Prx2 interacted with LRRK2 through its COR domain and its overexpression significantly decreased the kinase activity of mutant LRRK2. Functionally, overexpressed Prx2 rescued the transfected cells from LRRK2 mutant induced apoptotic processes. Importantly, overexpressed Prx2 reversed the altered subcellular distribution of cationindependent mannose 6-phosphate receptor(CI-M6 PR) induced by PD-mutant LRRK2. Our results suggest that,by interacting with LRRK2, Prx2 may play an inhibitory role in the LRRK2 mediated cellular toxicity in PD by inhibiting its kinase activity.展开更多
Cement is a widely used construction material globally.Its manufacturing contributes to anthropogenic CO_(2)emissions significantly.However,its alkaline compounds can absorb CO_(2)from the surrounding environment and ...Cement is a widely used construction material globally.Its manufacturing contributes to anthropogenic CO_(2)emissions significantly.However,its alkaline compounds can absorb CO_(2)from the surrounding environment and engage in a carbonation reaction,thereby functioning as a carbon sink.As a major cement producer and consumer,China has an important responsibility to rigorously investigate and accurately account for cement carbon uptake.This study presents a comprehensive analytical model of cement carbon uptake from China,revealing a substantial increase in carbon uptake from 1930 to 2021,peaking at 426.77 Mt CO_(2)(95% Confidence Interval:317.67-874.33 Mt CO_(2))in 2021.The uptake accounts for 8.10% to 45.40% of China’s annual land sink and 2.51% to 4.54% of the global land sink.The cumulative carbon uptake by cement is approximately 7.06 Gt CO_(2)(95%CI:5.22–9.44 Gt CO_(2))during this period,offsetting 50.7% of the total emissions(13.91 Gt CO_(2),95%CI:12.44–17.00 Gt CO_(2))from the cement industry.Notably,cement mortar contributed to most absorption(65.64%).From a life cycle perspective,the service stage of cement materials is the period where the largest CO_(2)sink is formed,accounting for 90.03% of the total.Therefore,the potential for carbon sequestration in cement materials and their waste is enormous.Additionally,the model improves the accuracy of cement carbon accounting,supporting both China and global carbon neutrality assessments.Thus,it is crucial for China to achieve its carbon neutrality goals sooner by prioritizing the environmental benefits of cement materials and wastes,and accelerating the development and commercialization of CO_(2)sequestration technologies for cement and its by-products.展开更多
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune cholestatic liver disease that progresses to fibrosis and cirrhosis, resulting from the gradual destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts. Exploring genetic variants ass...Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune cholestatic liver disease that progresses to fibrosis and cirrhosis, resulting from the gradual destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts. Exploring genetic variants associated with PBC is essential to understand the pathogenesis of PBC. Here we identify a zebrafish balloon dog (blg) mutant with intrahepatic bile duct branching defects, exhibiting several key pathological PBC-like features, including immunodominant autoantigen PDC-E2 production, cholangiocyte apoptosis, immune cell infiltration, inflammatory activation, and liver fibrosis. blg encodes the protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 21 (Ppp1r21), which is enriched in the liver and its peripheral tissues and plays a vital role in the early intrahepatic bile duct formation stage. Further studies show an excessive activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the hepatic tissues in the mutant, while treatment with the pathway inhibitor LY294002 and rapamycin partially rescues intrahepatic bile duct branching defects and alleviates the PBC-like symptoms. These findings implicate the potential role of the Ppp1r21-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the pathophysiology of PBC.展开更多
Particle size governs the electronic and geometric structure of metal nanoparticles(NPs),shaping their catalytic performances in heterogeneous catalysis.However,precisely controlling the size of active metal NPs and t...Particle size governs the electronic and geometric structure of metal nanoparticles(NPs),shaping their catalytic performances in heterogeneous catalysis.However,precisely controlling the size of active metal NPs and thereafter their catalytic activities remain an affordable challenge in ultra-deep oxidative desulfurization(ODS)field.Herein,a series of highly-efficient VO_(x)/boron nitride nanosheets(BNNS)@TiO_(2)heterostructures,therein,cetyltrimethylammonium bromide cationic surfactants serving as intercalation agent,BNNS and MXene as precursors,with various VO_(x)NP sizes were designed