Ecological Networks of Allometric Growth,Feeding Behavior and Gut Microbiota in Chinese Alligator Hatchlings

Chinese alligator hatchlings in captivity are fragile and have a high mortality rate within first year.The body mass gain of reptile animals is closely related to their feeding behavior and gut microbiota.This study analyzed the intrinsic factors influencing the allometric growth of Chinese alligator hatchlings based on their body mass gain,feeding behavior,and gut microbiota.This information would enhance the health management of Chinese alligator hatchlings.There was a significant correlation between the total distance moved,the average number of conspecifics nearby,and body mass gain.Chinese alligator hatchlings with a greater growth rate showed greater activity and more independent behavior during feeding than those with a lower growth rate.Moreover,after feeding started,some functions of the gut microbiota showed significant relationships with growth rate and feeding activity.Chinese alligator hatchlings with a greater growth rate showed greater levels of heme biosynthesis than those with a lower growth rate,and feeding activity was inhibited by long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis.These results elucidate the relationships between health,feeding behavior,and the gut microbiota of Chinese alligator hatchlings.Understanding the intrinsic factors of their health and feeding behavior can improve the health management of Chinese alligator hatchlings in captivity for conservation.

Host Genetic Background Impacts Microbiome Composition in Newborn Alligator

Genetic factors play a key role in determination of the structure of the cloacal flora for newborn Chinese Alligators.We collected the cloacal microbiomes for 24 newborn Chinese Alligators from three different genetic backgrounds for 16S gene amplicon sequencing.The number of cloacal flora for the Chinese Alligators from different groups was comparable but differed structurally.There were variations in proportions of floral compositions at the phylum and family levels;however,the main difference was at the genus level.There were two significant differences in richness and evenness among the three groups.Non-metric multidimensional scaling NMDS analysis revealed that the 24 samples could be clearly divided into three categories based on their genetic backgrounds(stress=0.0244).Thus,we postulated that newborn Chinese Alligators with different genetic backgrounds have different immune strengths,which affects individual responses to environmental microorganisms.In summary,newborn Chinese Alligators from different genetic backgrounds exhibit variations in cloacal microbiome.

Modified corn-core powder for enhancing sludge dewaterability:Synthesis,characterization and sludge dewatering performance

The high water content of sludge has always posed significant challenges for its treatment.Synthetic flocculants,which are widely used in sewage treatment plants,can cause secondary pollution during their production and use.Thus,natural polymer flocculants made of natural materials have received increased research attention recently.Corncore,an agricultural waste,was modified through alkalization with sodium hydroxide(NaOH)and etherification with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTMAB)in this study.The L16(45)orthogonal array was used to study the modification conditions.The moisture content(MC)of treated sludge was reduced by approximately 37%with the addition of modified corncore powder(MCCP),which was synthesized under optimal conditions.In addition,changes in the functional groups of the material before and after modification were determined by FTIR.Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that MCCP was steady at room temperature,moreover,BET analysis showed that MCCP had greater surface area.The microstructures of material before and after modification were examined by scanning electron microscopy,revealing that MCCP had a flakeshaped structure and had an increased area of contact area with sludge particles.MCCP is a dehydrating agent that can enhance sludge dewaterability through charge neutralization and reagglomeration and provide superior economic benefits.

Critical Nodes Identification: A Non-Cooperative Method for Unknown Topology Information in Ad Hoc Networks

The foundation of ad hoc networks lies in the guarantee of continuous connectivity.However,critical nodes,whose failure can easily destroy network connectivity,will influence the ad hoc network connectivity significantly.To protect the network efficiently,critical nodes should be identified accurately and rapidly.Unlike existing critical node identification methods for unknown topology that identify critical nodes according to historical information,this paper develops a critical node identification method to relax the prior topology information condition about critical nodes.Specifically,we first deduce a theorem about the minimum communication range for a node through the number of nodes and deployment ranges,and prove the universality of the theorem in a realistic two-dimensional scenario.After that,we analyze the relationship between communication range and degree value for each node and prove that the greater number of nodes within the communication range of a node,the greater degree value of nodes with high probability.Moreover,we develop a novel strategy to improve the accuracy of critical node identification without topology information.Finally,simulation results indicate the proposed strategy can achieve high accuracy and low redundancy while ensuring low time consumption in the scenarios with unknown topology information in ad hoc networks.