and controllably constructed by a facile intercalation confinement strategy.The properties and structures of the prepared catalysts were systematically characterized by different technical methods,and their catalytic activities were investigated for aerobic ODS of dibenzothiophene(DBT).The results show that the size of VO_(x)NPs and V^(5+)/V^(4+)play decisive roles in the catalytic aerobic ODS of VO_(x)/BNNS@TiO_(2)catalysts and that VO_(x)/BNNS@TiO_(2)-2 exhibits the highest ODS activity with 93.7%DBT conversion within 60 min under the reaction temperature of 130℃and oxygen flow rate of 200 mL·min-1,which is due to its optimal VO_(x)dispersion,excellent reducibility and abundant active species.Therefore,the finding here may contribute to the fundamental understanding of structure-activity in ultradeep ODS and inspire the advancement of highly-efficient catalyst.展开更多
In perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the light-soaking effect,which means device performance changes obviously under continuous light illumination,is potentially harmful to loaded devices as well as accurately assessing th...In perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the light-soaking effect,which means device performance changes obviously under continuous light illumination,is potentially harmful to loaded devices as well as accurately assessing their efficiency.Herein,chemically stable tungsten trioxide(WO3)with high electron mobility is used as electron transport material in methylamine(MA)-free PSCs.However,the light-soaking effect is observed apparently in our devices.A fullerene derivative,C60 pyrrolidine Tris-acid(CPTA),is introduced to modify the interface between WO3 and perovskite(PVK)layers,which can bond with WO3 and PVK simultaneously,leading to the passivation of the defect and the suppression of trap-assisted nonradiative recombination.What is more,the introduction of CPTA can enhance the built-in electric field between WO3 and PVK layers,thereby facilitating the electron extraction and inhibiting the carrier accumulation at the interface.Consequently,the lightsoaking effect of WO3-based PSCs has been eliminated,and the power conversion efficiency has been boosted from 17.4%for control device to 20.5%for WO3/CPTA-based PSC with enhanced stability.This study gives guidance for the design of interfacial molecules to eliminate the light-soaking effect.展开更多
The growth of Li dendrites and the instability of the solid electrolyte in terphase(SEI)layer during plating/stripping has hin dered the practical applicati on of high-energy-density batteries based on a lithium metal...The growth of Li dendrites and the instability of the solid electrolyte in terphase(SEI)layer during plating/stripping has hin dered the practical applicati on of high-energy-density batteries based on a lithium metal anode.Building a stable interfacial layer is effective in preventing lithium corrosiion by the electrolyte and controlling the deposition of lithium metal.Here,we present a robust polydopamine-Cu ion(PDA-Cu^2+)coati ng layer formed by the aggregation of nanoparticles and Cu ions,which can be obtained by a subtle immersion strategy.We demonstrate that the PDA-Cu^2+ protective layer,with a unique structure comprising nanoparticles,can regulate and guide Li metal deposition,and together with Cu ions,forms a lubricating surface to facilitate uniform Li ion diffusion and induce stable SEI layer formation.Li anodes with this PDA-Cu^2+layer modification ultimately achieve higher Coulombic efficiencies,which are consistently stable for over 650 cycles at 0.5 mA·cm^-2 without Li dendrites.The introduced PDA-Cu^2+ coating can adhere to any material of any shape;addition ally,the operation can be realized on a large scale because of its simplicity.These merits provide a promising approach for developing stable and safe lithium metal batteries.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFA1401900 and 2019YFA0308403)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB33030000)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92065104,12074010,and 12141001)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0302602)for sample fabrication and measurement。
文摘Surface acoustic wave(SAW)is a powerful technique for investigating quantum phases appearing in twodimensional electron systems.The electrons respond to the piezoelectric field of SAW through screening,attenuating its amplitude,and shifting its velocity,which is described by the relaxation model.In this work,we systematically study this interaction using orders of magnitude lower SAW amplitude than those in previous studies.At high magnetic fields,when electrons form highly correlated states such as the quantum Hall effect,we observe an anomalously large attenuation of SAW,while the acoustic speed remains considerably high,inconsistent with the conventional relaxation model.This anomaly exists only when the SAW power is sufficiently low.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0134600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52272152,61674063,and 62074061)+1 种基金the Foundation of Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(Grant Nos.JCYJ20210324142010030 and JCYJ20180504170444967)the Fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022M711234)。
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)ferromagnetic crystals with fascinating optical and electrical properties are crucial for nanotechnology and have a wide variety of applications in spintronics.However,low Curie temperatures of most 2D ferromagnetic crystals seriously hinder their practical applications,thus searching for intrinsic roomtemperature 2D ferromagnetic crystals is of great importance for development of information technology.Fortunately,progresses have been achieved in the last few years.Here we review recent advances in the field of intrinsic room-temperature 2D ferromagnetic crystals and introduce their applications in spintronic devices based on van der Waals heterostructures.Finally,the remaining challenge and future perspective on the development direction of intrinsic room-temperature 2D ferromagnetic crystals for 2D spintronics and van der Waals spintronics are briefly summarized.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0134600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52272152,61674063,and 62074061)+2 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(Grant No.JCYJ20210324142010030)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.2022CFA031)Interdisciplinary Research Program of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Grant No.5003110122)。
文摘The discovery and manipulation of topological Hall effect(THE),an abnormal magnetoelectric response mostly related to the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction(DMI),are promising for next-generation spintronic devices based on topological spin textures such as magnetic skyrmions.However,most skyrmions and THE are stabilized in a narrow temperature window either below or over room temperature with high critical current manipulation.It is still elusive and challenging to achieve large THE with both wide temperature window till room temperature and low critical current manipulation.Here,using controllable,naturally oxidized sub-20 and sub-10 nm 2D van der Waals room-temperature ferromagnetic Fe_(3)GaTe_(2-x)crystals,we report robust 2D skyrmion THE with ultrawide temperature window ranging in three orders of magnitude from 2 to 300 K,in combination with giant THE of~5.4μΩ·cm at 10 K and~0.15μΩ·cm at 300 K,which is 1–3 orders of magnitude larger than that of all known room-temperature 2D skyrmion systems.Moreover,room-temperature current-controlled THE is also realized with a low critical current density of~6.2×10^(5)A·cm^(-2).First-principles calculations unveil natural oxidation-induced highly enhanced 2D interfacial DMI reasonable for robust giant THE.This work paves the way to room-temperature electrically controlled 2D THE-based practical spintronic devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under project 52007047in part by the Outstanding Youth Innovation Project funded by State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment EERI_OY2021005,and EERI_KF2021014。
文摘Soft magnetic composite(SMC)material is an ideal soft magnetic material employed for developing 3D magnetic flux electromagnetic equipment,due to its advantages of 3D magnetic isotropy characteristic,low eddy current loss,and simple manufacturing process.The permanent magnet claw pole machine(PMCPM)with SMC cores is a good case that the SMC to be adopted for developing 3D flux electrical machines.In this paper,a novel axial-radial flux permanent magnet claw pole machine(ARPMCPM)with SMC cores and ferrite magnets is proposed.Compared with the traditional PMCPM,the proposed ARPMCPM is designed with only one spoke PM rotor and its whole structure is quite compact.For the performance prediction,the 3D finite element method(FEM)is used.Meanwhile,for the performance evaluation,a previously developed axial flux claw pole permanent magnet machine(AFCPM)is employed as the benchmark machine and all these machines are optimized by using the combined multilevel robust Taguchi method.It can be seen that the proposed ARPMCPM is with higher torque/weight density and operation efficiency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81772702 and 81502214)。