Multi-omics joint analysis revealed the metabolic profile of retroperitoneal liposarcoma

Retroperitoneal liposarcoma(RLPS)is the main subtype of retroperitoneal soft sarcoma(RSTS)and has a poor prognosis and few treatment options,except for surgery.The proteomic and metabolic profiles of RLPS have remained unclear.The aim of our study was to reveal the metabolic profile of RLPS.Here,we performed proteomic analysis(n=10),metabolomic analysis(n=51),and lipidomic analysis(n=50)of retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma(RDDLPS)and retroperitoneal well-differentiated liposarcoma(RWDLPS)tissue and paired adjacent adipose tissue obtained during surgery.Data analysis mainly revealed that glycolysis,purine metabolism,pyrimidine metabolism and phospholipid formation were upregulated in both RDDLPS and RWDLPS tissue compared with the adjacent adipose tissue,whereas the tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle,lipid absorption and synthesis,fatty acid degradation and biosynthesis,as well as glycine,serine,and threonine metabolism were downregulated.Of particular importance,the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose and pentose phosphate pathway(PPP)inhibitor RRX-001 significantly promoted the antitumor effects of the MDM2 inhibitor RG7112 and CDK4 inhibitor abemaciclib.Our study not only describes the metabolic profiles of RDDLPS and RWDLPS,but also offers potential therapeutic targets and strategies for RLPS.

国家主导型发展规划的地方回应研究——以宁边村“美丽乡村建设工程”为中心讨论

国家基于对社会的简单化管理而制定的发展规划常常与农民的微观生活世界之间出现断裂,但是这些宏观的发展规划最终能够成功执行,并对中国乡村社会变迁产生深远影响。宁边村的研究个案表明,在发展规划从制定到执行的过程中,三个行动主体的行为发挥了作用。发展规划的决策者与政策实施对象之间关于对未来美好生活的实现达成了共识;村民出于理性的利益计算而接受了来自国家的宏观发展规划;发展规划的执行者在政策执行过程中积极回应村民的合理诉求,采取了变通措施弥合了宏观的发展规划与农民微观生活世界的断裂之处。

2020年天津市猪病监测情况及防控建议

2020年是经历非洲猪瘟疫情重创后生猪产业迅速恢复的一年。在这一年里,各级畜牧兽医主管部门积极努力,发布了一系列利好政策。生猪养殖场户更加注重生物安全,生产水平和防疫水平有了很大提高。总体来看,2020年天津市生猪养殖形势比较平稳,未报告非洲猪瘟和口蹄疫等重大动物疫情,猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪瘟、猪伪狂犬病、猪流行性腹泻、猪圆环病毒病等常见猪病呈现点状散发状态,均处在可控范围之内。

非洲猪瘟无疫小区建设职责分解

非洲猪瘟自2018年8月份传入我国东北地区以来,给我国养猪产业造成了巨大的冲击,多省份、多地区的许多猪场相继发病,全国能繁母猪存栏量和生猪出栏数量大幅下降,由此造成猪肉价格明显上涨,给以猪肉为主要肉食的人们的日常生活带来极大困扰。面对非洲猪瘟病毒已在我国部分猪群定殖,短时间内难以清除,疫情点状发生将长期存在的新特征,农业农村部适时调整防控政策,着力推出了非洲猪瘟无疫小区建设工作。