文摘Objective:Natural extracts,including nobiletin,have been reported to enhance the efficacy and sensitivity of chemotherapeutic drugs.However,whether and how nobiletin affects tumor growth and progression in renal cell carcinoma(RCC)are still unclear.Methods:Cell proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis analyses,colony-formation assays,immunoblotting analysis,and q RT-PCR analysis were performed to investigate how nobiletin affected RCC cell proliferation in vitro.The nude mouse model was used to test the efficacy of nobiletin alone or in combination with palbociclib.Results:Nobiletin inhibited cell proliferation by inducing G1 cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis in RCC cells.Mechanistically,nobiletin decreased SKP2 protein expression by reducing its transcriptional level.The downregulated SKP2 caused accumulation of its substrates,p27 and p21,which further inhibited the activity of the G1 phase-related protein,CDK2,leading to inhibition of cell proliferation and tumor formation.A higher SKP2 protein level indicated less sensitivity to the CDK4/6 inhibitor,palbociclib.A combination of nobiletin and palbociclib showed a synergistic tumor inhibition in vitro and in an in vivo model.Conclusions:Nobiletin downregulated the SKP2-p21/p27-CDK2 axis to inhibit tumor progression and showed synergistic tumor inhibition effects with the CDK4/6 inhibitor,palbociclib,on RCC,which indicates a potential new therapeutic strategy.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFB0700702)research start-up funding from Guangxi University of Science and Technology (No. 03190219)
文摘In the past decade, metal-halide perovskites have attracted increasing attention in optoelectronics, due to their superior optoelectronic properties.However, inherent instabilities of conventional three-dimensional(3D)perovskites over moisture, heat, and light remain a severe challenge before the realization of commercial application of metal-halide perovskites.Interestingly, when the dimensions of metal-halide perovskites are reduced to two dimensions(2D), many of the novel properties will arise, such as enlarged bandgap, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and large exciton binding energy. As a result, 2D metal-halide perovskite-based optoelectronic devices display excellent performance, particularly as ambient stable solar cells with excellent power conversion efficiency(PCE), high-performance light-emitting diodes(LEDs) with sharp emission peak, and high-sensitive photodetectors. In this review, we first introduce the synthesis, structure,and physical properties of 2D perovskites. Then, the 2D perovskite-based solar cells, LEDs, and photodetectors are discussed. Finally, a brief overview of the opportunities and challenges for 2D perovskite optoelectronics is presented.
文摘Cold-chain demand of fresh agricultural products is increasing in China, while network layout of cold-chain logistics is in disorder and its cost is huge. To address this problem, this paper casts an optimal model of cold-chain logistics network and tackles it with genetic algorithms. This optimal model takes running total cost of logistics network as the objective, and embeds a nonlinear mixed integer programming including two assignment issues. The model determines optimal layout and logistics management for pre-cooling stations and logistics center for fresh agricultural products. Our main contribution is to consider construction cost and operation cost of cold chain logistics simultaneously. Case study illustrates the effectiveness of the model.
基金the financial support from the Young Scholars Development Fund of SWPU(201699010017)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2018JY0015)+1 种基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China(61774022)the 2020 Li Ka Shing Foundation Cross-Disciplinary Research Grant(2020LKSFG01A)。
文摘The triple cation mixed perovskites(Cs FAMA)are known as one of the most efficient candidates for perovskite solar cells(PSCs).It is found that the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of triple-cation based devices would increase with the test time extending,and the maximum efficiency is normally obtained after several days aging storage.Here,the relationship between enhanced device performance,excess PbI_(2)and its evolution in triple cation perovskite films of initial days was systematically explored.The Cs FAMA-PSCs are prepared by two-step methods under two environmental conditions,including in the glove box and the ambient air(30%humidity).After 7 days testing,the maximum PCE of PSCs under two conditions dramatically increased 12.4%and 12.2%,reached 21.68%and 21.89%,respectively.At initial days,the XRD peak intensities of perovskite phase gradually decreased and those corresponding to PbI_(2)increased.Along with time-resolved photoluminescence(TRPL)and kelvin probe force microscopy(KPFM),it was found that the defects were passivated with the evolution of PbI_(2).This work reveals the excess PbI_(2)and its evolution in perovskite film,which can further supplement the understanding of PbI_(2)defect passivation.
基金mainly supported by the operational funds of Institute of Photovoltaic,Southwest Petroleum University and Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2018JY0015)。
文摘Electron transport layer(ETL)is very critical to the performance of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),and optimization work on ETL has received extensive attentions especially on tin oxide(SnO_(2))since it is an excellent ETL material widely applied in high-efficiency PSCs.Thereinto,introducing mesoporous structure and surface modification are two important approaches which are commonly applied.Herein,based on the previous work in low-temperature fabrication process of mesoporous SnO_(2)(mSnO_(2)),we introduced a modification process with rubidium fuoride(Rb F)to the m-SnO_(2)ETL,and successfully achieved a synergy of the m-SnO_(2)and Rb F modification:not only the shortcoming of the m-SnO_(2)in interfacial traps was overcome,but also the carrier collection efficiency was further improved.The PSCs based on the m-SnO_(2)ETL with Rb F modification demonstrated outstanding performances:a champion power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 22.72%and a stability performance of maintaining 90%of the initial PCE after 300 h of MPP tracking were obtained without surface passivation of perovskite film.Hence,utilizing the abovementioned synergy is a cost-effective and feasible strategy for fabricating high-efficiency and stable PSCs since the fabrication process of the m-SnO_(2)ETL is a kind of low temperature process and RbF is cheap.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China to Y. Liu (Grant No. 31371436 and No. 8157051134)the laboratory start-up grant from Nanjing Medical University to Y. Liu。
文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD) is a major neurodegenerative disease. One of the known genetic contributors to PD pathogenesis is leucine-rich repeat kinase 2(LRRK2) whose mutations with elevated kinase activity could lead to both familial and sporadic PD. However, how the pathogenic kinase activity of LRRK2 is regulated remains largely unclear. Here we report that peroxiredoxin 2(Prx2) was identified as a novel interacting protein to LRRK2 with preferential expression in dopaminergic neurons over other Prx proteins. We also confirmed that Prx2 interacted with LRRK2 through its COR domain and its overexpression significantly decreased the kinase activity of mutant LRRK2. Functionally, overexpressed Prx2 rescued the transfected cells from LRRK2 mutant induced apoptotic processes. Importantly, overexpressed Prx2 reversed the altered subcellular distribution of cationindependent mannose 6-phosphate receptor(CI-M6 PR) induced by PD-mutant LRRK2. Our results suggest that,by interacting with LRRK2, Prx2 may play an inhibitory role in the LRRK2 mediated cellular toxicity in PD by inhibiting its kinase activity.
基金supported by the China Association for Science and Technology(Grant Nos.2020201&Y202050)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.71874097,41921005&41977290)+3 种基金the International Support Program of the President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2017 VCB 0004)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.JQ 19032)the Liaoning Xingliao Talent Project(Grant No.XLYC1907148)the Major Project of the Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.IAEMP202201)。
文摘Cement is a widely used construction material globally.Its manufacturing contributes to anthropogenic CO_(2)emissions significantly.However,its alkaline compounds can absorb CO_(2)from the surrounding environment and engage in a carbonation reaction,thereby functioning as a carbon sink.As a major cement producer and consumer,China has an important responsibility to rigorously investigate and accurately account for cement carbon uptake.This study presents a comprehensive analytical model of cement carbon uptake from China,revealing a substantial increase in carbon uptake from 1930 to 2021,peaking at 426.77 Mt CO_(2)(95% Confidence Interval:317.67-874.33 Mt CO_(2))in 2021.The uptake accounts for 8.10% to 45.40% of China’s annual land sink and 2.51% to 4.54% of the global land sink.The cumulative carbon uptake by cement is approximately 7.06 Gt CO_(2)(95%CI:5.22–9.44 Gt CO_(2))during this period,offsetting 50.7% of the total emissions(13.91 Gt CO_(2),95%CI:12.44–17.00 Gt CO_(2))from the cement industry.Notably,cement mortar contributed to most absorption(65.64%).From a life cycle perspective,the service stage of cement materials is the period where the largest CO_(2)sink is formed,accounting for 90.03% of the total.Therefore,the potential for carbon sequestration in cement materials and their waste is enormous.Additionally,the model improves the accuracy of cement carbon accounting,supporting both China and global carbon neutrality assessments.Thus,it is crucial for China to achieve its carbon neutrality goals sooner by prioritizing the environmental benefits of cement materials and wastes,and accelerating the development and commercialization of CO_(2)sequestration technologies for cement and its by-products.
基金supported by the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation(Southwest Petroleum University,PLN2021-17)the Science and Technology Project of Southwest Petroleum University(2021JBGS08)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2022YFSY0040)。
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270859 and 32192400)the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA0805000).
文摘Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune cholestatic liver disease that progresses to fibrosis and cirrhosis, resulting from the gradual destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts. Exploring genetic variants associated with PBC is essential to understand the pathogenesis of PBC. Here we identify a zebrafish balloon dog (blg) mutant with intrahepatic bile duct branching defects, exhibiting several key pathological PBC-like features, including immunodominant autoantigen PDC-E2 production, cholangiocyte apoptosis, immune cell infiltration, inflammatory activation, and liver fibrosis. blg encodes the protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 21 (Ppp1r21), which is enriched in the liver and its peripheral tissues and plays a vital role in the early intrahepatic bile duct formation stage. Further studies show an excessive activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the hepatic tissues in the mutant, while treatment with the pathway inhibitor LY294002 and rapamycin partially rescues intrahepatic bile duct branching defects and alleviates the PBC-like symptoms. These findings implicate the potential role of the Ppp1r21-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the pathophysiology of PBC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22178154 and 22002050)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.2022T150765 and 2020M683154)+1 种基金Project of Jiangsu University Senior Talents Foundation(Grant No.20JDG35)National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology(Grant No.NELMS2020B01).