养猪场户如何做好非洲猪瘟的防控

非洲猪瘟是一种急性、热性、高度接触性传染病[1],近两年来给我国养猪业带来了灾难性的影响。因此,在当前阶段做好现有养猪场户的防控工作尤为重要。文章结合我国养猪特点和防控形势,从养猪从业者角度介绍了非洲猪瘟的特点、传播方式、综合防控措施及防疫职责,以期为广大生猪养殖者做好非洲猪瘟防控提供参考。

Constant False Alarm Rate Acquisition Algorithm for Compass B1C Signal

In order to improve the sensitivity of the Compass B1C signal acquisition for the receiver,the principle of constant false alarm rate(CFAR)is applied for the B1C pilot channel acquisition to realize the dynamic adjustment of the threshold of acquisition against the carrier to noise ratio.The non-coherent data/pilot combined acquisition algorithm for B1C signal is analyzed to make full use of the power of the B1C signal under the condition of low carrier to noise ratio.On this basis,to improve the acquisition sensitivity of the receiver,the principle of constant false alarm probability is applied for the non-coherent data/pilot combined acquisition algorithm.Theoretical analysis and simulations show that the non-coherent data/pilot combined acquisition algorithm with CFAR improves the B1C signal acquisition sensitivity of the receiver significantly,and achieves a better Receiver Operating Characteristic compared with the traditional acquisition algorithms.

Joint power control and relay selection scheme for cognitive two-way relay networks

A joint power control and relay selection scheme is considered for a cooperative and cognitive radio system where a secondary network shares spectrum with the primary network. In the secondary network, two secondary users （SUs） communicate with each other via an assist relay. The main point is to provide the best system performance to SUs while maintaining the interference power at primary user （PU） under a certain level. Using convex optimization, a closed-form solution is obtained when optimizing the power allocation among the two nodes and relay. Based on this result, a joint power control and relay selection scheme with fewer variable dimensions is proposed to maximize the achievable rate of the secondary system. Simulation results demonstrate that the sum rate of the cognitive two-way relay network increases compared with a random relay selection and fixed power allocation.

Codebook selected beamforming algorithm for multiuser MIMO systems

For reducing the inter-user interference in multi-user multiple-input multiple-output（MU-MIMO） wireless communication systems,e.g.,MIMO-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing（MIMO-OFDM） systems,it is often desirable to the complex preprocessing at the transmitter.This paper proposes a multi-user beamforming algorithm with sub-codebook selection.Based on the minimal leakage criterion,the codebook selection,limited feed-forward and minimum mean square error（MMSE） detection are combined in the proposed algorithm.This avoids the complex channel matrix decomposition and inversion.Consequently,the computational complexity at the transmitter is significantly reduced.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than existing beamforming algorithms.

关于天津市非洲猪瘟无疫小区创建工作的思考

2019年12月,农业农村部组织制定颁发了《无规定动物疫病小区评估管理办法》(农业农村部公告第242号)、《农业农村部办公厅关于印发<无非洲猪瘟区标准>和<无规定动物疫病小区管理技术规范>的通知》(农办牧〔2019〕86号)等文件,随即启动了非洲猪瘟无疫小区建设工作。天津市农业农村部门高度重视该项工作,第一时间组织了“行政+技术”的推动专班,不仅包括了总兽医师在内的行政部门领导,同时还涵盖了天津市动物疫病预防控制中心和天津市农业综合执法总队等技术部门。目前已经有一家规模化生猪养殖企业通过省级评估,正在等待国家级评估。文章就非洲猪瘟无疫小区建设的体会及建议进行简要概述。

Establishment of an orthotopic perirenal space xenograft mousemodel of retroperitoneal sarcoma

Dear Editor,Soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of rare malignancies with mesenchymal origin that can arise at any anatomic site.They account for almost 1.5% of all malignancies in humans,with an increased incidence in young adults[1,2].The retroperitoneum is the primary site of 15%-20% of soft tissue sarcomas[3,4].