文摘Particle size governs the electronic and geometric structure of metal nanoparticles(NPs),shaping their catalytic performances in heterogeneous catalysis.However,precisely controlling the size of active metal NPs and thereafter their catalytic activities remain an affordable challenge in ultra-deep oxidative desulfurization(ODS)field.Herein,a series of highly-efficient VO_(x)/boron nitride nanosheets(BNNS)@TiO_(2)heterostructures,therein,cetyltrimethylammonium bromide cationic surfactants serving as intercalation agent,BNNS and MXene as precursors,with various VO_(x)NP sizes were designed and controllably constructed by a facile intercalation confinement strategy.The properties and structures of the prepared catalysts were systematically characterized by different technical methods,and their catalytic activities were investigated for aerobic ODS of dibenzothiophene(DBT).The results show that the size of VO_(x)NPs and V^(5+)/V^(4+)play decisive roles in the catalytic aerobic ODS of VO_(x)/BNNS@TiO_(2)catalysts and that VO_(x)/BNNS@TiO_(2)-2 exhibits the highest ODS activity with 93.7%DBT conversion within 60 min under the reaction temperature of 130℃and oxygen flow rate of 200 mL·min-1,which is due to its optimal VO_(x)dispersion,excellent reducibility and abundant active species.Therefore,the finding here may contribute to the fundamental understanding of structure-activity in ultradeep ODS and inspire the advancement of highly-efficient catalyst.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:51925206,U1932214National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2017YFA0402800。
文摘In perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the light-soaking effect,which means device performance changes obviously under continuous light illumination,is potentially harmful to loaded devices as well as accurately assessing their efficiency.Herein,chemically stable tungsten trioxide(WO3)with high electron mobility is used as electron transport material in methylamine(MA)-free PSCs.However,the light-soaking effect is observed apparently in our devices.A fullerene derivative,C60 pyrrolidine Tris-acid(CPTA),is introduced to modify the interface between WO3 and perovskite(PVK)layers,which can bond with WO3 and PVK simultaneously,leading to the passivation of the defect and the suppression of trap-assisted nonradiative recombination.What is more,the introduction of CPTA can enhance the built-in electric field between WO3 and PVK layers,thereby facilitating the electron extraction and inhibiting the carrier accumulation at the interface.Consequently,the lightsoaking effect of WO3-based PSCs has been eliminated,and the power conversion efficiency has been boosted from 17.4%for control device to 20.5%for WO3/CPTA-based PSC with enhanced stability.This study gives guidance for the design of interfacial molecules to eliminate the light-soaking effect.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21875284).
文摘The growth of Li dendrites and the instability of the solid electrolyte in terphase(SEI)layer during plating/stripping has hin dered the practical applicati on of high-energy-density batteries based on a lithium metal anode.Building a stable interfacial layer is effective in preventing lithium corrosiion by the electrolyte and controlling the deposition of lithium metal.Here,we present a robust polydopamine-Cu ion(PDA-Cu^2+)coati ng layer formed by the aggregation of nanoparticles and Cu ions,which can be obtained by a subtle immersion strategy.We demonstrate that the PDA-Cu^2+ protective layer,with a unique structure comprising nanoparticles,can regulate and guide Li metal deposition,and together with Cu ions,forms a lubricating surface to facilitate uniform Li ion diffusion and induce stable SEI layer formation.Li anodes with this PDA-Cu^2+layer modification ultimately achieve higher Coulombic efficiencies,which are consistently stable for over 650 cycles at 0.5 mA·cm^-2 without Li dendrites.The introduced PDA-Cu^2+ coating can adhere to any material of any shape;addition ally,the operation can be realized on a large scale because of its simplicity.These merits provide a promising approach for developing stable and safe lithium metal batteries.